EXPLORING THE ACCEPTANCE AND PERCEPTIONS OF HERBAL MEDICINE AMONG THE GENERAL PUBLIC IN PAKISTAN: A SOCIETAL PERSPECTIVE

Main Article Content

Soha Khan
Sarmad Iqbal
Roha Khan
Calvin R Wei
Muhammad Osama
Shumaila Shaikh
Qararo Shah
Fahad Jibran Siyal
Sumbul Masood
Iyad Naeem Muhammad

Keywords

Herbal medicine, public perception, Traditional medicine, Complementary medicine

Abstract

Background: Herbal medicine has been widely used as an alternative or complementary form of treatment in many countries, including Pakistan. This study aimed to assess the perception and usage of herbal medicine among the general population of Pakistan with different educational backgrounds.


Method: An online descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1, 2023, to January 15, 2023, through electronic media channels. A self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was used to gauge the most common disorders in the population and the most common herbal medicines used by the population.


Results: Of the 273 participants, 43.75% were male and 56.25% were female, with 78% belonging to the age group of 18-29 Years. Over 60% of the respondents had used herbal medicines in the last 6 months, with most of them using herbal medicine for 1 week. The most common sources of medical information were family and internet sources. Nearly half of the participants did not feel the need to inform their physician regarding the use of herbal medicine, and most of the population perceived that herbal medicines are safer and more economical than pharmaceutical medicines.


Conclusion: The study results showed that the population of Pakistan has a neutral to positive perception of herbal medicine, with most believing that herbal medicines are safe, economical, and beneficial to their health. Further research is required to assess the safety and efficacy of herbal medicines in Pakistan

Abstract 225 | pdf Downloads 62

References

1. Ekor M. The growing use of herbal medicines: issues relating to adverse reactions and challenges in monitoring safety. Front Pharmacol. Jan 10 2014;4:177. doi:10.3389/fphar.2013.00177
2. Alghadir AH, Iqbal A, Iqbal ZA. Attitude, Beliefs, and Use of Herbal Remedies by Patients in the Riyadh Region of Saudi Arabia. Healthcare (Basel). May 13 2022;10(5) doi: 10.3390/ healthcare10050907
3. Organization WH. General guidelines for methodologies on research and evaluation of traditional medicine. 2000.
4. Tabuti JRS, Kukunda CB, Kaweesi D, Kasilo OMJ. Herbal medicine use in the districts of Nakapiripirit, Pallisa, Kanungu, and Mukono in Uganda. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 2012/09/03 2012;8(1):35. doi:10.1186/1746-4269-8-35
5. Al-Ghamdi S, Aldossari K, Al-Zahrani J, et al. Prevalence, knowledge and attitudes toward herbal medication use by Saudi women in the central region during pregnancy, during labor and after delivery. BMC Complement Altern Med. Apr 4 2017;17(1):196. doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1714-3
6. Bent S. Herbal medicine in the United States: review of efficacy, safety, and regulation: grand rounds at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center. J Gen Intern Med. Jun 2008;23(6):854-9. doi:10.1007/s11606-008-0632-y
7. Nyeko R, Tumwesigye NM, Halage AA. Prevalence and factors associated with use of herbal medicines during pregnancy among women attending postnatal clinics in Gulu district, Northern Uganda. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. Oct 6 2016;16(1):296. doi:10.1186/s12884-016-1095-5
8. Petrovska BB. Historical review of medicinal plants' usage. Pharmacogn Rev. Jan 2012;6(11):1-5. doi:10.4103/0973-7847.95849
9. Al Akeel MM, Al Ghamdi WM, Al Habib S, Koshm M, Al Otaibi F. Herbal medicines: Saudi population knowledge, attitude, and practice at a glance. J Family Med Prim Care. Sep-Oct 2018;7(5):865-875. doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_315_17
10. Afzal S, Ahmad HI, Jabbar A, et al. Use of Medicinal Plants for Respiratory Diseases in Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021:5578914. doi:10.1155/2021/5578914
11. Ahmad M, Qureshi R, Arshad M, Khan M, Ahmad M. Traditional herbal remedies used for the Treatment of diabetes from district Attock (Pakistan). Pakistan Journal of Botany. 12/01 2009;41:2777-2782.
12. Adisa R, Fakeye T. Assessment of the Knowledge of Community Pharmacists Regarding Common Phytopharmaceuticals Sold in South Western Nigeria. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 07/31 2007;5doi:10.4314/tjpr.v5i2.14640
13. Miller L, Hume A, Harris I, et al. White paper on herbal products. American College of Clinical Pharmacy. Pharmacotherapy. 08/01 2000;20:877-91.
14. Hämeen-Anttila K, Pietilä K, Pylkkänen L, Pohjanoksa-Mäntylä M. Internet as a source of medicines information (MI) among frequent internet users. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy. 2018/08/01/ 2018;14(8):758-764. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2017.09.007
15. Battineni G, Baldoni S, Chintalapudi N, et al. Factors affecting the quality and reliability of online health information. DIGITAL HEALTH. 2020/01/01 2020;6:2055207620948996. doi:10.1177/ 2055207620948996
16. Ahmad Khan MS, Ahmad I. Chapter 1 - Herbal Medicine: Current Trends and Future Prospects. In: Ahmad Khan MS, Ahmad I, Chattopadhyay D, eds. New Look to Phytomedicine. Academic Press; 2019:3-13.
17. Banerjee M, Khursheed R, Yadav AK, et al. A Systematic Review on Synthetic Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals Used to Manage Diabetes. Current Diabetes Reviews. // 2020;16(4):340-356. doi:10.2174/1573399815666190822165141
18. Kaur R, Afzal M, Kazmi I, et al. Polypharmacy (herbal and synthetic drug combination): a novel approach in the treatment of type-2 diabetes and its complications in rats. Journal of Natural Medicines. 2013/07/01 2013;67(3):662-671. doi:10.1007/s11418-012-0720-5
19. Izzo AA, Ernst E. Interactions between herbal medicines and prescribed drugs: an updated systematic review. Drugs. 2009;69(13):1777-98. doi:10.2165/11317010-000000000-00000
20. Zahn R, Perry N, Perry E, Mukaetova-Ladinska EB. Use of herbal medicines: Pilot survey of UK users’ views. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2019/06/01/ 2019;44:83-90. doi:https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2019.02.007
21. Vaidya AD, Devasagayam TP. Current status of herbal drugs in India: an overview. J Clin Biochem Nutr. Jul 2007;41(1):1-11. doi:10.3164/jcbn.2007001
22. Mathewos Oridanigo E, Beyene Salgedo W, Gebissa Kebene F. Affordability of Essential Medicines and Associated Factors in Public Health Facilities of Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2021/03/16 2021;2021:6640133. doi:10.1155/2021/6640133
23. Gilbert N. Regulations: Herbal medicine rule book. Nature. 2011/12/01 2011;480(7378):S98-S99. doi:10.1038/480S98a

Most read articles by the same author(s)