PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION AMONG ADULTS ATTENDING URBAN HEALTH CENTRES: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
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Keywords
Hypertension, urban, prevalence, risk factors, India, cross-sectional
Abstract
Background: Hypertension is a leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Urban populations in India are disproportionately affected due to lifestyle transitions and demographic shifts. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors among adults attending urban health centres. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 340 adults (≥18 years) attending urban health centres over six months. Blood pressure was measured using a standardised mercury sphygmomanometer, and hypertension was defined as systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg or current use of antihypertensive medications per JNC-7 criteria. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and lifestyle data. Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was 33.5% (n=114). Prevalence was significantly higher in males (38.2%) than females (28.7%), and increased markedly with age (p<0.001). Significant associations were found with obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m²), physical inactivity, tobacco use, excess salt intake, family history of hypertension, and diabetes. Conclusion: Hypertension prevalence is high among urban adults, with modifiable lifestyle risk factors playing a dominant role. Targeted screening programmes at urban health centres are urgently needed.
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Dr D.K. Pal
Professor & Head, Department of Community Medicine, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal,Madhya Pradesh, India.
Dr Amreen Khan
P.G. Resident, Department of Community Medicine, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal,Madhya Pradesh, India
