PREVALENCE OF VARIOUS OCULAR DISEASES IN THE FIELD PRACTICE AREA OF A TERTIARY HEALTH CENTRE OF CENTRAL INDIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
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Abstract
Background: Ocular morbidity continues to be a serious public health problem in India. The rural and semi-urban population of central India are particularly affected, as they do not have access to good eye care services. The objective of the study was to assess the frequency and type of ocular disorders in the field practice area of a tertiary health centre in central India.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was done among 400 subjects staying in the field practice area. Socio-demographic Information Was Collected Using A Structured Questionnaire All participants underwent an evaluation of their visual acuity and slit lamp biomicroscopy fundoscopy and tonometry.
Results: Out of 400 participants, a total of 168 (42%) subjects had ocular morbidities. The most common condition found was refractive error (15.5%), followed by cataract (12.5%), conjunctivitis (8.75%), presbyopia (6.5%). Less common were glaucoma (2.75%), pterygium (2.25%), vitamin A deficiency disorders (1.75%), diabetic retinopathy (1.25%) and corneal opacity (0.75%). Ocular morbidity was found to be significantly greater in females, illiterates and those above 50 years of age (p<0.05).
Conclusion: ocular morbidity was found to have a high prevalence in our study. The top two causes were refractive errors and cataract. There is an urgent need to strengthen primary eye care, community screening programs, and health education.
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Dr Amreen Khan
Casualty Medical Officer, Government Medical College Shahdol, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Dr Shoaib Arshad
Assistant professor, Department Of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College Shahdol, Madhya Pradesh, India.
