PATTERN OF OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS IN PREGNANCY AND LABOUR: A CROSS-SECTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.
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Keywords
Ocular manifestations, Pregnancy, Labour, Pregnancy-induced hypertension, Hypertensive retinopathy, Fundus changes, Pre-eclampsia, Eclampsia
Abstract
Background: The beneficial and harmful ocular manifestations in pregnancy range from benign diseases to diseases affecting visual acuity/vision-threatening diseases. Existing ocular status may be affected by hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes and existing ocular disease. The recording of these manifestations in antenatal and intrapartum period should be done systematically to initiate timely ophthalmological intervention.
Methods: a hospital-based observational study at the Department of Ophthalmology in a tertiary care teaching hospital for a period of 12 months. The study involved a total of 100 pregnant women who were admitted to the antenatal ward and labour room. A full eye assessment including checking the vision, assessment of the front of the eyes, pressure inside the eye, and dilated inside of the eye was performed.
Results: Of 100 pregnant women studied, 62 (62%) had one or the other ocular finding. The most frequent posterior segment finding was hypertensive retinopathy seen 28% of eyes. The most common fundal change observed was arteriolar narrowing (22%) followed by retinal haemorrhages (8%), cotton wool spots (6%), macular oedema (5%), and papilloedema (3%). Physiological changes such as decreased intraocular pressure (16%), dry eye/conjunctival changes (14%), and corneal oedema (8%) were common. The ocular finding was highly linked with pregnancy-induced hypertension, eclampsia, and gestational diabetes (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Ocular manifestations are common in pregnancy and labour, Most of these ocular manifestations are of hypertensive origin. There is a strong recommendation for routine ophthalmology screening of all pregnant women, especially those with hypertensive and diabetic complications.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Dr Shoaib Arshad
Assistant professor, Department Of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College Shahdol, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Dr Harshita Sharma
Medical Officer , District Hospital,Shahdol, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Dr Mahesh Banik
Senior Resident, Department Of Ophthalmology, KMSK, Govt. Medical College & Hospital, Chandrapur,Maharastra, India.
Dr Amreen Khan
Casualty Medical Officer, Government Medical College Shahdol, Madhya Pradesh, India.
