BREAST CANCER RISK AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY AND INFLUENCE OF INSULIN LEVELS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
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Keywords
Breast cancer risk, bariatric surgery, obesity, insulin levels, insulin sensitivity, estrogen, hyperinsulinemia, metabolic changes, inflammation, weight loss, cancer prevention
Abstract
Breast cancer still poses a major threat despite the numerous and commendable research on it and the development of means for its treatment yet it kills many women with obesity and it is a well-known fact that obesity increases cancer risks by causing high levels of estrogen, insulin and chronic inflammation. Bariatric surgery has been used for its ability to facilitate weight loss and for producing beneficial effects on the metabolic parameter such as insulin sensitivity. This present case control study would therefore seek to establish the link between bariatric surgery, change in the levels of insulin and reduction in breast cancer incidence. This study included 1000 post-surgical women with obesity surgery with follow-ups conducted after five years of the surgery. Overall of the points that were discovered as its estimates a clear and highly noteworthy decrease for the incidence of breast cancer, as well as it reviewed a very distinctive decrease in their pathological pre-condition, that is poor insulin sensitivity. The lower incidence of breast cancer in patients with >50% reduction in insulin levels was discovered to be 0.7% compared to 2.8% in those with persistent hyperinsulinemia. These observations indicate that enhanced metabolic status including insulin sensitivity might be necessary for the prevention of breast cancer after bariatric surgery pointing to the need for metabolic supervision of patients after the surgery.
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Saadia Muhammad
Specialist Registrar, Surgical "C" Unit, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan
Muhammad Rizwan Anwar
Assistant Professor of Surgery, DG Khan Medical College, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
Mansab Ali
Professor of Surgery, General Surgery Department, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
Imtiaz Ali Langah
Assistant Professor, General Surgery Department, People’s University of Medical and Health Sciences, Nawabshah, Pakistan
Ayesha Kousar
Master in Zoology Department of Microbiology, College for Women University, Research Assistant at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
Nusrum Iqbal
Chairman, Department of Internal Medicine, MD Health Center, Lahore, Pakistan
Muhammad Hamza Afzal
Bachelor's in Medical Laboratory Technology, Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Research Assistant at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
Ehsan Ullah
Consultant General and Laparoscopic Surgeon, General Surgery Department, Irfan General Hospital, Charsadda Road Peshawar, Pakistan