“ASSOCIATION OF DYSLIPIDEMIA, OBESITY AND METABOLIC SYNDROME WITH TARGET ORGAN DAMAGE IN ADULTS: A HOSPITAL‑BASED STUDY”
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Abstract
: Dyslipidaemia, obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are independent and synergistic drivers of target organ damage (TOD) affecting the cardiac, renal, vascular, and ocular systems.
Objectives: To assess the association of dyslipidaemia, obesity, and MetS with markers of TOD in adults attending a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in 130 adults stratified into: Group I — MetS with Obesity (n=45), Group II — Dyslipidaemia without MetS (n=45), and Group III — Controls (n=40). TOD was assessed by echocardiography (left ventricular mass index), urine albumin-creatinine ratio, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), fundoscopy, and eGFR. Binary logistic regression identified independent predictors of composite TOD.
Results: LV hypertrophy was present in 62.2%, microalbuminuria in 57.8%, abnormal CIMT in 66.7%, and hypertensive retinopathy in 53.3% of MetS+Obesity patients — all significantly higher than controls (p<0.001). Three or more TOD markers coexisted in 51.1% of MetS+Obesity patients. MetS (aOR 4.12; p=0.002), HOMA-IR ≥3.0 (aOR 3.28; p=0.007), diabetes (aOR 2.98; p=0.011), SBP ≥140 mmHg (aOR 2.84; p=0.015), and TC/HDL ratio >5 (aOR 2.44; p=0.032) were independent predictors of composite TOD.
Conclusion: MetS and insulin resistance are the strongest independent predictors of multi-organ TOD, with dyslipidaemia as a significant independent contributor, underscoring the need for comprehensive cardiometabolic risk assessment in all high-risk adults.
: Metabolic syndrome; Dyslipidaemia; Target organ damage; LV hypertrophy; Microalbuminuria; CIMT; Obesity
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Dr Sharad Mishra
Post Graduate Medical Officer (PGMO) Medicine, District Hospital Dhar MP.
Dr Pushpendra Mishra
PG Resident, Dept of General Medicine People’s Medical College Bhopal MP.
Dr Ankur Chhari
Assistant Professor, Dept of General Medicine People’s Medical College Bhopal MP.
Dr. Shweta Pandey
PG Resident, Department of Prosthodontics Crown And Bridge and Implantology Government College Of Dentistry Indore MP.
