INCIDENCE OF BIOFILM FORMATION IN VARIOUS CANDIDA SPECIES ISOLATED FROM CLINICAL SAMPLES AT GOVERNMENT MEDICAL COLLEGE, KOTA.

Abstract

Candida species are typical skin and mucosal dwellers. Given the rise in these infections during the past ten years, the significance of epidemiological monitoring of yeasts implicated in pathogenic processes is undeniable. Clinical samples were obtained and cultured from the respiratory tract (sputum, bronchial wash, tracheal secretions), saliva, blood, urine, middle ear discharge, vitreous fluid, corneal ulcer, and plastic devices (endotracheal tube, catheter tip, suction tip). The isolated species of Candida were identified. From 270 different clinical sources, 100 isolates of Candida species were found. The most isolated species was Candida albicans (39.5 %), however the most common species was Candida non-albicans (60.5%). C. albicans (20.58%) and C. krusei (38.23%) were commonly isolated in blood cultures. The most common species on the mucosal surface was Candida albicans (63.27%). Hospitalized patients were more likely to have urinary tract infections brought on by yeasts, with C. krusei (50.0%) and C. albicans (25.0%) being the most often isolated. The pathogenecity is influenced by a number of virulence factors, including biofilm, proteinase, phospholipase, etc. Clinical decision-making benefits from early discovery of Candida virulence factors. Therefore, our goal has been to show how biofilm forms using the technique suggested by Branchini et al. (1994). The Staib et al. (1965) approach was used to determine the amount of proteinase generated by Candida. The phospholipase assay was performed using the Samaranayake et al. (2005) method. Conclusions: The findings points to the possibility that the pathogenic potential of the isolates may be reflected in the ability of Candida species to form biofilm. Strong slime production was demonstrated by C. tropicalis and C. krusei. Compared to Candida albicans, the non-Candida albicans produced more proteinase. In this investigation, Candida albicans produced more phospholipase than non-Candida albicans.