CORRELATION OF BEDSIDE LACTATE LEVELS WITH MORTALITY AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN ACUTE POISONING: A COLLABORATIVE STUDY BETWEEN MEDICINE AND COMMUNITY MEDICINE
Main Article Content
Keywords
Acute poisoning, bedside lactate, organophosphate, mortality, prognosis, emergency medicine, Pakistan
Abstract
Background
Acute poisoning remains an important medical emergency, particularly in regions where pesticides and household chemicals are easily available. Early identification of high-risk patients can support timely management. Bedside lactate measurement provides a quick indication of tissue hypoxia and illness severity, but local evidence on its usefulness in poisoning cases is limited.
Methodology
This observational study was conducted in the Medicine Department Cat D Hospital, Katlang, from January 2024 to January 2025. A total of 72 patients with acute poisoning were included. Clinical details, socio-demographic features, and physiological parameters were recorded at admission. Bedside lactate levels were measured on arrival. Outcomes such as ICU admission, ventilatory support, hospital stay, and mortality were noted. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests, with p < 0.05 considered significant.
Results
Most patients were young adults aged 21–40 years, and the majority belonged to rural areas. Organophosphate poisoning was the most common type. Higher lactate levels were strongly associated with low blood pressure, low oxygen saturation, tachypnea, reduced GCS scores, and poor outcomes. Patients with lactate ≥4 mmol/L showed a significantly higher mortality rate compared to those with lower levels. Increased ICU admissions and ventilatory support were also seen in this group.
Conclusion
Bedside lactate measurement serves as a useful prognostic marker in acute poisoning. Elevated lactate at admission reflects physiological deterioration and is linked with greater risk of serious complications and death. Early lactate testing may assist in identifying patients needing urgent intensive care in resource-limited environments.
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Mehran Khan
District Medical Specialist, Cat D Hospital Katlang, Health Department, KPK, Pakistan
Shabir Ahmad
Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Poonch Medical Collage,
Rawalakot AJK, Pakistan
Saif Ur Rehman
Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Frontier Medical and Dental College (FM& DC), Abbottabad, Pakistan
Dawar Khan
Demonstrator, Department of Community Medicine, Jinnah Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
Saima Manzoor
Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Women Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
Asya Tauqir
Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Women Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan