THE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON CONGENITAL CHALLENGES In IVF NEWBORNS
Main Article Content
Keywords
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Abstract
This dissertation investigates the prevalence and nature of congenital challenges in newborns conceived through in vitro fertilization (IVF), addressing the critical question of whether these children exhibit higher rates of congenital anomalies compared to their naturally conceived counterparts. Through a comprehensive analysis of data gathered from multiple clinical settings, this research reveals that while the overall incidence of congenital anomalies in IVF-conceived infants is not significantly elevated, specific conditions, particularly cardiac and renal anomalies, show a notable increase. Additionally, maternal health factors such as advanced maternal age, pre-existing health conditions, and specific IVF protocols were found to correlate with higher risks of congenital challenges. These findings hold significant implications for healthcare practices, suggesting the need for enhanced prenatal screening and tailored monitoring for high-risk pregnancies involving IVF to mitigate potential outcomes. The research underscores the importance of informed clinical decision-making and patient education surrounding IVF processes, offering insights that can guide healthcare professionals in counseling prospective parents about the risks and benefits associated with assisted reproductive technologies. Ultimately, this study contributes to a growing body of evidence that informs both clinical practice and public health policy, advocating for further research into the long-term health outcomes of IVF-conceived children to ensure optimal care and support.
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● Mansoureh Farhangniya, Eshagh Dortaj Rabori, Ramin Mozafari Kermani, A. Haghdoost, A. Bahrampour, P. Bagheri, Paul A. L. Lancaster, et al.. "Comparison of Congenital Abnormalities of Infants Conceived by Assisted Reproductive Techniques versus Infants with Natural Conception in Tehran" International Journal of Fertility & Sterility, 2013, 217 - 224. doi: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fba257eb04c817f701da174cb58fdb53ca0498a3
● P. Sagot, S. Bechoua, C. Ferdynus, A. Facy, X. Flamm, J. Gouyon, C. Jimenez. "Similarly increased congenital anomaly rates after intrauterine insemination and IVF technologies: a retrospective cohort study." Human reproduction, 2012, 902-9 . doi: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2c66046bbb9d847d658f85c74a4b416508698480
● Zi-Ru Jiang, Yinyu Wang, Jing Lin, Jing-Jing Xu, Guolian Ding, Hefeng Huang. "Genetic and epigenetic risks of assisted reproduction" Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2017, 90-104. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2017.07.004
● M Chen, Leonie K. Heilbronn. "The health outcomes of human offspring conceived by assisted reproductive technologies (ART)" Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, 2017, 388-402. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/s2040174417000228
● . "ACOG" Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2016, e131-e146. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/ aog.0000000000001709
● Gynecologists. "Practice Bulletin No 144" Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2014, 1118-1132. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aog.0000446856.51061.3e
● Sky K. Feuer, Loretta Camarano, Paolo Rinaudo. "ART and health: clinical outcomes and insights on molecular mechanisms from rodent studies" Molecular Human Reproduction, 2012, 189-204. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gas066
● Laurent Salomon, Žarko Alfirević, Vincenzo Berghella, C. M. Bilardo, G. E. Chalouhi, Fabrício da Silva Costa, Edgar Hernández‐Andrade, et al.. "ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): performance of the routine mid‐trimester fetal ultrasound scan" Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2022, 840-856. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.24888
● Karen Stout, Curt J. Daniels, Jamil Aboulhosn, Biykem Bozkurt, Craig S. Broberg, Jack M. Colman, Stephen R. Crumb, et al.. "2018 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines" Circulation, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.1161/cir.0000000000000603
● Matheus Roque, Thor Haahr, Selmo Geber, Sandro C. Esteves, Peter Humaidan. "Fresh versus elective frozen embryo transfer in IVF/ICSI cycles: a systematic review and meta-analysis of reproductive outcomes" Human Reproduction Update, 2018, 2-14. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/ humupd/dmy033
● Phyllis Speiser, Wiebke Arlt, Richard J. Auchus, Laurence S. Baskin, Gerard S. Conway, Deborah P. Merke, Heino F. L. Meyer‐Bahlburg, et al.. "Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to Steroid 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency: An Endocrine Society* Clinical Practice Guideline" The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2018, 4043-4088. doi: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2018-01865
● Samantha C. Lean, Hayley Derricott, Rebecca L. Jones, Alexander Heazell. "Advanced maternal age and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis" PLoS ONE, 2017, e0186287-e0186287. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186287
● . "1 – Invited Speakers Abstracts" Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 2019, eA1-eA125. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2019-2500
● Jeanne‐Marie Guise. "Evidence‐Based Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynecology" 2018, 601-632. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119072980.index
● . "Current Research on Multiple Births" Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae twin research, 1994, 218-327. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0001566000001987
● Arthur A.M. Wilde, Christopher Semsarian, Manlio F. Márquez, Alireza Sepehri Shamloo, Michael J. Ackerman, Euan A. Ashley, Eduardo Back Sternick, et al.. "European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA)/Heart Rhythm Society (HRS)/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS)/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS) Expert Consensus Statement on the State of Genetic Testing for Cardiac Diseases" Heart Rhythm, 2022, e1-e60. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.03.1225
● Manoj Kumar, Devojit Kumar Sarma, Swasti Shubham, Manoj Kumawat, Vinod Verma, Anil Prakash, Rajnarayan Tiwari. "Environmental Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Exposure: Role in Non-Communicable Diseases" Frontiers in Public Health, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.3389 /fpubh.2020.553850
● Saioa Torrealday, Pinar H. Kodaman, Lubna Pal. "Premature Ovarian Insufficiency - an update on recent advances in understanding and management" F1000Research, 2017, 2069-2069. doi: https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.11948.1
● TABLEEsther H Chung, Benjamin S Harris, Suheil J Muasher, Jeffrey A Kuller. "The Risk of Congenital Anomalies by Fertility Treatment Modality." **, 2021, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih .gov/33506877/.*Note.* Adapted from The Risk of Congenital Anomalies by Fertility Treatment Modality, by Esther H Chung, Benjamin S Harris, Suheil J Muasher, Jeffrey A Kuller, 2021, Obstet Gynecol Surv, 76(1), p. 37-47. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33506877/.X J Ethan Moses, Tirsa Torres, Anna Rasmussen, Christopher George. "Congenital anomalies identified at birth among infants born following assisted reproductive technology in Colorado." *Birth Defects Research A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology*, 2014, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24532453/.*Note.* Adapted from Congenital anomalies identified at birth among infants born following assisted reproductive technology in Colorado, by X J Ethan Moses, Tirsa Torres, Anna Rasmussen, Christopher George, 2014, Birth Defects Research A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology, Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol, Vol 100, Issue 2, p. 92-99. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24532453/.J Zádori, Z Kozinszky, H Orvos, M Katona, S G Kaáli, A Pál. "The incidence of major birth defects following in vitro fertilization." **, 2003, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12735389/.*Note.* Adapted from The incidence of major birth defects following in vitro fertilization, by J Zádori, Z Kozinszky, H Orvos, M Katona, S G Kaáli, A Pál, 2003, J Assist Reprod Genet, Vol 20, Issue 3, p. 131-132. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12735389/.Ramin Mozafari Kermani, Leila Nedaeifard, Mohammad Reza Nateghi, Abolhassan Shahzadeh Fazeli, Ebrahim Ahmadi, Mohammad Ali Osia, Ebrahim Jafarzadehpour, Soudabeh Nouri. "Congenital anomalies in infants conceived by assisted reproductive techniques." *Arch Iran Med*, 2012, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22424041/.*Note.* Adapted from Congenital anomalies in infants conceived by assisted reproductive techniques, by Ramin Mozafari Kermani, Leila Nedaeifard, Mohammad Reza Nateghi, Abolhassan Shahzadeh Fazeli, Ebrahim Ahmadi, Mohammad Ali Osia, Ebrahim Jafarzadehpour, Soudabeh Nouri, 2012, Arch Iran Med, Arch Iran Med, 15(4), p. 228-31. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22424041/.Jie Bao, Lixue Chen, Yongxiu Hao, Hongping Wu, Xiaojin He, Chuncheng Lu, Xinhua Ji, Jie Qiao, Yuanyuan Wang, Hongbin Chi. "Prognosis of Congenital Anomalies in Conceptions Following In Vitro Fertilization: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study in China." *Frontiers*, 2022, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.900499/full.*Note.* Adapted from Prognosis of Congenital Anomalies in Conceptions Following In Vitro Fertilization: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study in China, by Jie Bao, Lixue Chen, Yongxiu Hao, Hongping Wu, Xiaojin He, Chuncheng Lu, Xinhua Ji, Jie Qiao, Yuanyuan Wang, Hongbin Chi, 2022, Frontiers, Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 13, Sec. Reproduction. Retrieved from https://www.frontiersin. org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.900499/full.
● TABLEHillary Klonoff-Cohen, Mounika Polavarapu. "Assessing the Relationship Between Traditional In Vitro Fertilization and Birth Defects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." *Journal of IVF-Worldwide*, 2023, https://jivfww.scholasticahq.com/article/91039-assessing-the-relationship-between-traditional-in-vitro-fertilization-and-birth-defects-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis%26quot%3B%26gt%3B.*Note.* Adapted from Assessing the Relationship Between Traditional In Vitro Fertilization and Birth Defects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, by Hillary Klonoff-Cohen, Mounika Polavarapu, 2023, Journal of IVF-Worldwide, Journal of IVF-Worldwide, Vol. 1, Issue 4. Retrieved from https://jivfww.scholasticahq.com /article/91039-assessing-the-relationship-between-traditional-in-vitro-fertilization-and-birth-defects-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis%26quot%3B%26gt%3B.Stacey A Missmer, Kimberly R Pearson, Louise M Ryan, John D Meeker, Daniel W Cramer, Russ Hauser. "Analysis of multiple-cycle data from couples undergoing in vitro fertilization: methodologic issues and statistical approaches." **, 2011, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21558857/.*Note.* Adapted from Analysis of multiple-cycle data from couples undergoing in vitro fertilization: methodologic issues and statistical approaches, by Stacey A Missmer, Kimberly R Pearson, Louise M Ryan, John D Meeker, Daniel W Cramer, Russ Hauser, 2011, Epidemiology, Vol 22, Issue 4, p. 497-504. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21558857/.Meenakshi Veeramani, Neerujah Balachandren, Yong Hwa Hong, Jiyoon Lee, Antonio F Corno, Dimitrios Mavrelos, Stavroula L Kastora. "Assisted reproduction and congenital malformations: A systematic review and meta-analysis." *Congenital Anomalies (Kyoto)*, 2024, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38577728/.*Note.* Adapted from Assisted reproduction and congenital malformations: A systematic review and meta-analysis, by Meenakshi Veeramani, Neerujah Balachandren, Yong Hwa Hong, Jiyoon Lee, Antonio F Corno, Dimitrios Mavrelos, Stavroula L Kastora, 2024, Congenital Anomalies (Kyoto), Congenit Anom (Kyoto), 64(3), p. 107-115. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ 38577728/.Letao Chen, Tubao Yang, Zan Zheng, Hong Yu, Hua Wang, Jiabi Qin. "Birth prevalence of congenital malformations in singleton pregnancies resulting from in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis." *Arch Gynecol Obstet*, 2018, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ 29497821/.*Note.* Adapted from Birth prevalence of congenital malformations in singleton pregnancies resulting from in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis, by Letao Chen, Tubao Yang, Zan Zheng, Hong Yu, Hua Wang, Jiabi Qin, 2018, Arch Gynecol Obstet, Arch Gynecol Obstet, Vol 297, Issue 5, p. 1115-1130. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29497821/.
● TABLEX J Ethan Moses, Tirsa Torres, Anna Rasmussen, Christopher George. "Congenital anomalies identified at birth among infants born following assisted reproductive technology in Colorado." *Birth Defects Research*, 2014, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24532453/.*Note.* Adapted from Congenital anomalies identified at birth among infants born following assisted reproductive technology in Colorado, by X J Ethan Moses, Tirsa Torres, Anna Rasmussen, Christopher George, 2014, Birth Defects Research, Birth Defects Research A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology, Vol 100, Issue 2, p. 92-99. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih .gov/24532453/.Christine K Olson, Kim M Keppler-Noreuil, Paul A Romitti, William T Budelier, Ginny Ryan, Amy E T Sparks, Bradley J Van Voorhis. "In vitro fertilization is associated with an increase in major birth defects." *Fertility and Sterility*, 2005, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16275219/.*Note.* Adapted from In vitro fertilization is associated with an increase in major birth defects, by Christine K Olson, Kim M Keppler-Noreuil, Paul A Romitti, William T Budelier, Ginny Ryan, Amy E T Sparks, Bradley J Van Voorhis, 2005, Fertility and Sterility, Fertil Steril, Vol 84, Issue 5, p. 1308-15. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16275219/.Christine K Olson, Kim M Keppler-Noreuil, Paul A Romitti, William T Budelier, Ginny Ryan, Amy E T Sparks, Bradley J Van Voorhis. "In vitro fertilization is associated with an increase in major birth defects." *Fertility and Sterility*, 2005, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16275219/.*Note.* Adapted from In vitro fertilization is associated with an increase in major birth defects, by Christine K Olson, Kim M Keppler-Noreuil, Paul A Romitti, William T Budelier, Ginny Ryan, Amy E T Sparks, Bradley J Van Voorhis, 2005, Fertility and Sterility, Fertil Steril, Vol 84, Issue 5, p. 1308-15. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16275219/.Christine K Olson, Kim M Keppler-Noreuil, Paul A Romitti, William T Budelier, Ginny Ryan, Amy E T Sparks, Bradley J Van Voorhis. "In vitro fertilization is associated with an increase in major birth defects." *Fertility and Sterility*, 2005, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16275219/.*Note.* Adapted from In vitro fertilization is associated with an increase in major birth defects, by Christine K Olson, Kim M Keppler-Noreuil, Paul A Romitti, William T Budelier, Ginny Ryan, Amy E T Sparks, Bradley J Van Voorhis, 2005, Fertility and Sterility, Fertil Steril, Vol 84, Issue 5, p. 1308-15. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16275219/.Jie Bao, Lixue Chen, Yongxiu Hao, Hongping Wu, Xiaojin He, Chuncheng Lu, Xinhua Ji, Jie Qiao, Yuanyuan Wang, Hongbin Chi. "Prognosis of Congenital Anomalies in Conceptions Following In Vitro Fertilization: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study in China." *Frontiers in Endocrinology*, 2022, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.900499/full.*Note.* Adapted from Prognosis of Congenital Anomalies in Conceptions Following In Vitro Fertilization: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study in China, by Jie Bao, Lixue Chen, Yongxiu Hao, Hongping Wu, Xiaojin He, Chuncheng Lu, Xinhua Ji, Jie Qiao, Yuanyuan Wang, Hongbin Chi, 2022, Frontiers in Endocrinology, Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 13. Retrieved from https://www.frontiersin.o rg/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.900499/full.
● "Overview of Maternal Health Conditions and Associated Risks during Pregnancy." pub.mdpi-res.com, 21 July 2025, https://pub.mdpi-res.com/medicina/medicina-61-01077/article_deploy/ html/images/medicina-61-01077-g001.png?1749700192.
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Dr. Anoop singh, Dr. Praveen Yadav, Dr. Sahil, & Dr. Shekhar Saini. (2025). THE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON CONGENITAL CHALLENGES In IVF NEWBORNS. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 32(3), 1454-1467. https://doi.org/10.53555/rhq08e77
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How to Cite
Dr. Anoop singh, Dr. Praveen Yadav, Dr. Sahil, & Dr. Shekhar Saini. (2025). THE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON CONGENITAL CHALLENGES In IVF NEWBORNS. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 32(3), 1454-1467. https://doi.org/10.53555/rhq08e77