RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRE-PREGNANCY BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) AND GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS (GDM): EVIDENCE FROM A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL
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Abstract
Background: Elevated body mass index (BMI) is recognized as a major risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This paper explores the relationship between BMI and GDM using data from a randomized controlled trial conducted on pregnant women.
Methods: In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, 60 pregnant women with newly diagnosed diet-controlled GDM were randomized to receive either probiotic or placebo. BMI was recorded at baseline and categorized. The relationship between BMI and glycemic parameters—fasting blood sugar (FBS), postprandial blood sugar (PPBS), insulin levels, and HOMA-IR—was analyzed.
Results: Among the study population, 41.7% were overweight and 8.3% obese. Although BMI categories did not significantly differ between treatment arms (p=0.455), glycemic parameters were influenced by BMI distribution. Women with overweight/obesity tended to have higher baseline FBS and insulin resistance indices.
Conclusion: Elevated BMI is common among pregnant women with GDM and is associated with worse metabolic profiles. Routine BMI assessment early in pregnancy is essential to stratify GDM risk and tailor early interventions.
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Drishti Rana
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India
Ishu Mehta
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India
Ashish Kumar
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India
Ashok Verma
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India
Vinay Kumar Dogra
Department of Endocrinology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India
Abhinav Gautam
Department of Pediatrics, Dr Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India
Manmeet Saini
Department of Pediatrics, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India