EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS: INSIGHTS FROM A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL

Abstract

Background: Physical inactivity is a known modifiable risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study explores the association between physical activity levels and glycemic control in women with GDM.

Methods: A total of 60 pregnant women with newly diagnosed GDM were enrolled in a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Participants’ physical activity levels were categorized as low, moderate, or high. Correlations were drawn between physical activity patterns and fasting blood sugar (FBS), postprandial blood sugar (PPBS), and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).

Results: 85% of women reported low physical activity, with only 15% engaged in moderate levels. While physical activity was not significantly different between probiotic and placebo groups, those with moderate activity tended to have better glycemic profiles, though values did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusion: The study supports existing evidence suggesting that increased physical activity may be associated with improved glycemic control in GDM. Promotion of maternal physical activity remains a critical intervention strategy.