"NEXT-FRONTIER TECHNOLOGIES IN CERVICAL CANCER PREVENTION: A GLIMPSE INTO TOMORROW’S MEDICINE"

Main Article Content

Dr Rabia Bibi
Dr Zareena Begum
Dr. Amna Najam
Sania Murad
Dr Sajida Rasheed
Dr. Amber Shams

Keywords

Abstract

The incorporation of new revolutions in health, such as AI, telehealth, nanotechnology and genomics, among others, could revolutionize cervical cancer prevention through the application of individualized, risk-stratified approaches. These developments help to identify new biomarkers for early diagnosis, survival risk and efficacy of treatment. Digital health enables data management and analysis, therefore improving disease diagnosis, treatment and drug screening. Artificial intelligence tools sift through complicated data sets to look for patterns and even to forecast what might happen, assiting caregivers with making informed decisions that enhance patient care. Integration of these technology combinations provides unprecedented opportunities for early detection, individualized management, increased availability of care, and identification of those at highest risk for, eg, cervical cancer in resource-poor countries with the potential for reducing the global burden of cervical cancer.

Abstract 127 | PDF Downloads 42

References

1. Aerts, A., & Bogdan-Martin, D. (2021). Leveraging data and AI to deliver on the promise of digital health. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 150, 104456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2021.104456
2. Alaran, M., Lawal, S. K., Jiya, M. H., Egya, S. A., Ahmed, M. M., Abdulsalam, A., Haruna, U. A., Musa, M. K., & Lucero‐Prisno, D. E. (2025). Challenges and opportunities of artificial intelligence in African health space. Digital Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241305915
3. Alum, E. U., & Ugwu, O. P.-C. (2025). Artificial intelligence in personalized medicine: transforming diagnosis and treatment. Deleted Journal, 7(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-025-06625-x
Amir, S. M., Idris, I. B., Said, Z. M., Yusoff, H. M., & Manaf, M. R. A. (2023). A Comparison of the National Cervical Cancer Policies in Six Developing Countries with the World Health Organization Recommendations: A Narrative Review [Review of A Comparison of the National Cervical Cancer Policies in Six Developing Countries with the World Health Organization Recommendations: A Narrative Review]. Iranian Journal of Public Health. Knowledge E. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v52i6.12952
4. Banumathi, K., Venkatesan, L., Benjamin, L. S., Vijayalakshmi, K., & Satchi, N. S. (2025). Reinforcement Learning in Personalized Medicine: A Comprehensive Review of Treatment Optimization Strategies [Review of Reinforcement Learning in Personalized Medicine: A Comprehensive Review of Treatment Optimization Strategies]. Cureus. Cureus, Inc. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.82756
5. Bhat, D. (2022). The ‘Why and How’ of Cervical Cancers and Genital HPV Infection [Review of The ‘Why and How’ of Cervical Cancers and Genital HPV Infection]. CytoJournal, 19, 22. Medknow. https://doi.org/10.25259/cmas_03_03_2021
6. Bhatla, N., Meena, J., Kumari, S., Banerjee, D., Singh, P., & Natarajan, J. (2021). Cervical Cancer Prevention Efforts in India [Review of Cervical Cancer Prevention Efforts in India]. Indian Journal of Gynecologic Oncology, 19(3). Springer Science+Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40944-021-00526-8
7. Bi, W. L., Hosny, A., Schabath, M. B., Giger, M. L., Birkbak, N. J., Mehrtash, A., Allison, T., Arnaout, O., Abbosh, C., Dunn, I. F., Mak, R. H., Tamimi, R. M., Tempany, C. M., Swanton, C., Hoffmann, U., Schwartz, L. H., Gillies, R. J., Huang, R. Y., & Aerts, H. J. W. L. (2019). Artificial intelligence in cancer imaging: Clinical challenges and applications [Review of Artificial intelligence in cancer imaging: Clinical challenges and applications]. CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 69(2), 127. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21552
8. Bobdey, S., Sathwara, J., Jain, A., & Balasubramaniam, G. (2016). Burden of cervical cancer and role of screening in India. Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology, 37(4), 278. https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-5851.195751
9. Bongurala, A. R., Save, D., & Virmani, A. (2025). Progressive role of artificial intelligence in treatment decision-making in the field of medical oncology. Frontiers in Medicine, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1533910
10. Bonjour, M., Charvat, H., Franco, E. L., Piñeros, M., Clifford, G. M., Bray, F., & Baussano, I. (2021). Global estimates of expected and preventable cervical cancers among girls born between 2005 and 2014: a birth cohort analysis. The Lancet Public Health, 6(7). https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(21)00046-3
11. Bosch, F. X., Tsu, V., Vorsters, A., Damme, P. V., & Kane, M. (2012). Reframing Cervical Cancer Prevention. Expanding the Field Towards Prevention of Human Papillomavirus Infections and Related Diseases [Review of Reframing Cervical Cancer Prevention. Expanding the Field Towards Prevention of Human Papillomavirus Infections and Related Diseases]. Vaccine, 30. Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.090
12. Briganti, G., & Moine, O. L. (2020). Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: Today and Tomorrow. Frontiers in Medicine, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.00027
13. Burmeister, C. A., Khan, S. F., & Prince, S. (2024). Drugs and Drug Targets for the treatment of HPV-Positive Cervical Cancer [Review of Drugs and Drug Targets for the treatment of HPV-Positive Cervical Cancer]. Tumour Virus Research, 19, 200309. Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvr.2024.200309
14. Castle, P. E. (2024). Looking Back, Moving Forward: Challenges and Opportunities for Global Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control [Review of Looking Back, Moving Forward: Challenges and Opportunities for Global Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control]. Viruses, 16(9), 1357. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16091357
15. Chang, A. (2019). The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Digital Health. In Computers in health care (p. 71). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12719-0_7
16. Chauhan, A. S., Prinja, S., Srinivasan, R., Rai, B., Malliga, J., Jyani, G., Gupta, N., & Ghoshal, S. (2020). Cost effectiveness of strategies for cervical cancer prevention in India. PLoS ONE, 15(9). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238291
17. Farina, E. M. J. de M., Nabhen, J. J., Dacoregio, M. I., Batalini, F., & Moraes, F. Y. de. (2022). An Overview of Artificial Intelligence in Oncology [Review of An Overview of Artificial Intelligence in Oncology]. Future Science OA, 8(4). Future Science Ltd. https://doi.org/10.2144/fsoa-2021-0074
18. Franco, E. L., Duarte‐Franco, E., & Ferenczy, A. (2001). Cervical cancer: epidemiology, prevention and the role of human papillomavirus infection. PubMed, 164(7), 1017. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11314432
19. Gaffney, D. K., Hashibe, M., Kepka, D., Maurer, K. A., & Werner, T. L. (2018). Too many women are dying from cervix cancer: Problems and solutions [Review of Too many women are dying from cervix cancer: Problems and solutions]. Gynecologic Oncology, 151(3), 547. Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.10.004
20. Gakidou, E., Nordhagen, S., & Obermeyer, Z. (2008). Coverage of Cervical Cancer Screening in 57 Countries: Low Average Levels and Large Inequalities. PLoS Medicine, 5(6). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0050132
21. García-Saisó, S., Martí, M., Pesce, K., Luciani, S., Mújica, Ó. J., Hennis, A., & D’Agostino, M. (2024). Artificial Intelligence as a Potential Catalyst to a More Equitable Cancer Care. JMIR Cancer, 10. https://doi.org/10.2196/57276
22. Gentile, F., & Malara, N. (2024). Artificial intelligence for cancer screening and surveillance. ESMO Real World Data and Digital Oncology, 5, 100046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esmorw.2024.100046
23. Goel, I., Bhaskar, Y., Kumar, N., Singh, S. K., Amanullah, M., Dhar, R., & Karmakar, S. (2025). Role of AI in empowering and redefining the oncology care landscape: perspective from a developing nation [Review of Role of AI in empowering and redefining the oncology care landscape: perspective from a developing nation]. Frontiers in Digital Health, 7. Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1550407
24. Haghayegh, F., Norouziazad, A., Haghani, E., Feygin, A. A., Rahimi, R. H., Ghavamabadi, H. A., Sadighbayan, D., Madhoun, F., Papagelis, M., Felfeli, T., & Salahandish, R. (2024). Revolutionary Point‐of‐Care Wearable Diagnostics for Early Disease Detection and Biomarker Discovery through Intelligent Technologies [Review of Revolutionary Point‐of‐Care Wearable Diagnostics for Early Disease Detection and Biomarker Discovery through Intelligent Technologies]. Advanced Science. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202400595
25. Harden, M. E., & Münger, K. (2016). Human papillomavirus molecular biology [Review of Human papillomavirus molecular biology]. Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research, 772, 3. Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.07.002
26. Hesse, B. W., Kwaśnicka, D., & Ahern, D. K. (2021). Emerging digital technologies in cancer treatment, prevention, and control [Review of Emerging digital technologies in cancer treatment, prevention, and control]. Translational Behavioral Medicine, 11(11), 2009. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibab033
27. Hou, X., Shen, G., Zhou, L., Li, Y., Wang, T., & Ma, X. (2022). Artificial Intelligence in Cervical Cancer Screening and Diagnosis [Review of Artificial Intelligence in Cervical Cancer Screening and Diagnosis]. Frontiers in Oncology, 12. Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.851367
28. Iqbal, M., Javed, Z., Sadia, H., Qureshi, I. A., Irshad, A., Ahmed, R., Malik, K., Raza, S., Abbas, A., Pezzani, R., & Sharifi‐Rad, J. (2021). Clinical applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning in cancer diagnosis: looking into the future [Review of Clinical applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning in cancer diagnosis: looking into the future]. Cancer Cell International, 21(1). BioMed Central. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-021-01981-1
29. Jacobs, F., D’Amico, S., Zazzetti, E., Gaudio, M., Benvenuti, C., Saltalamacchia, G., Gerosa, R., Gentile, D., Lasagna, A., Pedrazzoli, P., Tinterri, C., Santoro, A., Sanctis, R. D., Porta, M. G. D., & Zambelli, A. (2024). Digital innovations in breast cancer care: exploring the potential and challenges of digital therapeutics and clinical decision support systems [Review of Digital innovations in breast cancer care: exploring the potential and challenges of digital therapeutics and clinical decision support systems]. Digital Health, 10. SAGE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241288821
30. Li, Y.-H., Li, Y., Wei, M.-Y., & Li, G. (2024). Innovation and challenges of artificial intelligence technology in personalized healthcare [Review of Innovation and challenges of artificial intelligence technology in personalized healthcare]. Scientific Reports, 14(1). Nature Portfolio. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-70073-7
31. Lu, J., Song, E., Ghoneim, A., & Alrashoud, M. (2020). Machine learning for assisting cervical cancer diagnosis: An ensemble approach. Future Generation Computer Systems, 106, 199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2019.12.033
32. McCormack, M., Gaffney, D. K., Tan, D. S. P., Bennet, K., Chávez-Blanco, A., & Plante, M. (2021). The Cervical Cancer Research Network (Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup) roadmap to expand research in low- and middle-income countries [Review of The Cervical Cancer Research Network (Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup) roadmap to expand research in low- and middle-income countries]. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 31(5), 775. BMJ. https://doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2021-002422
33. Mishra, G., Pimple, S., & Shastri, S. S. (2016). Prevention of Cervix Cancer in India [Review of Prevention of Cervix Cancer in India]. Oncology, 91, 1. Karger Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1159/000447575
34. Momenimovahed, Z., Mazidimoradi, A., Maroofi, P., Allahqoli, L., Salehiniya, H., & Alkatout, İ. (2022). Global, regional and national burden, incidence, and mortality of cervical cancer. Cancer Reports, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.1756
35. Murillo, R., Herrero, R., Sierra, M. S., & Forman, D. (2016). Cervical cancer in Central and South America: Burden of disease and status of disease control. Cancer Epidemiology, 44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2016.07.015
36. Ngan, H., Garland, S. M., Bhatla, N., Pagliusi, S., Chan, K. K. L., Cheung, A., Chu, T., Domingo, E. J., Qiao, Y., Park, J. S., Tay, E. H., & Supakarapongkul, W. (2011). Asia Oceania Guidelines for the Implementation of Programs for Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control. Journal of Cancer Epidemiology, 2011, 1. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/794861
37. Oualikene-Gonin, W., Jaulent, M., Thierry, J.-P., Oliveira-Martins, S. de, Belgodère, L., Maison, P., & Ankri, J. (2024). Artificial intelligence integration in the drug lifecycle and in regulatory science: policy implications, challenges and opportunities. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1437167
38. Papachristou, N., Kotronoulas, G., Δικαίος, Ν., Allison, S. J., Eleftherochorinou, H., Rai, T., Kunz, H. R., Barnaghi, P., Miaskowski, C., & Bamidis, P. D. (2023). Digital Transformation of Cancer Care in the Era of Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and Data-Driven Interventions: Navigating the Field. Seminars in Oncology Nursing, 39(3), 151433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soncn.2023.151433
39. Patel, S. K., George, B., & Rai, V. (2020). Artificial Intelligence to Decode Cancer Mechanism: Beyond Patient Stratification for Precision Oncology [Review of Artificial Intelligence to Decode Cancer Mechanism: Beyond Patient Stratification for Precision Oncology]. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 11. Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.01177
40. Rock, C. L., Michael, C. W., Reynolds, R. K., & Ruffin, M. T. (2000). Prevention of cervix cancer [Review of Prevention of cervix cancer]. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology, 33(3), 169. Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1040-8428(99)00073-6
41. Sanjosé, S. de, Brotons, M., LaMontagne, D. S., & Bruni, L. (2019). Human papillomavirus vaccine disease impact beyond expectations [Review of Human papillomavirus vaccine disease impact beyond expectations]. Current Opinion in Virology, 39, 16. Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coviro.2019.06.006

42. Sankaranarayanan, R., Bhatla, N., Gravitt, P. E., Basu, P., Esmy, P. O., Ashrafunnessa, K. S., Ariyaratne, Y., Shah, A., & Nene, B. M. (2008). Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Cancer Prevention in India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal [Review of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Cancer Prevention in India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal]. Vaccine, 26. Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.05.005
43. Shandilya, G., Gupta, S., Almogren, A., Bharany, S., Altameem, A., Rehman, A. U., & Hussen, S. (2024). Enhancing advanced cervical cell categorization with cluster-based intelligent systems by a novel integrated CNN approach with skip mechanisms and GAN-based augmentation. Scientific Reports, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80260-1
44. Sharma, J., Madhavi, Y., & Priyanka, Y. (2023). Screening Guidelines and Programs for Cervical Cancer Control in Countries of Different Economic Groups: A Narrative Review [Review of Screening Guidelines and Programs for Cervical Cancer Control in Countries of Different Economic Groups: A Narrative Review]. Cureus. Cureus, Inc. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.41098
45. Sherris, J., Agurto, I., Arrossi, S., Dzuba, I. G., Gaffikin, L., Herdman, C., Limpaphayom, K., & Luciani, S. (2005). Advocating for cervical cancer prevention [Review of Advocating for cervical cancer prevention]. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 89. Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2005.01.010
46. Singh, D., Vignat, J., Lorenzoni, V., Eslahi, M., Ginsburg, O., Lauby-Secretan, B., Arbyn, M., Basu, P., Bray, F., & Vaccarella, S. (2022). Global estimates of incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in 2020: a baseline analysis of the WHO Global Cervical Cancer Elimination Initiative. The Lancet Global Health, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00501-0
47. Thacharodi, A., Singh, P., Meenatchi, R., Ahmed, Z., Kumar, R. R. S., Neha, V., Kavish, S., Maqbool, M., & Hassan, S. (2024). Revolutionizing healthcare and medicine: The impact of modern technologies for a healthier future—A comprehensive review [Review of Revolutionizing healthcare and medicine: The impact of modern technologies for a healthier future—A comprehensive review]. Health Care Science, 3(5), 329. https://doi.org/10.1002/hcs2.115
48. Tiwari, A., Mishra, S. N., & Kuo, T. (2025). Current AI technologies in cancer diagnostics and treatment [Review of Current AI technologies in cancer diagnostics and treatment]. Molecular Cancer, 24(1). BioMed Central. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-025-02369-9
49. Torode, J., Kithaka, B., Chowdhury, R., Simelela, N., Cruz, J. L., & Tsu, V. (2021). National action towards a world free of cervical cancer for all women. Preventive Medicine, 144, 106313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106313
50. Vargas-Santiago, M., León-Velasco, D. A., Maldonado-Sifuentes, C. E., & Chanona-Hernández, L. (2025). A State-of-the-Art Review of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Applications in Healthcare: Advances in Diabetes, Cancer, Epidemiology, and Mortality Prediction [Review of A State-of-the-Art Review of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Applications in Healthcare: Advances in Diabetes, Cancer, Epidemiology, and Mortality Prediction]. Computers, 14(4), 143. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14040143
51. Varnosfaderani, S. M., & Forouzanfar, M. (2024). The Role of AI in Hospitals and Clinics: Transforming Healthcare in the 21st Century. Bioengineering, 11(4), 337. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11040337
52. Villa, L. L. (2012). Cervical Cancer in Latin America and the Caribbean: The Problem and the Way to Solutions. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 21(9), 1409. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-12-0147
53. Wu, E. S., Jerónimo, J., & Feldman, S. (2017). Barriers and Challenges to Treatment Alternatives for Early-Stage Cervical Cancer in Lower-Resource Settings [Review of Barriers and Challenges to Treatment Alternatives for Early-Stage Cervical Cancer in Lower-Resource Settings]. Journal of Global Oncology, 3(5), 572. American Society of Clinical Oncology. https://doi.org/10.1200/jgo.2016.007369
54. Wu, T., Lucas, É., Zhao, F., Basu, P., & Qiao, Y. (2024). Artificial intelligence strengthenes cervical cancer screening – present and future [Review of Artificial intelligence strengthenes cervical cancer screening – present and future]. Cancer Biology and Medicine, 1. Chinese Anti-Cancer Association. https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0198

Most read articles by the same author(s)