EFFECT OF STORAGE ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF WASTE-BASED READY-TO-USE THERAPEUTIC FOOD (RUTF) FORMULATED FROM INDIGENOUS SEED FLOURS FOR ACUTE MALNUTRITION MANAGEMENT
Main Article Content
Keywords
Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food, Malnutrition, Physicochemical, Antioxidant, Nutrient
Abstract
This study sought to formulate and assess a Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) designed to address severe acute malnutrition (SAM) using RUTF made from the flours of waste seeds of pumpkins, watermelons, melons, soybeans and sunflowers. The research investigated the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of RUTF samples with different ratios of seed flour over 360 days of storage. Water activity, peroxide and acid values, total flavonoid content, and some sensory attributes were measured. The results demonstrated that higher amounts of pumpkin, watermelon, and melon seeds (T3) improved oxidative stability, reduced rancidity, and enhanced the antioxidant potential of the product. The findings support the feasibility of using nutrient-rich waste seed flours to produce cost-effective, shelf-stable in RUTF that addresses malnutrition in underprivileged regions.
References
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14. Choudhury, N., T. Ahmed, M. I. Hossain, M. M. Islam, S. A. Sarker, M. Zeilani and J. D. Clemens. 2018. Ready-to-use therapeutic food made from locally available food ingredients is well accepted by children having severe acute malnutrition in Bangladesh. Food and nutrition bulletin. 39(1):116-126.
15. Coradi, P.C., A.E.M.D. Souza, and M.C.R.Z. Borges. 2017. Yield and acidity indices of sunflower and soybean oils in function of grain drying and storage. Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy. 39(2):255-266.
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18. Hadi, S.R. Amani, M.M. Tehrani, V. Hadi, S. Hejri. 2022. Askari. Ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) formulations with functional food and nutrient density for the treatment of malnutrition in crisis. International Journal of Preventive Medicine. 13(1):16.
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21. Ijarotimi, O.S., O.A. Wumi-Adefaye, T.D. Oluwajuyitan and O.R. Oloniyo. 2022. Processed white melon seed flour: Chemical composition, antioxidant, angiotensin-1-converting and carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties. Applied Food Research. 2(1):100074.
22. Javed, F., M.K. Sharif, I. Pasha and A. Jamil. 2021. Probing the nutritional quality of ready-to-use therapeutic foods developed from locally grown peanut, chickpea and mung bean for tackling malnutrition. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 58(1):1-20.
23. Karale, P., S. C. Dhawale and M. A. Karale. 2022. Quantitative Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant and Lipase Inhibitory Potential of Leaves of Momordica charantia L. and Psoralea corylifolia L. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 84(1):189-196.
24. Kureishy, S., M. Callaghan-Gillespie, G.N. Khan, A. Habib, M. Jenkins, K.M. Ahmed, B. Achakzai, S. de Pee, M. Manary, C. Garzon and S. Soofi. 2019. Comparison of treatment of severe acute malnutrition with ready-to-use therapeutic food and ready-to-use-supplementary food: Research plans in Pakistan. Field Exchange issue. 6(2):1-2.
25. Malencic, D., J. Cvejic and J. Miladinovic. 2012. Polyphenol content and antioxidant properties of colored soybean seeds from Central Europe. Journal of Medicinal Food. 15(1):89-95.
26. Malencic, D., J. Cvejic and J. Miladinovic. 2012. Polyphenol content and antioxidant properties of colored soybean seeds from Central Europe. Journal of Medicinal Food. 15(1):89-95.
27. Meghwar, P., S. M. G. Saeed, A. Ullah, E. Nikolakakis, E. Panagopoulou, A. Tsoupras, S. Smaoui and A. M. Khaneghah. 2024. Nutritional Benefits of Bioactive Compounds from Watermelon: A Comprehensive Review. Food Bioscience. 61:104609.
28. Mohamed, S.A., M.A. Awad, E.R.F. El-Dengawy, H.M. Abdel-Mageed, M.O. El-Badry, H.A. Salah, A.M. Abdel-Aty, and A.S. Fahmy. 2016. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities of sixteen commercial date cultivars grown in Saudi Arabia. RSC Advances. 6(50):44814-44819.
29. Montogmery, D.C. 2013. Design and analysis of experiments 7th ed. John Wiley and Sons. Inc. Honkon, NJ, USA. 1-656.
30. Mousties, C., C.B. Lacanal, Y. Hemery, B. Barea, P. Villeneuve, A. Servent, P. Alter, M. Lebrun, A. Laillou, F. Wieringa and S. Avallone. 2022. Nutritional quality of Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Foods: focus on lipid composition and vitamin content. OCL Oilseeds and fats crops and lipids. 29:13.
31. Neglo, D., C.O. Tettey, E.K. Essuman, N.K. Kortei, A.A. Boakye, G. Hunkpe, F. Amarh, P. Kwashie and W.S. Devi. 2021. Comparative antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the peels, rind, pulp and seeds of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) fruit. Scientific African. 11:00582.
32. Nyam, K.L., M. Lau and C.P. Tan. 2013. Fibre from pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) seeds and rinds: physico-chemical properties, antioxidant capacity and application as bakery product ingredients. Malaysian Journal of Nutrition. 19(1).
33. Olubunmi, I.P., A.A. Olajumoke, J.A. Bamidele and O.F. Omolara. 2019. Phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of golden melon (Cucumis melo L.) seeds for functional food application. International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review. 25(2):1-13.
34. Pandav, G.N., Q.M. Nagadia, P.R. Solanki, R.S. Thanvi, N.P. Dhamecha and N.H. Patel 2020. Home Based Food Supplemented With RUTF (Ready To Use Therapeutic Food) Versus Only Home Based Food for Post Discharge Rehabilitation Phase Weight Gain in Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition. International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases. 10(4):223-226.
35. Pizarro, C., I. Esteban-Díez, S. Rodríguez-Tecedor and J.M. Gonzalez-Saiz. 2013. Determination of the peroxide value in extra virgin olive oils through the application of the stepwise orthogonalisation of predictors to mid-infrared spectra. Food control. 34(1):58-167.
36. Sahin, E., E. Erem, M. Guzey, M. S. Kesen, N. C. Icyer, D. Ozmen, O. S. Toker and H. Cakmak. 2022. High potential food wastes: Evaluation of melon seeds as spreadable butter. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation. 46(10):16841.
37. Saleem, J., R. Zakar, G.M.J. Bukhari, M. Naz, F. Mushtaq and F. Fischer. 2021. Effectiveness of ready-to-use therapeutic food in improving the developmental potential and weight of children aged under five with severe acute malnourishment in Pakistan: a pretest-posttest study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 18(17):1-19.
38. Seidu, K.T. and O.L. Otutu. 2016. Phytochemical composition and radical scavenging activities of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) seed constituents. Croatian journal of food science and technology. 8(2):83-89.
39. Sharma, S. and V.K. Jain. 2015. Acid value of various domestic uses oil. Research Journal of Science and Technology. 7(2):109-110.
40. Tabiri, B., J.K. Agbenorhevi, F.D.W. Manu and E.I. Ompouma. 2016. Watermelon seeds as food: Nutrient composition, phytochemicals and antioxidant activity.
41. Yamauchi, M., Y. Kitamura, H. Nagano, J. Kawatsu and H. Gotoh. 2024. DPPH measurements and structure activity relationship studies on the antioxidant capacity of phenols. Antioxidants. 13(3):309.
42. Yazew, T. 2022. Therapeutic food development from maize grains, pulses, and cooking banana fruits for the prevention of severe acute malnutrition. The Scientific World Journal. (1):3547266.
2. Akram, A., M.S. Channarh and A. Ahmad. 2016. Breast Feeding and weaning practices in rural areas: its relation to malnutrition in children less than one year of age. Journal of University Medical & Dental College. 7(4):25-29.
3. Alfawaz, M.A., 2004. Chemical composition and oil characteristics of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed kernels. Food Science and Agriculture. 2(1):5-18.
4. Alfawaz, M.A., 2004. Chemical composition and oil characteristics of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed kernels. Food Science and Agriculture. 2(1):5-18.
5. Alshehry, G.A., 2020. Preparation and nutritional properties of cookies from the partial replacement of wheat flour using pumpkin seeds powder.2020. World Journal of Environmental Biosciences.9(2):48-56.
6. Andjelkovic, M., J.Van Camp, A. Trawka. And R. Verhé.2010. Phenolic compounds and some quality parameters of pumpkin seed oil. European journal of lipid science and technology.112(2):208-217.
7. AOAC (Association of the Official Analytical Chemists). 2019. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, 21st ed. Washington, DC, USA.
8. Asen, N.D., A.T. Badamasi, J.T. Gborigo, R.E. Aluko and A.T. Girgih. 2021. Comparative evaluation of the antioxidant properties of whole peanut flour, defatted peanut protein meal and peanut protein concentrate. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems. 5(3):e765364.
9. Asim, M. and Y. Nawaz. 2018. Child malnutrition in Pakistan: evidence from literature. Children. 5(5):60.
10. Benmeziane, F. and Derradji. 2023. Composition, bioactive potential and food applications of watermelon (citrullus lanatus) seeds–a review. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 17(5):5045-5061.
11. Buthelezi, N.M.D., S.Z. Tesfay, K. Ncama and L.S. Magwaza. 2019. Destructive and non-destructive techniques used for quality evaluation of nuts: A review. Scientia Horticulturae. 247:138-146.
12. Campos, R.C., P.C. Correa, I.R. Zaidan, U.R. Zaidan and R.A Leite. 2019. Moisture sorption isotherms of sunflower seeds: Thermodynamic analysis. Ciência e Agrotecnologia. 43:011619.
13. Canneddu, G., L.C.C. Júnior and G.H. Teixeira. 2016. Quality evaluation of shelled and unshelled macadamia nuts by means of near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIR). Journal of food science. 81(7):C1613-C1621.
14. Choudhury, N., T. Ahmed, M. I. Hossain, M. M. Islam, S. A. Sarker, M. Zeilani and J. D. Clemens. 2018. Ready-to-use therapeutic food made from locally available food ingredients is well accepted by children having severe acute malnutrition in Bangladesh. Food and nutrition bulletin. 39(1):116-126.
15. Coradi, P.C., A.E.M.D. Souza, and M.C.R.Z. Borges. 2017. Yield and acidity indices of sunflower and soybean oils in function of grain drying and storage. Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy. 39(2):255-266.
16. Dotto, J. M. and J. S. Chacha. 2020. The potential of pumpkin seeds as a functional food ingredient: A review. Scientific African. 10:e00575.
17. Gagour, J., M.N. Ahmed, H.A. Bouzid. S. Oubannin, L. Bijla, M. Ibourki, A. Hajib, J. Koubachi, H. Harhar and S. Gharby. 2022. Proximate composition, physicochemical, and lipids profiling and elemental profiling of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) grown in Morocco. Evidence‐Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. (1):3505943.
18. Hadi, S.R. Amani, M.M. Tehrani, V. Hadi, S. Hejri. 2022. Askari. Ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) formulations with functional food and nutrient density for the treatment of malnutrition in crisis. International Journal of Preventive Medicine. 13(1):16.
19. Hagos, M., B.S. Chandravanshi, M. Redi-Abshiro and E.E. Yaya. 2023. Determination of total phenolic, total flavonoid, ascorbic acid contents and antioxidant activity of pumpkin flesh, peel and seeds. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia. 37(5):1093-1108.
20. Idris, F., I. N. Zulkipli, K. H. Abdul-Mumin, S. R. Ahmad, S. Mitha, H. A. Rahman, R. Rajabalaya, S. R. David and L. Naing. 2021. Academic experiences, physical and mental health impact of COVID-19 pandemic on students and lecturers in health care education. BMC medical Education. 21(1):1-13.
21. Ijarotimi, O.S., O.A. Wumi-Adefaye, T.D. Oluwajuyitan and O.R. Oloniyo. 2022. Processed white melon seed flour: Chemical composition, antioxidant, angiotensin-1-converting and carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties. Applied Food Research. 2(1):100074.
22. Javed, F., M.K. Sharif, I. Pasha and A. Jamil. 2021. Probing the nutritional quality of ready-to-use therapeutic foods developed from locally grown peanut, chickpea and mung bean for tackling malnutrition. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 58(1):1-20.
23. Karale, P., S. C. Dhawale and M. A. Karale. 2022. Quantitative Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant and Lipase Inhibitory Potential of Leaves of Momordica charantia L. and Psoralea corylifolia L. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 84(1):189-196.
24. Kureishy, S., M. Callaghan-Gillespie, G.N. Khan, A. Habib, M. Jenkins, K.M. Ahmed, B. Achakzai, S. de Pee, M. Manary, C. Garzon and S. Soofi. 2019. Comparison of treatment of severe acute malnutrition with ready-to-use therapeutic food and ready-to-use-supplementary food: Research plans in Pakistan. Field Exchange issue. 6(2):1-2.
25. Malencic, D., J. Cvejic and J. Miladinovic. 2012. Polyphenol content and antioxidant properties of colored soybean seeds from Central Europe. Journal of Medicinal Food. 15(1):89-95.
26. Malencic, D., J. Cvejic and J. Miladinovic. 2012. Polyphenol content and antioxidant properties of colored soybean seeds from Central Europe. Journal of Medicinal Food. 15(1):89-95.
27. Meghwar, P., S. M. G. Saeed, A. Ullah, E. Nikolakakis, E. Panagopoulou, A. Tsoupras, S. Smaoui and A. M. Khaneghah. 2024. Nutritional Benefits of Bioactive Compounds from Watermelon: A Comprehensive Review. Food Bioscience. 61:104609.
28. Mohamed, S.A., M.A. Awad, E.R.F. El-Dengawy, H.M. Abdel-Mageed, M.O. El-Badry, H.A. Salah, A.M. Abdel-Aty, and A.S. Fahmy. 2016. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities of sixteen commercial date cultivars grown in Saudi Arabia. RSC Advances. 6(50):44814-44819.
29. Montogmery, D.C. 2013. Design and analysis of experiments 7th ed. John Wiley and Sons. Inc. Honkon, NJ, USA. 1-656.
30. Mousties, C., C.B. Lacanal, Y. Hemery, B. Barea, P. Villeneuve, A. Servent, P. Alter, M. Lebrun, A. Laillou, F. Wieringa and S. Avallone. 2022. Nutritional quality of Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Foods: focus on lipid composition and vitamin content. OCL Oilseeds and fats crops and lipids. 29:13.
31. Neglo, D., C.O. Tettey, E.K. Essuman, N.K. Kortei, A.A. Boakye, G. Hunkpe, F. Amarh, P. Kwashie and W.S. Devi. 2021. Comparative antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the peels, rind, pulp and seeds of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) fruit. Scientific African. 11:00582.
32. Nyam, K.L., M. Lau and C.P. Tan. 2013. Fibre from pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) seeds and rinds: physico-chemical properties, antioxidant capacity and application as bakery product ingredients. Malaysian Journal of Nutrition. 19(1).
33. Olubunmi, I.P., A.A. Olajumoke, J.A. Bamidele and O.F. Omolara. 2019. Phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of golden melon (Cucumis melo L.) seeds for functional food application. International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review. 25(2):1-13.
34. Pandav, G.N., Q.M. Nagadia, P.R. Solanki, R.S. Thanvi, N.P. Dhamecha and N.H. Patel 2020. Home Based Food Supplemented With RUTF (Ready To Use Therapeutic Food) Versus Only Home Based Food for Post Discharge Rehabilitation Phase Weight Gain in Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition. International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases. 10(4):223-226.
35. Pizarro, C., I. Esteban-Díez, S. Rodríguez-Tecedor and J.M. Gonzalez-Saiz. 2013. Determination of the peroxide value in extra virgin olive oils through the application of the stepwise orthogonalisation of predictors to mid-infrared spectra. Food control. 34(1):58-167.
36. Sahin, E., E. Erem, M. Guzey, M. S. Kesen, N. C. Icyer, D. Ozmen, O. S. Toker and H. Cakmak. 2022. High potential food wastes: Evaluation of melon seeds as spreadable butter. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation. 46(10):16841.
37. Saleem, J., R. Zakar, G.M.J. Bukhari, M. Naz, F. Mushtaq and F. Fischer. 2021. Effectiveness of ready-to-use therapeutic food in improving the developmental potential and weight of children aged under five with severe acute malnourishment in Pakistan: a pretest-posttest study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 18(17):1-19.
38. Seidu, K.T. and O.L. Otutu. 2016. Phytochemical composition and radical scavenging activities of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) seed constituents. Croatian journal of food science and technology. 8(2):83-89.
39. Sharma, S. and V.K. Jain. 2015. Acid value of various domestic uses oil. Research Journal of Science and Technology. 7(2):109-110.
40. Tabiri, B., J.K. Agbenorhevi, F.D.W. Manu and E.I. Ompouma. 2016. Watermelon seeds as food: Nutrient composition, phytochemicals and antioxidant activity.
41. Yamauchi, M., Y. Kitamura, H. Nagano, J. Kawatsu and H. Gotoh. 2024. DPPH measurements and structure activity relationship studies on the antioxidant capacity of phenols. Antioxidants. 13(3):309.
42. Yazew, T. 2022. Therapeutic food development from maize grains, pulses, and cooking banana fruits for the prevention of severe acute malnutrition. The Scientific World Journal. (1):3547266.
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Sep 19, 2024
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Bakhtawar Saleem, Rizwana Batool, Aysha Sameen, Aqsa Parveen, Arjumand Shahzad, & Aimen Sultan. (2024). EFFECT OF STORAGE ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF WASTE-BASED READY-TO-USE THERAPEUTIC FOOD (RUTF) FORMULATED FROM INDIGENOUS SEED FLOURS FOR ACUTE MALNUTRITION MANAGEMENT. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(9), 4233-4243. https://doi.org/10.53555/72q9b384
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Author Biographies
Bakhtawar Saleem
PhD Scholar, Department of Food Science and Technology, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Rizwana Batool
Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Aysha Sameen
Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Aqsa Parveen
PhD Scholar, Department of Food Science and Technology, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Arjumand Shahzad
Mphil Scholar, Department of Food Science and Technology, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Aimen Sultan
Community Nutritionist in Japan International Cooperation Agency
How to Cite
Bakhtawar Saleem, Rizwana Batool, Aysha Sameen, Aqsa Parveen, Arjumand Shahzad, & Aimen Sultan. (2024). EFFECT OF STORAGE ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF WASTE-BASED READY-TO-USE THERAPEUTIC FOOD (RUTF) FORMULATED FROM INDIGENOUS SEED FLOURS FOR ACUTE MALNUTRITION MANAGEMENT. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(9), 4233-4243. https://doi.org/10.53555/72q9b384