UNRAVELING THE TAPESTRY: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS DIVERSITY IN PAKISTANI LIVESTOCK AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH
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Keywords
Pakistani livestock, genetic diversity, Echinococcus granulosus, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), zoonotic, prevalence patterns, public health implications
Abstract
Introduction: The exploration of genetic diversity among Echinococcus granulosus strains in Pakistani livestock is pivotal for understanding the intricate dynamics of cystic echinococcosis. This section provides an overview of the significance of the study, emphasizing the need for a nuanced understanding of the parasite's genetic landscape. The introduction highlights the potential implications for disease transmission and zoonotic spillover, setting the stage for the detailed exploration of genetic markers and their association with livestock environments.
Methodology: The utilization of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to identify genetic markers is detailed, along with the statistical analyses conducted, including the Chi-Square test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The methodology provides a transparent and replicable framework for the identification of genetic diversity, tracking prevalence, and assessing the association with specific livestock environments.
Results: Our results showcasing the identified genetic markers, prevalence patterns, and their association with diverse farming and slaughterhouse settings. The statistically significant differences uncovered through ANOVA and the Chi-Square test offer a comprehensive understanding of the environmental factors influencing Echinococcus granulosus transmission. The results highlight the multifaceted nature of the genetic diversity and prevalence patterns observed in Pakistani livestock.
Conclusion: The conclusion synthesizes the key findings, emphasizing their implications for public health in Pakistan. The discussion encompasses the predictive role of genetic markers, the imperative assessment of zoonotic spillover risk, and the foundation they provide for tailored interventions. The proactive nature of public health strategies, grounded in genetic knowledge, is underscored. The conclusion positions the research within the broader context of cystic echinococcosis management, contributing to informed policies and interventions for effective control.
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Inam-u-llah
The Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Haripur, Pakistan
Dr. Humera Nazir
Assistant professor in Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan Pakistan
Dr Mizna Arif
Associate Professor Pathology, King Edward Medical University, Lahore Pakistan
Dr Irum Javid
Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University, Quetta Pakistan
Eina Hoor Hashmi
MBBS Student, Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore Pakistan
Rabiya Naz
Department of Allied Health Sciences, Iqra University Chak Shahzad Campus, Islamabad Pakistan
Muhammad Akbar Shahid
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bosan Road, 60800, Multan, Pakistan
Nabiha Naeem
Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore Pakistan