RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VITAMIN D LEVELS AND RADIOGRAPHIC SEVERITY OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS IN MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS
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Keywords
Radiographic severity., Kellgren–Lawrence grading, 25-hydroxyvitamin, Vitamin D deficiency, Knee osteoarthritis
Abstract
Background: Knee osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disorder associated with pain, reduced mobility, and functional impairment. Vitamin D plays an important role in bone metabolism and musculoskeletal health. Its association with the radiographic severity of knee osteoarthritis remains an important area of investigation.
Aim: To evaluate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and radiographic severity of knee osteoarthritis in middle-aged adults.
Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 150 patients aged 40–59 years diagnosed with primary knee osteoarthritis. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were categorised as deficient (<20 ng/mL), insufficient (20–29 ng/mL), or sufficient (≥30 ng/mL). Radiographic severity was assessed using the Kellgren–Lawrence classification. The association between vitamin D status and osteoarthritis severity was evaluated using categorical analysis and correlation analysis.
Results: Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 82 patients (54.7%), insufficiency in 40 (26.7%), and sufficient vitamin D levels in 28 (18.6%). Severe radiographic osteoarthritis (Kellgren–Lawrence Grades III–IV) was reported in 75.6% of patients with vitamin D deficiency, compared with 55.0% of those with insufficient levels and 28.6% of those with sufficient levels. The reported correlation between serum vitamin D levels and osteoarthritis severity was moderately negative (r = −0.48, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Lower serum vitamin D levels were associated with greater radiographic severity of knee osteoarthritis in the reported study data. Further prospective research is required to clarify this relationship and determine whether vitamin D correction influences osteoarthritis progression.
Keywords: Knee osteoarthritis; Vitamin D deficiency; 25-hydroxyvitamin D; Kellgren–Lawrence grading; Radiographic severity.
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