PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING , ISOLATION AND SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM DIFFERENT PARTS OF HELICTERES ISORA
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Keywords
Helicteres isora, Phytochemical, Column chromatography, Thin-layer chromatography and UV–Visible spectroscopy.
Abstract
Helicteres isora is a well-known traditional medicinal plant widely used for treating various ailments such as gastrointestinal disorders, infections, and inflammation. However, systematic comparative studies on different plant parts using modern analytical techniques remain limited. Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition, extraction yield, and isolation as well as spectroscopic characterization of different parts (leaves, stem, root, and fruit) of Helicteres isora. Materials and Methods: Dried plant materials underwent Soxhlet extraction with petroleum ether and methanol. Qualitative phytochemical screening followed standard methods, while total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were quantified using the Folin–Ciocalteu and aluminium chloride methods, respectively. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) provided preliminary profiling, and column chromatography facilitated fractionation. Isolated fractions were characterized using UV–Visible spectroscopy, FTIR, ¹H NMR, and mass spectrometry. Results: Methanolic extracts showed higher extraction yields compared to petroleum ether extracts across all plant parts. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, tannins, phenolics, and saponins. The TPC values were found to be 42.80, 105.62, 53.22, and 49.02 mg/g for leaves, stem, root, and fruit, respectively, while TFC values were 159.33, 248.03, 232.03, and 218.66 mg/g. TLC analysis revealed distinct Rf values corresponding to phenolics, triterpenoids, sterols, and flavonoids. Column chromatography successfully isolated bioactive fractions, which were further confirmed through spectroscopic techniques. Mass spectrometry indicated the presence of phenolic, triterpenoid, sterol, and flavonoid compounds in different plant parts. Conclusion The study demonstrates that Helicteres isora is a rich source of bioactive phytoconstituents, particularly phenolics and flavonoids, with significant variation across different plant parts. These findings support the potential use of this plant in pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications and provide a basis for further isolation and biological evaluation of its active constituents.
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Dr. Asha Verma
Professor, Department of chemistry , Govt. Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee science and commerce college Kolar, Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh)
Vivekanand Ahirwar
Research scholar , Department of chemistry, Govt. Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee science and commerce college Kolar, Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh)
