DIAGNOSTIC AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF HSCRP, H-FABP, MMP-9, AND PAPP-A IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME: A CASE–CONTROL STUDY
Main Article Content
Keywords
Acute Coronary Syndrome, HsCRP, H-FABP, MMP-9, PAPP-A, Cardiac Biomarkers
Abstract
Background:
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early diagnosis of myocardial injury and plaque instability is critical for improving patient outcomes. Novel biomarkers such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP), heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) have been proposed as useful indicators of inflammation and plaque instability.
Methods:
A case–control study was conducted, including 110 patients with ACS and 110 age-matched healthy controls. Serum levels of HsCRP, H-FABP, MMP-9, and PAPP-A were measured along with conventional cardiac biomarkers, including CK-MB, Troponin-I, and IMA. Statistical comparisons between groups were performed using appropriate parametric and non-parametric tests.
Results:
All evaluated biomarkers were significantly elevated among ACS patients compared to controls (p < 0.001). Mean HsCRP levels were 4.8 ± 1.59 in ACS patients compared to 0.47 ± 0.25 in controls. H-FABP levels were 36.79 ± 4.26 in ACS patients versus 0.54 ± 0.26 in controls. Median MMP-9 levels were 4000 pg/mL in ACS patients compared to 87 pg/mL in controls. PAPP-A levels were significantly higher in ACS patients (65.37 ± 1.05 ng/mL) than in controls (10.86 ± 1.04 ng/mL).
Conclusion:
HsCRP, H-FABP, MMP-9, and PAPP-A demonstrate strong diagnostic significance in ACS patients and may enhance early detection when used alongside conventional cardiac biomarkers.
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Amrendra Mani Patel
Research Scholar, Dept of Biochemistry, IMCH&RC, Indore
Dr. Shreya Nigoskar
Professor, Dept of Biochemistry, IMCH&RC, Indore
