A STUDY OF LIPID PROFILE AND THYROID HORMONE STATUS IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS ATTENDING THE DEPTARTMENT OF GENERAL MEDICINE, BANKURA SAMMILANI MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, BANKURA
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Keywords
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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) encompasses a spectrum of different pathophysiologycal processes associated with abnormal kidney function and progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate. Now the recently updated classification in which stages of CKD are stratified by estimated GFR and the degree of Albuminuria in order to predict the risk of progression of CKD. Previously CKD has been staged solely by the GFR. However the risk of worsening of the kidney function is closely linked to the amount of albuminuria and so it has been incorporated into the classification1.
References
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2. Neil Turner, Norbert Lameire, David J.Goldsmith, Christopher G.Winearls, Jonathan Himmrlferb, Giuseppe Remuzzi oxford Textbook of clinica Nephrology 4th ed.Vol.1 Oxford University Press, Section 5,Chapter94, Chronic kidney disease:743-754.
3. Levey, A.S, Eckardt, K.U,Tsukamoto,Y,et al.(205). Definition and classification of chronic kidney disease: a position statement from kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO).Kidney Int,67,2089-100.
4. Levey, A.S.,De Jong , P.E,Coresh, J,et al.(2011). The definition, classification, and prognosis of chronic kidney disease: a KDIGO Controversies Conference report. Kidney Int, 80,17-28.
5. Current Chronic kidney disease(CKD) Nomenclature used by KDIGO .Kidney international Supplements KDIGO,2013;Chapter 1 Definition and classicification of CKD 5
6. Olechnowicz-Tietz S, Gluba A, ParadowskaA,Banach M, RyszJ,The risk of atherosclerosis in patients with chronic kidney disease. IntUrol nephrol.2013;45(6):1605-12.
7. Modi GK, Jha V. The incidence of end-stage renal disease in ndia: a population based study. Kidney International,2006;70:2131-2133
8. Marten W.Taal, Glenn M. Chertow, Phililip A. Marsden,KarlSkorecki, Alan S.L.Yu,BarryM. Brenner Brenner& Rector’s .The kidney, 9th ed. Elesevier Saunders. Chapter 81. Indian Subcontinent.2770-2785.
9. Mani MK. The management of end-stage renal disease in india.Artif Organs.1998; 22:182-186.
10. AgarwalSK,Dash SC, Irshad M, et al . Prevalnence of chronic renal failure in adults in Delhi, India. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005;20: 1638-1642.
11. Thomas R,KansoA,SedorJR.Chronic kidney disease and its complications. Prim care.2008; 35(2):329-44.
12. Atman PO,SamuelssonO,AlaupovicP.The effect of decreasing renal function on lipoprotein profiles.Nephrol Dial Transplnt.2011;26(8):2572-5.
13. SarnakMJ,Levey AS, SchoolwerthAC,CoreshJ,CulletonB,HammnLL,etal.Kidney disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease a statement from the American Heart Association controls on Kidney in cardiovascular disease,high blood pressure research, Clinical cardiology, and epidemiology and prevention,Circulation.2003;108(17):2154-69
14. MajumderA,WheelerDC.Lipoid abnormalities in renal disease. J R Soc Med.2000;93:178-182.
15. ManttariM,TiulaE,Alikoski T.et l.Effects of hypertention and dyslipidaemia on the decline in renal function. Hypertention .1995;26:670-675.
16. Neil Turner,NorbertLameire, David J.Goldsmith, Christopher G.Winearls, Jonathan Himmrlferb, Giuseppe Remuzzi oxford Textbook of clinica Nephrology 4th ed.Vol.1 Oxford University Press, Section 5,Chapter 102, Chronic kidney disease:800.
17. Jardine, A. G.,Marik,O.M. Holdaas,H.,et al.(2008). Special patient populations:chronicrenaldsease. In C.M.Ballantyne(ed) Ballantyne: Clinicl Lipodology,pp.500-508.Philadelphia,PA.Saunders.
18. Prichard ,S.S,(2003).Impact of dyslipidemia in end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol,14(9Suppl 4),S 316-320.
19. MonzaniG,BergesioF,Ciuti R , et al.Lipoprotein abnormalities in chronic renal failure and dialysis patients. Blood Purif. 1996;262-272
20. Vaziri,N.D.(2006).Dyslipidaemia of chronic renal failure: the nature,mecanisms,and potential consequences .Am J Physiol Renal Physiol,290(2),F 262-72.
21. Marten W.Taal, Glenn M. Chertow, Phililip A. Marsden,KarlSkorecki, Alan S.L.Yu,Barry M. Brenner Brenner& Rector’s .The kidney,9th ed. Elesevier Saunders. Chapter 51, Adaptation to Nephron Loss and mechanisms of progression in chronic kidney disease.1952-1971.
22. Cases A,Coll E. Dyslipidaemia and the progression of renal disease in chronic renal failure patients. Kidney Int Suppl.2005;99:S 87-S 93.
23. Kroleswski AS, WarramJH,Christleb AR. Hypercholesterolemia-a determinant of renal function loss and death in IDDM patients with nephropathy. Kidney Int.1994;45:S125-S131.
24. Samuelsson O,MulecH,Knight-Gibson C,etal.Lipoprotein abnormalities are associated with increased rate of progression of human chronic renal insufficiency.Nephrol Dial ransplant.1997;12:1908-1915
25. RavidM,Brosh D, Ravid-SafranD,etal.Main risk factors for nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus are plasma cholesterol levels , mean blood pressure,andhyperglycemia. Arch Intern Med.1998; 158:998-1004.
26. MschioG,OldrizziL,RagiuC,etal.Serum lipids in patients with chronic renal failure on long –term protein-restricted diets.Am JMed.1989;87:51N-54N.
27. Neil Turner, Norbert Lameire , David J.Goldsmith, Christopher G.Winearls,JonathanHimmelferb ,Giuseppe Remuzzi oxford Textbook of clinical nephrology4th ed.Vol.1 Oxford University press.Section 5,Chapter 132,The patient with reduced renal function: endocrinology:1072-1090.
28. Feinstein, E.I.,Kaptein,E.M.,Nicoloff,J.T.,Tet al.(1982).Thyroid function in patients with nephrotic syndrome and normal renal function.Am J Nephrol,2(2).0-6.
29. MalyszkoJ,MalyszkoJ,WolczynskiS,MysliwiecM.Adiponectin ,leptin and thyroid hormones in patients with chronic renal failure and on renal replacement therapy: are they related? NephrolDoal Transplant .2006;21(1):145-52.
30. Kaptein E et al. The Thyroid in end stage renal diseases, Medicine,1988;67:187-197
31. Katz AI &LindheimerMD.Actions of hormones on the kidney Annual Review of Physiology 1977; 39:97-133.
32. WaishJD,Brenner AD, Bulsara MK, Leedman PJ, FedimaP,MichealV.Subclinical thyroid dysfunction as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease .Arch Intern Med 165:2467-2472,2005.
33. G Avasthi,SMalhotra,APSNarag , S Sengupta:Study of thyroid function in patients of chronic renal failure.Indian J nephrol,2001;11:165-169
34. Schaeffner ESI, Kurth T, CurhanGC, Glynn RJ, Rexrode KM, Baigent C, Buring JE, Gaziano JM: Cholesterol and the risk of renal dysfunction in apparently healthy men.J Am Soc Nephrol.2003 Auh:14(8):2084-91.
35. Sahar A. H. AL-Sharqi, Enas W. SH. AL-Najar and Samal H.K. AL-Jaff:Lipid profiles and kidney function in chronic renal failure Iraqi patient preperitoneal dialysis or haemodialysis. International Journal of Advanced Research (2015),Volume 3,Isuue 11,776-780.
36. VeerenGanta, RadhaPriyaYalamanchi, Mahanta KC, BiswajitSahu, Kota Raghvendar, GudipatiAnusha, BharadwajBachu, C. Raghavendra Reddy, A study of lipid profile in non-diabetic chronic kidney disease, International Journal of Advances in Medicine 2016 Nov;3(4):965-970.
37. Chen S-C, Hung C-C,Kuo M-C,Lee J-J,Chiu Y-W, et al.(2013). Association of Dyslipidaemia with Renal Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease.PLoSONE8(2):e5543.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055643.
38. Rajapukar et al.What do we know about chronic kidney disease in India: first report of the Indian CKD registry BMC Nephrology 2012,13:10.
39. Modi GK I,Jha V: The incidence of end-stage renal disease in India: A population –based study.Kidney Int.2006 Dec;70(12):2131-3.Epub 2006 Oct 25.
40. K.Swaminathan, S. RAJESH,S. Avudaiappan. A study of thyroid function abnormalities in patients with chronic kidney disease. Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences e-ISSN: 2279-0853,p-ISSN:2279-0861. Vol 15. Issue 8. Ver.VIII(Aug,2016), PP07-15.
41. Saroj K, Rajendra KC, Sharad G. Thyroid dysfunction and dyslipidemiain chronic kidney disease patients. Endocr Disord.2015;15:65.
42. Poudel B, Yadav BK, Jha B, RautKB,:Dyslipidaemiainchronickiney disease in Nepalese population. Mymensinh Med J. 2013 Jan;22(1):157-63.
43. ResmiRekhaPhukan, Rohini K Goswami. Unusual Dyslipidemia in Patients with Chronic Kidney disease: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2017 Jan,Vol-11(1):BC01-BC04.
44. Appel G. Lipid abnormalities in renal disease . Kidney Intl.1991;39(1):169-83.
45. Khalidah S. Merzah, SuhadFalihHasson: The Biochemical Changes in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure, International Journal of Pharma Medicine and Biological Sciences Vol.4,N0. Januar ,2015.
46. Poudel B, Yadav BK, Jha B, RautKB,:Dyslipidaemiainchronickiney disease in Nepalese population. Mymensinh Med J. 2013 Jan;22(1):157-63.
47. Raju DSSK, Lalitha DL, Kiranmayi P(2013). A study of Lipid Profile and Lipid Peroxidation in Chronic Kidney Disease with Special reference to Hemodialysis. J Clinic ResBiotecth 4:143.
48. Song SH, Kwak IS, Lee DW, Kang YH, Seong EY, Park JS. The prevalence of low triiodothyronine according to the stage of chronic kidney disease in subjects with a normal thyrpoid-stimulating hormone. Nephrol Dial Transplant.2009;24(5):1534-8.
49. Jingxian Fan, Peng Yan, Yingdeng Wang, Bo Shen, Feng Ding, Yingli Liu. Prevalence and clinical Cignificance of Low T3 Syndrome in Non-Dialysis atients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Med Sci Monit.2016;22:1171-1179.Published online 2016 Apr 8.
50. Ramirez G et al. Thyroid abnormalities in renal failure. A study of53 patients on chronic dialysis. Ann Internal Medicine, 1973;79,500-4.
51. Kayima JK etal. Thyroid hormones profile in patients with chronic renal failure on conservativemanagement and regular haemodialysis. East Afr Med J,1992;69:333-6.
52. Lim VS, Fang VS, Refetoff S. Katz AI. T3 hypothyroidism in uraemia.Impaired T4 to T3 conversion. No.636. Abstracts of 6th International Congress of Nephrology,1975.
53. Pagliacci MC, Pelicci G. Grigani F. Giammatince FL, Carobi C, Buoncristiani U, Nicoltitti I. Thyroid function tests inpatients undergoing maintenance dialysis.Nephron 1987;46:225-3.
54. Rajagopalan B, Dolia PB, Arumalla VK. Renal function markers and thyroid hormone status inundialyzed chronic kidney disease .AI Ameen J Med Sci.2013;6(1):70-4.
55. Spector DA, Davis PJ, Helderman JH et al.Thyroid function and metabolic state in chronic renal failure.AnnInt Med 1976;85:724-30.
56. Ramirez G. O’Neil WM, Jubiz W. Bloomer HA. Thyroid dusfunction in uraemia .E vidence with thyroid and hypophysealabnormalities.AnnInt Med 1976;84:672.
57. Dudani RA et al. Thyroid dysfunction in Ureaemia J Assoc Physicians India.1981;29:1037-40.
58. KarunanidhiA et al. Thyroid function in patient with chronic renal failure. Indian J Med Research.1979;69:792-7.
59. Hardy MJ et al. Pituitary-Thyroid function in chronic renal failure assessed by a highly sensitive thyrotropin assay. J Din EndocrinolMetab,198;66:233-6.
60. Hegedus L et al.Thyroid gland volume and serum concentrations of thyroid hormone in chronic renal failure.Nephron,1985;171-4
61. Beckett G et al.Thyroid status in patient with chronic renal failure.Clinical Nephrology,1983;19:172-8.
62. PonAjilSingh,ZachariahBobby,N. Selvraj and R. Vinayagamoorthi.Anevaluation of thyroid hormone status and oxidative stress in undialyzed chronic renal failure patients .Indian PhysiolPharmacol 2006;50(3):279-284.
63. P Iglesias and J JDi’Ez. Thyroid dysfunction and kidney disease.European Journal of Endocrinology (2009)160:503-515
2. Neil Turner, Norbert Lameire, David J.Goldsmith, Christopher G.Winearls, Jonathan Himmrlferb, Giuseppe Remuzzi oxford Textbook of clinica Nephrology 4th ed.Vol.1 Oxford University Press, Section 5,Chapter94, Chronic kidney disease:743-754.
3. Levey, A.S, Eckardt, K.U,Tsukamoto,Y,et al.(205). Definition and classification of chronic kidney disease: a position statement from kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO).Kidney Int,67,2089-100.
4. Levey, A.S.,De Jong , P.E,Coresh, J,et al.(2011). The definition, classification, and prognosis of chronic kidney disease: a KDIGO Controversies Conference report. Kidney Int, 80,17-28.
5. Current Chronic kidney disease(CKD) Nomenclature used by KDIGO .Kidney international Supplements KDIGO,2013;Chapter 1 Definition and classicification of CKD 5
6. Olechnowicz-Tietz S, Gluba A, ParadowskaA,Banach M, RyszJ,The risk of atherosclerosis in patients with chronic kidney disease. IntUrol nephrol.2013;45(6):1605-12.
7. Modi GK, Jha V. The incidence of end-stage renal disease in ndia: a population based study. Kidney International,2006;70:2131-2133
8. Marten W.Taal, Glenn M. Chertow, Phililip A. Marsden,KarlSkorecki, Alan S.L.Yu,BarryM. Brenner Brenner& Rector’s .The kidney, 9th ed. Elesevier Saunders. Chapter 81. Indian Subcontinent.2770-2785.
9. Mani MK. The management of end-stage renal disease in india.Artif Organs.1998; 22:182-186.
10. AgarwalSK,Dash SC, Irshad M, et al . Prevalnence of chronic renal failure in adults in Delhi, India. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005;20: 1638-1642.
11. Thomas R,KansoA,SedorJR.Chronic kidney disease and its complications. Prim care.2008; 35(2):329-44.
12. Atman PO,SamuelssonO,AlaupovicP.The effect of decreasing renal function on lipoprotein profiles.Nephrol Dial Transplnt.2011;26(8):2572-5.
13. SarnakMJ,Levey AS, SchoolwerthAC,CoreshJ,CulletonB,HammnLL,etal.Kidney disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease a statement from the American Heart Association controls on Kidney in cardiovascular disease,high blood pressure research, Clinical cardiology, and epidemiology and prevention,Circulation.2003;108(17):2154-69
14. MajumderA,WheelerDC.Lipoid abnormalities in renal disease. J R Soc Med.2000;93:178-182.
15. ManttariM,TiulaE,Alikoski T.et l.Effects of hypertention and dyslipidaemia on the decline in renal function. Hypertention .1995;26:670-675.
16. Neil Turner,NorbertLameire, David J.Goldsmith, Christopher G.Winearls, Jonathan Himmrlferb, Giuseppe Remuzzi oxford Textbook of clinica Nephrology 4th ed.Vol.1 Oxford University Press, Section 5,Chapter 102, Chronic kidney disease:800.
17. Jardine, A. G.,Marik,O.M. Holdaas,H.,et al.(2008). Special patient populations:chronicrenaldsease. In C.M.Ballantyne(ed) Ballantyne: Clinicl Lipodology,pp.500-508.Philadelphia,PA.Saunders.
18. Prichard ,S.S,(2003).Impact of dyslipidemia in end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol,14(9Suppl 4),S 316-320.
19. MonzaniG,BergesioF,Ciuti R , et al.Lipoprotein abnormalities in chronic renal failure and dialysis patients. Blood Purif. 1996;262-272
20. Vaziri,N.D.(2006).Dyslipidaemia of chronic renal failure: the nature,mecanisms,and potential consequences .Am J Physiol Renal Physiol,290(2),F 262-72.
21. Marten W.Taal, Glenn M. Chertow, Phililip A. Marsden,KarlSkorecki, Alan S.L.Yu,Barry M. Brenner Brenner& Rector’s .The kidney,9th ed. Elesevier Saunders. Chapter 51, Adaptation to Nephron Loss and mechanisms of progression in chronic kidney disease.1952-1971.
22. Cases A,Coll E. Dyslipidaemia and the progression of renal disease in chronic renal failure patients. Kidney Int Suppl.2005;99:S 87-S 93.
23. Kroleswski AS, WarramJH,Christleb AR. Hypercholesterolemia-a determinant of renal function loss and death in IDDM patients with nephropathy. Kidney Int.1994;45:S125-S131.
24. Samuelsson O,MulecH,Knight-Gibson C,etal.Lipoprotein abnormalities are associated with increased rate of progression of human chronic renal insufficiency.Nephrol Dial ransplant.1997;12:1908-1915
25. RavidM,Brosh D, Ravid-SafranD,etal.Main risk factors for nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus are plasma cholesterol levels , mean blood pressure,andhyperglycemia. Arch Intern Med.1998; 158:998-1004.
26. MschioG,OldrizziL,RagiuC,etal.Serum lipids in patients with chronic renal failure on long –term protein-restricted diets.Am JMed.1989;87:51N-54N.
27. Neil Turner, Norbert Lameire , David J.Goldsmith, Christopher G.Winearls,JonathanHimmelferb ,Giuseppe Remuzzi oxford Textbook of clinical nephrology4th ed.Vol.1 Oxford University press.Section 5,Chapter 132,The patient with reduced renal function: endocrinology:1072-1090.
28. Feinstein, E.I.,Kaptein,E.M.,Nicoloff,J.T.,Tet al.(1982).Thyroid function in patients with nephrotic syndrome and normal renal function.Am J Nephrol,2(2).0-6.
29. MalyszkoJ,MalyszkoJ,WolczynskiS,MysliwiecM.Adiponectin ,leptin and thyroid hormones in patients with chronic renal failure and on renal replacement therapy: are they related? NephrolDoal Transplant .2006;21(1):145-52.
30. Kaptein E et al. The Thyroid in end stage renal diseases, Medicine,1988;67:187-197
31. Katz AI &LindheimerMD.Actions of hormones on the kidney Annual Review of Physiology 1977; 39:97-133.
32. WaishJD,Brenner AD, Bulsara MK, Leedman PJ, FedimaP,MichealV.Subclinical thyroid dysfunction as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease .Arch Intern Med 165:2467-2472,2005.
33. G Avasthi,SMalhotra,APSNarag , S Sengupta:Study of thyroid function in patients of chronic renal failure.Indian J nephrol,2001;11:165-169
34. Schaeffner ESI, Kurth T, CurhanGC, Glynn RJ, Rexrode KM, Baigent C, Buring JE, Gaziano JM: Cholesterol and the risk of renal dysfunction in apparently healthy men.J Am Soc Nephrol.2003 Auh:14(8):2084-91.
35. Sahar A. H. AL-Sharqi, Enas W. SH. AL-Najar and Samal H.K. AL-Jaff:Lipid profiles and kidney function in chronic renal failure Iraqi patient preperitoneal dialysis or haemodialysis. International Journal of Advanced Research (2015),Volume 3,Isuue 11,776-780.
36. VeerenGanta, RadhaPriyaYalamanchi, Mahanta KC, BiswajitSahu, Kota Raghvendar, GudipatiAnusha, BharadwajBachu, C. Raghavendra Reddy, A study of lipid profile in non-diabetic chronic kidney disease, International Journal of Advances in Medicine 2016 Nov;3(4):965-970.
37. Chen S-C, Hung C-C,Kuo M-C,Lee J-J,Chiu Y-W, et al.(2013). Association of Dyslipidaemia with Renal Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease.PLoSONE8(2):e5543.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055643.
38. Rajapukar et al.What do we know about chronic kidney disease in India: first report of the Indian CKD registry BMC Nephrology 2012,13:10.
39. Modi GK I,Jha V: The incidence of end-stage renal disease in India: A population –based study.Kidney Int.2006 Dec;70(12):2131-3.Epub 2006 Oct 25.
40. K.Swaminathan, S. RAJESH,S. Avudaiappan. A study of thyroid function abnormalities in patients with chronic kidney disease. Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences e-ISSN: 2279-0853,p-ISSN:2279-0861. Vol 15. Issue 8. Ver.VIII(Aug,2016), PP07-15.
41. Saroj K, Rajendra KC, Sharad G. Thyroid dysfunction and dyslipidemiain chronic kidney disease patients. Endocr Disord.2015;15:65.
42. Poudel B, Yadav BK, Jha B, RautKB,:Dyslipidaemiainchronickiney disease in Nepalese population. Mymensinh Med J. 2013 Jan;22(1):157-63.
43. ResmiRekhaPhukan, Rohini K Goswami. Unusual Dyslipidemia in Patients with Chronic Kidney disease: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2017 Jan,Vol-11(1):BC01-BC04.
44. Appel G. Lipid abnormalities in renal disease . Kidney Intl.1991;39(1):169-83.
45. Khalidah S. Merzah, SuhadFalihHasson: The Biochemical Changes in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure, International Journal of Pharma Medicine and Biological Sciences Vol.4,N0. Januar ,2015.
46. Poudel B, Yadav BK, Jha B, RautKB,:Dyslipidaemiainchronickiney disease in Nepalese population. Mymensinh Med J. 2013 Jan;22(1):157-63.
47. Raju DSSK, Lalitha DL, Kiranmayi P(2013). A study of Lipid Profile and Lipid Peroxidation in Chronic Kidney Disease with Special reference to Hemodialysis. J Clinic ResBiotecth 4:143.
48. Song SH, Kwak IS, Lee DW, Kang YH, Seong EY, Park JS. The prevalence of low triiodothyronine according to the stage of chronic kidney disease in subjects with a normal thyrpoid-stimulating hormone. Nephrol Dial Transplant.2009;24(5):1534-8.
49. Jingxian Fan, Peng Yan, Yingdeng Wang, Bo Shen, Feng Ding, Yingli Liu. Prevalence and clinical Cignificance of Low T3 Syndrome in Non-Dialysis atients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Med Sci Monit.2016;22:1171-1179.Published online 2016 Apr 8.
50. Ramirez G et al. Thyroid abnormalities in renal failure. A study of53 patients on chronic dialysis. Ann Internal Medicine, 1973;79,500-4.
51. Kayima JK etal. Thyroid hormones profile in patients with chronic renal failure on conservativemanagement and regular haemodialysis. East Afr Med J,1992;69:333-6.
52. Lim VS, Fang VS, Refetoff S. Katz AI. T3 hypothyroidism in uraemia.Impaired T4 to T3 conversion. No.636. Abstracts of 6th International Congress of Nephrology,1975.
53. Pagliacci MC, Pelicci G. Grigani F. Giammatince FL, Carobi C, Buoncristiani U, Nicoltitti I. Thyroid function tests inpatients undergoing maintenance dialysis.Nephron 1987;46:225-3.
54. Rajagopalan B, Dolia PB, Arumalla VK. Renal function markers and thyroid hormone status inundialyzed chronic kidney disease .AI Ameen J Med Sci.2013;6(1):70-4.
55. Spector DA, Davis PJ, Helderman JH et al.Thyroid function and metabolic state in chronic renal failure.AnnInt Med 1976;85:724-30.
56. Ramirez G. O’Neil WM, Jubiz W. Bloomer HA. Thyroid dusfunction in uraemia .E vidence with thyroid and hypophysealabnormalities.AnnInt Med 1976;84:672.
57. Dudani RA et al. Thyroid dysfunction in Ureaemia J Assoc Physicians India.1981;29:1037-40.
58. KarunanidhiA et al. Thyroid function in patient with chronic renal failure. Indian J Med Research.1979;69:792-7.
59. Hardy MJ et al. Pituitary-Thyroid function in chronic renal failure assessed by a highly sensitive thyrotropin assay. J Din EndocrinolMetab,198;66:233-6.
60. Hegedus L et al.Thyroid gland volume and serum concentrations of thyroid hormone in chronic renal failure.Nephron,1985;171-4
61. Beckett G et al.Thyroid status in patient with chronic renal failure.Clinical Nephrology,1983;19:172-8.
62. PonAjilSingh,ZachariahBobby,N. Selvraj and R. Vinayagamoorthi.Anevaluation of thyroid hormone status and oxidative stress in undialyzed chronic renal failure patients .Indian PhysiolPharmacol 2006;50(3):279-284.
63. P Iglesias and J JDi’Ez. Thyroid dysfunction and kidney disease.European Journal of Endocrinology (2009)160:503-515
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Feb 12, 2025
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Dr. Manoj Kumar Das, Dr. Sudip Barua, Dr. Mukesh Kumar, Dr. Subrata Choudhury, Dr Vishal Prakash Giri, Dr Rahul Agarwal, & Dr Shakti Bala Dutta. (2025). A STUDY OF LIPID PROFILE AND THYROID HORMONE STATUS IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS ATTENDING THE DEPTARTMENT OF GENERAL MEDICINE, BANKURA SAMMILANI MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, BANKURA. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 32(8), 1205-1228. https://doi.org/10.53555/4qaesx52
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Author Biographies
Dr. Manoj Kumar Das
RMO cum Clinical Tutor, Department Of Nephrology, IPGMER, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Dr. Sudip Barua
Assistant Professor, Department Of Pharmacology, College Of Medicine & Sagore Dutta Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Dr. Mukesh Kumar
Assistant Professor, Department Of Pharmacology, Gouri Devi Institute Of Medical Sciences, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
Dr. Subrata Choudhury
Assistant Professor, Department Of Pharmacology, Gouri Devi Institute Of Medical Sciences, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
Dr Vishal Prakash Giri
Professor & Head Department of Pharmacology, Pt Ram Prasad Bismil Memorial Medical College Shahjahanpur,UP, India
Dr Rahul Agarwal
Associate professor Department of Pharmacology, MSD, ASMC, Bahraich,UP, India
Dr Shakti Bala Dutta
Professor & Head, Department of Pharmacology, Graphic Era Medical University, Dehradun Uttarakhand, India
How to Cite
Dr. Manoj Kumar Das, Dr. Sudip Barua, Dr. Mukesh Kumar, Dr. Subrata Choudhury, Dr Vishal Prakash Giri, Dr Rahul Agarwal, & Dr Shakti Bala Dutta. (2025). A STUDY OF LIPID PROFILE AND THYROID HORMONE STATUS IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS ATTENDING THE DEPTARTMENT OF GENERAL MEDICINE, BANKURA SAMMILANI MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, BANKURA. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 32(8), 1205-1228. https://doi.org/10.53555/4qaesx52