THE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON ROLE OF MICROBIOME IN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
Main Article Content
Keywords
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Abstract
This dissertation investigates the intricate relationship between gut microbiome composition and the pathogenesis and progression of autoimmune diseases, addressing the critical issue of how microbiome dysbiosis contributes to autoimmunity. By employing a comprehensive approach that combines microbiome sequencing data with autoimmune disease biomarkers and clinical patient data, this research elucidates the mechanisms underlying this relationship. Key findings reveal distinct microbial profiles associated with specific autoimmune conditions, highlighting the potential role of particular bacterial taxa in either exacerbating or mitigating disease symptoms. Additionally, the study demonstrates that variations in microbial diversity correlate with clinical outcomes, suggesting that a balanced microbiome may be pivotal in maintaining immune homeostasis. The significance of these findings lies in their potential to inform new therapeutic strategies focused on microbiome modulation, which could enhance the management of autoimmune diseases and improve patient outcomes. Furthermore, the broader implications of this research extend to the field of healthcare by emphasizing the necessity for personalized medicine approaches that consider microbiomic factors, thus paving the way for innovative interventions that target microbial health as a means of disease prevention and treatment. Overall, this work contributes to the growing body of evidence linking the microbiome to autoimmune pathology and underscores the importance of microbiome research in advancing our understanding of complex disease mechanisms.
References
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● Kyndall B. Neal, R. Amachawadi, Bradley J. White, T. Shippy, M. Theurer, Robert L. Larson, B. V. Lubbers, et al.. "Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Prevalence and Microbial Diversity at First Treatment for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) and Its Associations with Health and Mortality Outcomes in Feedyard Cattle" Microorganisms, 2023, doi: https://www.semanticscholar.org/ paper/2db0aefc2fda3678576c17c72e7d4ac18ea6e20a
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● Piyush Padhi, Carter Worth, Gary Zenitsky, Huajun Jin, Kumar Sambamurti, Vellareddy Anantharam, Arthi Kanthasamy, et al.. "Mechanistic Insights Into Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis-Mediated Neuroimmune Dysregulation and Protein Misfolding and Clearance in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Neurodegenerative Disorders" Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.836605
● Ryutaro Kuraji, Satoshi Sekino, Yvonne L. Kapila, Yukihiro Numabe. "Periodontal disease–related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: An emerging concept of oral‐liver axis" Periodontology 2000, 2021, 204-240. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12387
● Danping Zheng, Timur Liwinski, Eran Elinav. "Interaction between microbiota and immunity in health and disease" Cell Research, 2020, 492-506. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-020-0332-7
● Ygor Parladore Silva, Andressa Bernardi, Rudimar Luiz Frozza. "The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids From Gut Microbiota in Gut-Brain Communication" Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.00025
● TABLESung-Ho Chang, Youngnim Choi. "Gut dysbiosis in autoimmune diseases: Association with mortality." *Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology*, 2023, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /articles/PMC10102475/.*Note.* Adapted from Gut dysbiosis in autoimmune diseases: Association with mortality, by Sung-Ho Chang, Youngnim Choi, 2023, Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Front Cell Infect Microbiol, Vol 13, p. 1157918. Retrieved from https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10102475/.
● TABLELiuting Zeng, Kailin Yang, Qi He, Xiaofei Zhu, Zhiyong Long, Yang Wu, Junpeng Chen, Yuwei Li, Jinsong Zeng, Ge Cui, Wang Xiang, Wensa Hao, Lingyun Sun. "Efficacy and safety of gut microbiota-based therapies in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 80 randomized controlled trials." *BMC Medicine*, 2024, https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-024-03303-4.*Note.* Adapted from Efficacy and safety of gut microbiota-based therapies in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 80 randomized controlled trials, by Liuting Zeng, Kailin Yang, Qi He, Xiaofei Zhu, Zhiyong Long, Yang Wu, Junpeng Chen, Yuwei Li, Jinsong Zeng, Ge Cui, Wang Xiang, Wensa Hao, Lingyun Sun, 2024, BMC Medicine, BMC Medicine, Vol 22, Article 110. Retrieved from https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-024-03303-4.
● TABLESung-Ho Chang, Youngnim Choi. "Gut dysbiosis in autoimmune diseases: Association with mortality." *Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology*, 2023, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /articles/PMC10102475/.*Note.* Adapted from Gut dysbiosis in autoimmune diseases: Association with mortality, by Sung-Ho Chang, Youngnim Choi, 2023, Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Front Cell Infect Microbiol, Vol 13. Retrieved from https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10102475/.
● TABLEWalaa K Mousa, Fadia Chehadeh, Shannon Husband. "Microbial dysbiosis in the gut drives systemic autoimmune diseases." *Frontiers*, 2022, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /36341463/.*Note.* Adapted from Microbial dysbiosis in the gut drives systemic autoimmune diseases, by Walaa K Mousa, Fadia Chehadeh, Shannon Husband, 2022, Frontiers, Front Immunol, 13:906258. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36341463/.Xuan Zhang, Bei-di Chen, Li-Dan Zhao, Hao Li. "The Gut Microbiota: Emerging Evidence in Autoimmune Diseases." *Trends in Molecular Medicine*, 2020, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3240 2849/.*Note.* Adapted from The Gut Microbiota: Emerging Evidence in Autoimmune Diseases, by Xuan Zhang, Bei-di Chen, Li-Dan Zhao, Hao Li, 2020, Trends in Molecular Medicine, Trends Mol Med, 26(9), p. 862-873. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32402849/.V Evangelista, A Celardo, G Dell'Elba, S Manarini, A Mironov, G de Gaetano, C Cerletti. "Platelet contribution to leukotriene production in inflammation: in vivo evidence in the rabbit." *Thromb Haemost*, 1999, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10102475/.*Note.* Adapted from Platelet contribution to leukotriene production in inflammation: in vivo evidence in the rabbit, by V Evangelista, A Celardo, G Dell'Elba, S Manarini, A Mironov, G de Gaetano, C Cerletti, 1999, Thromb Haemost, Thromb Haemost, Vol 81, Issue 3, p. 442-448. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10102475/.
● "Impact of Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis on Autoimmune Diseases." www.mdpi.com, 21 July 2025, https://www.mdpi.com/microorganisms/microorganisms-09-01930/article_deploy/html/images/microorganisms-09-01930-g001.png.
● "Balancing Oral Microbiota and Its Dysbiosis." media.springernature.com, 21 July 2025, https://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12967-023-03995-x/MediaObjects/12967_2023_3995_Fig5_HTML.png.
● Jung Wook Kim, Eun Chae Choi, Kwang-Jun Lee. "Standardizing the approach to clinical-based human microbiome research: from clinical information collection to microbiome profiling and human resource utilization" Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives, 2025, 300 - 307. doi: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/074fc80f798dfd1d96db6f3beadb3edb5ab20e9d
● Anas Islam. "Advances in Microbiome Research: Implications for Infectious Disease Management and Treatment." Recent advances in anti-infective drug discovery, 2025, doi: https://www.semanticscholar .org/paper/b8d9e6c52fb2734fe22f24f34448e22f7bde160e
● I. Isali, E. Helstrom, Nicole Uzzo, Ankita Lakshmanan, Devika Nandwana, Henkel Valentine, M. Sindhani, et al.. "Current Trends and Challenges of Microbiome Research in Bladder Cancer" Current Oncology Reports, 2024, 292 - 298. doi: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b74e 8a909cee931f3669acba21cf2559748cd46c
● I. Rahou, R. Vanstokstraeten, C. Nina Allonsius, I. De Boeck, S. Wittouck, T. Van Rillaer, T. Demuyser, et al.. "P-333 Combining deep shotgun metagenomic sequencing and culturomics for in-depth characterization of a potential endometrial microbiome" Human Reproduction, 2024, doi: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ea698d13b8d3ef12a42b162380473844d2f75080
● K. Kvit, N. V. Kharchenko. "SMALL INTESTINAL BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH IN THE INTESTINE AND MICROBIOME ALTERATIONS AS A RISK FACTOR FOR LIPID METABOLISM DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE" Art of Medicine, 2025, doi: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/306c b4c2c1e17c4a9c966f7cd774a9722057bb32
● Lara Pires, A. González-Paramás, S. Heleno, R. Calhelha. "Exploring Therapeutic Advances: A Comprehensive Review of Intestinal Microbiota Modulators" Antibiotics, 2024, doi: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d43784c0237dc59c51b020e7d089240f4e07bf02
● Mateusz Koralewicz, Olga Szatkowska, Martyna Choinka, Max Tschuschke, Natalia Wdowiak, Kinga Adamska. "The Role of Gut Microbiome Alterations in the Pathogenesis and Management of Sjögren's Syndrome" Quality in Sport, 2024, doi: https://www.semanticscholar.org /paper/1c81a f62ab69024b5b0608822aed6ec5d4e1be2a
● Ioannis Legakis, G. Chrousos, S. Chatzipanagiotou. "Thyroid Diseases and Intestinal Microbiome" Hormone and Metabolic Research, 2023, 813 - 818. doi: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4a4dfda9804829a18338d00c69705866397386a5
● Venkateswarrao Adapa, Vijay Anand Kada, Jaya Santhoshi Gowri Nunna. "The Microbiome-Thyroid Link: A Review of the Role of the Gut Microbiota in Thyroid Function and Disease" Journal of Clinical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2023, doi: https://www.semanticscholar.org/ paper /01d 1107 bfcd3573e9e95cfc9257bf150f22af623
● Karolina Baran, Marlena Jankowska, Natalia Jańczyk, Karolina Mędrysa, Jakub Pokrzepa, Michał Presak, Gabriela Blecharz, et al.. "The role of gut microbiota in the development of autoimmune disease - a literature review" Quality in Sport, 2025, doi: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ 7fa518dbab97ae943f8cc84ae35df559f8b2bb1c
● Mohammad Adawi. "The role of gut microbiota in autoimmune disease progression and therapy: a comprehensive synthesis" Frontiers in Microbiomes, 2025, doi: https://www.semanticscholar .org/paper/99a74aab3f29c228369f3fb9b056549368f47531
● S. Vatn, S. Hansen, T. Tannæs, S. Brackmann, C. Olbjørn, D. Bergemalm, Å. V. Keita, et al.. "Microbial Patterns in Newly Diagnosed Inflammatory Bowel Disease Revealed by Presence and Transcriptional Activity - Relationship to Diagnosis and Outcome." Clinical and experimental gastroenterology, 2025, 103-119 . doi: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8341e9d df320236ad9a8fc4a8138645360d042a9
● Yu Song, Yuntao Bai, Cong Liu, Xiaodan Zhai, Le Zhang. "The impact of gut microbiota on autoimmune thyroiditis and relationship with pregnancy outcomes: a review" Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2024, doi: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/42 72933f46e1955a6e7ada029ce0a996e13f6255
● Kyndall B. Neal, R. Amachawadi, Bradley J. White, T. Shippy, M. Theurer, Robert L. Larson, B. V. Lubbers, et al.. "Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Prevalence and Microbial Diversity at First Treatment for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) and Its Associations with Health and Mortality Outcomes in Feedyard Cattle" Microorganisms, 2023, doi: https://www.semanticscholar.org/ paper/2db0aefc2fda3678576c17c72e7d4ac18ea6e20a
● Kejun Hou, Zhuo‐Xun Wu, Xuan-Yu Chen, Jing‐Quan Wang, Dongya Zhang, Chuanxing Xiao, Dan Zhu, et al.. "Microbiota in health and diseases" Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-022-00974-4
● Piyush Padhi, Carter Worth, Gary Zenitsky, Huajun Jin, Kumar Sambamurti, Vellareddy Anantharam, Arthi Kanthasamy, et al.. "Mechanistic Insights Into Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis-Mediated Neuroimmune Dysregulation and Protein Misfolding and Clearance in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Neurodegenerative Disorders" Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.836605
● Ryutaro Kuraji, Satoshi Sekino, Yvonne L. Kapila, Yukihiro Numabe. "Periodontal disease–related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: An emerging concept of oral‐liver axis" Periodontology 2000, 2021, 204-240. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12387
● Danping Zheng, Timur Liwinski, Eran Elinav. "Interaction between microbiota and immunity in health and disease" Cell Research, 2020, 492-506. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-020-0332-7
● Ygor Parladore Silva, Andressa Bernardi, Rudimar Luiz Frozza. "The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids From Gut Microbiota in Gut-Brain Communication" Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.00025
● TABLESung-Ho Chang, Youngnim Choi. "Gut dysbiosis in autoimmune diseases: Association with mortality." *Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology*, 2023, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /articles/PMC10102475/.*Note.* Adapted from Gut dysbiosis in autoimmune diseases: Association with mortality, by Sung-Ho Chang, Youngnim Choi, 2023, Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Front Cell Infect Microbiol, Vol 13, p. 1157918. Retrieved from https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10102475/.
● TABLELiuting Zeng, Kailin Yang, Qi He, Xiaofei Zhu, Zhiyong Long, Yang Wu, Junpeng Chen, Yuwei Li, Jinsong Zeng, Ge Cui, Wang Xiang, Wensa Hao, Lingyun Sun. "Efficacy and safety of gut microbiota-based therapies in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 80 randomized controlled trials." *BMC Medicine*, 2024, https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-024-03303-4.*Note.* Adapted from Efficacy and safety of gut microbiota-based therapies in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 80 randomized controlled trials, by Liuting Zeng, Kailin Yang, Qi He, Xiaofei Zhu, Zhiyong Long, Yang Wu, Junpeng Chen, Yuwei Li, Jinsong Zeng, Ge Cui, Wang Xiang, Wensa Hao, Lingyun Sun, 2024, BMC Medicine, BMC Medicine, Vol 22, Article 110. Retrieved from https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-024-03303-4.
● TABLESung-Ho Chang, Youngnim Choi. "Gut dysbiosis in autoimmune diseases: Association with mortality." *Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology*, 2023, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /articles/PMC10102475/.*Note.* Adapted from Gut dysbiosis in autoimmune diseases: Association with mortality, by Sung-Ho Chang, Youngnim Choi, 2023, Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Front Cell Infect Microbiol, Vol 13. Retrieved from https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10102475/.
● TABLEWalaa K Mousa, Fadia Chehadeh, Shannon Husband. "Microbial dysbiosis in the gut drives systemic autoimmune diseases." *Frontiers*, 2022, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /36341463/.*Note.* Adapted from Microbial dysbiosis in the gut drives systemic autoimmune diseases, by Walaa K Mousa, Fadia Chehadeh, Shannon Husband, 2022, Frontiers, Front Immunol, 13:906258. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36341463/.Xuan Zhang, Bei-di Chen, Li-Dan Zhao, Hao Li. "The Gut Microbiota: Emerging Evidence in Autoimmune Diseases." *Trends in Molecular Medicine*, 2020, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3240 2849/.*Note.* Adapted from The Gut Microbiota: Emerging Evidence in Autoimmune Diseases, by Xuan Zhang, Bei-di Chen, Li-Dan Zhao, Hao Li, 2020, Trends in Molecular Medicine, Trends Mol Med, 26(9), p. 862-873. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32402849/.V Evangelista, A Celardo, G Dell'Elba, S Manarini, A Mironov, G de Gaetano, C Cerletti. "Platelet contribution to leukotriene production in inflammation: in vivo evidence in the rabbit." *Thromb Haemost*, 1999, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10102475/.*Note.* Adapted from Platelet contribution to leukotriene production in inflammation: in vivo evidence in the rabbit, by V Evangelista, A Celardo, G Dell'Elba, S Manarini, A Mironov, G de Gaetano, C Cerletti, 1999, Thromb Haemost, Thromb Haemost, Vol 81, Issue 3, p. 442-448. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10102475/.
● "Impact of Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis on Autoimmune Diseases." www.mdpi.com, 21 July 2025, https://www.mdpi.com/microorganisms/microorganisms-09-01930/article_deploy/html/images/microorganisms-09-01930-g001.png.
● "Balancing Oral Microbiota and Its Dysbiosis." media.springernature.com, 21 July 2025, https://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12967-023-03995-x/MediaObjects/12967_2023_3995_Fig5_HTML.png.
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Mar 26, 2025
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Dr. Sahil, Dr. Ajay Kumar, Dr. Shivender kumar, & Dr. Shekhar Saini. (2025). THE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON ROLE OF MICROBIOME IN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 32(3), 1441-1453. https://doi.org/10.53555/655w3a19
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Author Biographies
Dr. Sahil
(https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2775-7481)
Dr. Ajay Kumar
(https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8377-4603)
Dr. Shivender kumar
(https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5385-9651)
Dr. Shekhar Saini
(https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0933-463X)
How to Cite
Dr. Sahil, Dr. Ajay Kumar, Dr. Shivender kumar, & Dr. Shekhar Saini. (2025). THE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON ROLE OF MICROBIOME IN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 32(3), 1441-1453. https://doi.org/10.53555/655w3a19