PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN RURAL POPULATIONS OF AMBALA DISTRICT: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY FROM A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE
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Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a significant public health challenge in rural India, with Haryana experiencing rising prevalence rates due to agricultural modernization and lifestyle changes.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of major NCDs among rural populations in Ambala district, Haryana, and identify associated risk factors.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 850 adults (≥18 years) from 15 randomly selected villages in Ambala district between January 2023 and December 2024. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, clinical examinations, and laboratory investigations. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 28.0.
Results: The overall NCD prevalence was 44.2% (376/850). Diabetes mellitus affected 19.4% (165/850), hypertension 26.1% (222/850), cardiovascular diseases 9.3% (79/850), and chronic respiratory diseases 13.8% (117/850). Significant risk factors included age >45 years (OR=2.91, 95% CI: 2.18-3.89), tobacco use (OR=2.08, 95% CI: 1.54-2.81), physical inactivity (OR=2.35, 95% CI: 1.76-3.14), and pesticide exposure (OR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.35-2.64).
Conclusion: High NCD prevalence in rural Ambala necessitates comprehensive prevention strategies tailored to agricultural communities, emphasizing occupational health and lifestyle modifications.
References
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Dr. Mineshkumar Uttambhai Patel
Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine, M. M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana
Dr. Arunkumar Rameshwarprasad Varun
Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Saraswati Institute of Medical Sciences, Hapur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Dr. Shivanand M Gundalli
Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, M M Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
Mr. Alok Pritam
Statistician cum Tutor, Department of Community Medicine, Netaji Subhash Medical College & Hospital, Bihta, Patna, Bihar, India