HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF TUBERCULOUS VS. NON-TUBERCULOUS GRANULOMATOUS LESIONS IN THE NASAL CAVITY
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Keywords
Granuloma, Tuberculosis, Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria, Nasal Cavity, Histopathology, Ziehl-Neelsen, PAS Stain
Abstract
Introduction: Infectious and non-infectious agents can cause granulomatous inflammation in the nasal cavity, the most common being tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria. It is critical to distinguish them to facilitate proper diagnosis and management of the condition.
Objectives: To compare and characterize the histopathological features of tuberculous and non-tuberculous granulomatous lesions in the nasal cavity.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional data analysis from 200 nasal biopsy samples was done at Niazi Medical College Sargodha, Pakistan, from February, 2024 to July, 2024. This study used routine H & E staining, Ziehl – Neelsen (ZN), and periodic acid – Schiff (PAS) staining. Data were analyzed using SPSS.
Results: There were 200 cases, 120 of which had tuberculosis, while 80 were non-tuberculous. Among the histopathological characteristics of TB, caseous necrosis, Langhans giant cells, and ZN positivity were most evident. Non-tuberculous tissues had a higher density of fibrosis and Fungal elements on the PAS stain, especially in the immunocompromised patient.
Conclusion: Consequently histopathology with special stains and clinical correlation still remains an effective way for understanding granulomatous lesions in the nasal cavity.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
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Sabah Kaleem Baloch
Assistant Professor, Department of of Pathology, Niazi Medical College Sargodha, Pakistan
Maqbool Ahmed Baloch
Associate Professor, Department of ENT, Niazi Medical College Sargodha, Pakistan