ASSESSMENT OF PLACENTAL POSITION AND ITS CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS USING ULTRASOUND IN PREGNANCIES AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
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Keywords
Placental Position, Pregnancy Outcomes, Ultrasonography, Lateral Placentation, Antepartum Haemorrhage
Abstract
Introduction: Placental position plays a crucial role in pregnancy outcomes, with various locations potentially influencing maternal and fetal well-being. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between ultrasonographically determined placental position and pregnancy outcomes, while assessing its predictive value for complications in a tertiary care setting.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted over six months, involving 270 singleton pregnancies between 14-40 weeks gestation. Systematic ultrasound assessment of placental position was performed using standardized protocols with both transabdominal and transvaginal approaches when indicated. Data collection included demographic information, obstetric history, serial ultrasound findings, and pregnancy outcomes. Statistical analysis employed chi-square tests, multiple logistic regression, and survival analysis.
Results: The study revealed anterior placentation as most common (41.5%), followed by posterior (36.3%), fundal (13.0%), and lateral (9.2%) positions. Lateral placentation showed significantly higher rates of complications, including antepartum hemorrhage (20.0%), IUGR (24.0%), and emergency cesarean sections (28.0%). Low-lying placentas demonstrated high resolution rates by term (77.8%). Posterior and fundal placentas were associated with higher rates of normal vaginal delivery (69.4% and 71.4% respectively) compared to other positions. NICU admission rates were significantly higher in lateral placentation (32.0%, p=0.001).
Conclusion: Placental position significantly influences pregnancy outcomes, with lateral placentation carrying the highest risk for complications. The findings support position-specific monitoring protocols and highlight the importance of serial assessment in low-lying placentas for optimal pregnancy management.
References
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Dr. Shakuntla Godara
Assistant Professor, Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Ananta Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajsamand, Rajasthan, India
Dr. Sukha Ram Bhamu
Associate Professor, Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital Udaipur Rajasthan, India.
Dr. Sandeep Kumar
Assistant Professor, Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India