A STUDY OF RISK OF ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES IN WOMEN WITH PCOS

Abstract

Background-Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrine abnormality in adolescent and reproductive age group leading to chronic anovulation and infertility. After conception there is increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, early birth and SGA babies in pregnant women and long-term consequences like cardiovascular, metabolic abnormalities and increased risk of endometrial cancer.

Objectives- To compare adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome.

Methods- It is a prospective study conducted on 160 antenatal mothers of 20-40 yrs age group attending to OPD in government maternity hospital, Tirupati. They were divided into two groups- one group of women with history of excessive weight gain, hirsutism, irregular menstrual cycles [PCOS] and other group with women attending for regular antenatal checkups. After recruitment of subjects detailed history was taken regarding menstruation and mode of conception. Demographic, anthropometric and vital data noted. Clinical examination and laboratory tests were done. They were followed until delivery and the maternal outcomes including antenatal complications such as GDM, hypertension, hypothyroidism, preeclampsia, anemia and twin pregnancies were noted. Sample size was calculated for a 95% confidence interval and 5% margin of error and association between two groups was analyzed by chi-square test and students T test.

Results- Based on the findings in the current study, we conclude that women with PCOS are at higher risk of developing adverse pregnancy outcomes such as twin pregnancies, hypothyroidism, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus and increased risk of operative delivery and may also need assisted reproductive technology for conception when compared to women without PCOS.