ISOLATION OF ELECTROGENIC BACTERIA AND THEIR POTENTIAL FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION IN MICROBIAL FUEL
Main Article Content
Keywords
Electrogenic bacteria, microbial fuel cell, cabel bacteria, microbial nano wires, shewanella, geobacter, bacterial batteries, bio energy
Abstract
Despite their nasty reputation, many varieties of bacteria contribute significantly to our lives, from helping to clean up the environment to improving our health. They have the power to affect our emotions and motivate us to seek food, which can lead to feelings of grief, joy, and hunger. Bacteria also help the brain and gut communicate with one another. Some useful bacteria can be used to solve several problems, including waste management and pollution reduction. Surprisingly, certain bacteria are even electrogenic and possess special skills. Energy is essential to the survival of all living things on Earth, including humans. Microbial fuel cells' (MFCs) function depends on exoelectrogenic bacterial species, which aid in extracellular electron transport. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a sustainable renewable energy technique that uses bacteria to oxidize organic or inorganic substrates, resulting in electrical energy. Several exo-electrogenic bacterial species, recognized for their ability to generate significant electricity in MFCs, have been found to use a variety of organic molecules as fuel. This study investigates the energy generation capabilities of the two mixed & isolated pure strains of bacteria extracted from rice paddy field soil. The study involves extracting exoelectrogenic bacterial species from soil samples, measuring bacterial growth using the measurements of optical density (OD), cell dry weight (CDW), and viable cell count, and calculating the electricity generation. A mixed bacterial culture from paddy field soil produced 77.62 µW of peak power and 0.70 mA of current, This higher performance can be due to the synergistic connections between diverse bacterial species in this mixed culture, which likely promoted more efficient electron transport and better substrate breakdown whereas a pure bacterial strain produced 51.32 µW and 0.28 mA. This study highlights the benefits of utilizing mixed microbial cultures in MFCs, which improve electricity output while maintaining stability over time.
References
2. Gusbeth, C., et al., Pulsed electric field treatment for bacteria reduction and its impact on hospital wastewater. Chemosphere, 2009. 75(2): p. 228-233.
3. Angenent, L.T., et al., Production of bioenergy and biochemicals from industrial and agricultural wastewater. Trends in Biotechnology, 2004. 22(9): p. 477-485.
4. Cord-Ruwisch, R., D.R. Lovley, and B. Schink, Growth of Geobacter sulfurreducens with acetate in syntrophic cooperation with hydrogen-oxidizing anaerobic partners. Applied and environmental microbiology, 1998. 64(6): p. 2232-2236.
5. Dewan, A., et al., Evaluating the performance of microbial fuel cells powering electronic devices. Journal of Power Sources, 2010. 195(1): p. 90-96.
6. Hu, Y., et al., Biofilm biology and engineering of Geobacter and Shewanella spp. for energy applications. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 2021. 9: p. 786416.
7. Logan, B.E. and J.M. Regan, Electricity-producing bacterial communities in microbial fuel cells. Trends in Microbiology, 2006. 14(12): p. 512-518.
8. Yang, Y., et al., Bacterial extracellular electron transfer in bioelectrochemical systems. Process Biochemistry, 2012. 47(12): p. 1707-1714.
9. Kim, B.H., I.S. Chang, and G.M. Gadd, Challenges in microbial fuel cell development and operation. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2007. 76(3): p. 485.
10. Pham, T.H., P. Aelterman, and W. Verstraete, Bioanode performance in bioelectrochemical systems: recent improvements and prospects. Trends in Biotechnology, 2009. 27(3): p. 168-178.
11. Wei, J., P. Liang, and X. Huang, Recent progress in electrodes for microbial fuel cells. Bioresour Technol, 2011. 102(20): p. 9335-44.
12. Inohana, Y., et al., Shewanella algae relatives capable of generating electricity from acetate contribute to coastal-sediment microbial fuel cells treating complex organic matter. Microbes and environments, 2020. 35(2): p. ME19161.
13. Morgado, L., et al., On the road to improve the bioremediation and electricity-harvesting skills of Geobacter sulfurreducens: functional and structural characterization of multihaem cytochromes. Biochemical Society Transactions, 2012. 40(6): p. 1295-1301.
14. Rabaey, K., et al., Biofuel cells select for microbial consortia that self-mediate electron transfer. Applied and environmental microbiology, 2004. 70(9): p. 5373-5382.
15. Strycharz-Glaven, S.M., et al., On the electrical conductivity of microbial nanowires and biofilms. Energy & Environmental Science, 2011. 4(11): p. 4366-4379.
16. Lovley, D.R., Syntrophy goes electric: direct interspecies electron transfer. Annual review of microbiology, 2017. 71(1): p. 643-664.
17. Pfeffer, C., et al., Filamentous bacteria transport electrons over centimetre distances. Nature, 2012. 491(7423): p. 218-221.
18. Tian, L., et al., Two key Geobacter species of wastewater-enriched electroactive biofilm respond differently to electric field. Water Research, 2022. 213: p. 118185.
19. Adhikari, R., et al., Conductivity of individual Geobacter pili. RSC Adv 6: 8354–8357, 2016.
20. Steubing, P.M., Isolation of an unknown bacterium from soil. Tested studies for laboratory teaching, 1993. 14: p. 81-114.
21. Myers, J.A., B.S. Curtis, and W.R. Curtis, Improving accuracy of cell and chromophore concentration measurements using optical density. BMC biophysics, 2013. 6: p. 1-16.
22. Fakhirruddin, F., et al. Electricity generation in Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) by bacterium isolated from rice paddy field soil. in E3S Web of Conferences. 2018. EDP Sciences.
23. Wang, N., et al., Bacterial community composition at anodes of microbial fuel cells for paddy soils: the effects of soil properties. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2015. 15: p. 926-936.
24. Rabaey, K. and W. Verstraete, Microbial fuel cells: novel biotechnology for energy generation. TRENDS in Biotechnology, 2005. 23(6): p. 291-298.
25. Freguia, S., et al., Microbial fuel cells operating on mixed fatty acids. Bioresource technology, 2010. 101(4): p. 1233-1238.
26. Rahimnejad, M., et al., Microbial fuel cell as new technology for bioelectricity generation: A review. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 2015. 54(3): p. 745-756.
27. Liu, H., S. Cheng, and B.E. Logan, Power generation in fed-batch microbial fuel cells as a function of ionic strength, temperature, and reactor configuration. Environmental science & technology, 2005. 39(14): p. 5488-5493.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Samin Khan
MPhil in Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad Pakistan
Shamsa Kanwal
MPhil Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
Zounaira
MPhil Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
Saud Aziz
Bachelor of Science in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
Najib Ullah
MPhil Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
Muhammad Ahmad Mujtaba Samad
B.S Applied Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Kainat Fatima
MPhil, University of Haripur, KPK
Muhammad Arsalan Murtaza
Pharm D, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad
Shah Faisal
MPhil. Microbiology, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
Eisha Aamir
Pharm-D, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad
Muhammad Hassan Raza
Pharm-D, University of Lahore, Islamabad Campus,
Sayab Khan
MPhil Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan