STUDY ON PRESENCE OF ABNORMAL VAGINAL DISCHARGE IN PREGNANT WOMEN AND ITS OUTCOME: PROSPECTIVE STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
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Keywords
Candidiasis, trichomoniasis, psychological, pregnancy, antenatal
Abstract
Vaginal discharge (VD) is a common symptom in women during the reproductive period, especially during pregnancy. Pathological VD during pregnancy is an important public health concern because it has a socio-psychological impact on women and influences feto-maternal outcomes. The study aims to estimate the prevalence of abnormal vaginal discharge in pregnant women, also focuses on the demographic profile and various risk factors associated with pathological VDs and their consequences on fetal and maternal health. A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in a tertiary care center in Mangalore. A total of 250 pregnant women with complaints of VD in the second and third trimesters with confirmation on speculum examination were recruited and evaluated for the etiology of discharge. Patients were followed until delivery and data regarding feto-maternal outcomes was collected. The prevalence of pathological VD among enrolled women was 39.33% and various etiologies were candidiasis (15.33%), bacterial vaginosis (10.66%), aerobic vaginitis (8.67%), and trichomoniasis (4.67%). These infections were significantly related to pre-term delivery and pre-term pre-labor rupture of membranes. Furthermore, the incidence of prematurity, and low birth weight neonates requiring neonatal intensive care unit care was significantly high in babies born to mothers with pathological VD. Vaginal infections affect both maternal and neonatal health, thus, increasing the likelihood of poor perinatal outcomes. Hence, we propose that routine screening for pathological VD for all pregnant women should be introduced into standard antenatal care.
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Manohar Ganapathi Revankar
Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacology, Kanachur Institute of Medical Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore.
Vijaya Manohar Revankar
Professor and Unit Head, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, K S Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore.
Shreenivas Revankar
Associate Professor, Shimogga Institute of Medical Sciences, Shimogga.
Niveditha Manjunath
Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore
Ananya M Revankar
K S Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore.