SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICRO AND MACRO NUTRIENTS FORTIFIED HUMIC SUBSTANCES, PGPB FORTIFIED HUMIC SUBSTANCES, AND ZINC MAGNESIUM FERRITE NANO COMPOSITE FORTIFIED HUMIC SUBSTANCES FERTILIZERS
Main Article Content
Keywords
Humic substances, Humic acid, Fulvic acid, nano-composite, PGPB, Phosphate and Potassium solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Abstract
All of Pakistan's provinces contain coal resources of 185 billion tones. Most of the Pakistani coal is utilized to produce energy, which is not environmentally beneficial. As a result, it is imperative to discover novel approaches to enhance the environmentally beneficial use of coal, and that's why scientists are so interested in it. This paper compares the synthesis of bio, organic, and nano fertilizers. It was done to find out how well native coal samples could be used for alkaline extraction of humic substances (HS) like fulvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA). The isolation of PGPB, and green synthesis of MgZn ferrite nano-composite were also done, which have a pH-buffering alkalinity, a cation exchange capacity, positive biological functions, and is widely used in agriculture. Using 0.1 M KOH, the coal samples collected from Punjab and Baluchistan, Pakistan, were examined for HS extraction. After shaking for 6-hour interval, the maximum percentage yields were obtained of FA and HA (71.5% and 37.5%, respectively) in coal sample number 5 whereas minimum yields of FA and HA were obtained 46 % and 21.5 % respectively, in coal sample no. 3. The highest values of the E4/E6 and E3/E5 ratios, which were computed using UV-visible spectroscopy to assess the degree of humification of HS samples, are 1.99 for HA and 222.52 for FA of sample no. 7. The PGPB isolates PSBW-R, KSBW-R, and AZOW-R produced both gram-positive and gram-negative findings. All isolates were able to metabolize all kinds of carbohydrates and shown a positive growth response when the pH was changed from 8 to 10 as well as at 40 and 50 ˚C temperatures. Coal, HA, FA, macro and micronutrients fortified HS, PGPB fortified HS, and MgZn ferrite nano-composite fortified HS were all characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and HPLC. The green synthesized nanocomposite was characterized using XRD, DLS, SEM, and TEM. It has been demonstrated that all fertilizers contain carboxylic acid, amino, and hydroxyl functional groups, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Statistix 8.1 software was used to examine the design's experimental findings. In which the LSD all-pairwise comparisons test means of FA and HA are not significantly different from one another as the P-value is less than 0.05.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
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Tanzila Aslam
PhD Scholar, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Zill-i- Huma Nazli
Professor, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Farhat Jubeen
Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Faiza Nazir
Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.