ESTIMATION OF THE ROLE OF MATERNAL ANAEMIA IN FETAL HEMOGLOBINOPATHIES VIA CORD BLOOD ANALYSIS.
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Abstract
Background: Anemia is the most prevalent medical condition during pregnancy. According to the World Health Organization, anemia in pregnancy is defined as having a hemoglobin concentration below 11 g/dl and a hematocrit below 33%. Iron deficiency is the primary cause of anemia in over 90% of cases, while deficiencies in folic acid and vitamin B12 account for 5% of total cases. Additionally, there is a direct correlation between maternal hemoglobin levels and the presence of anemia in newborns, with mothers who are anemic more likely to give birth to anemic infants.
In this study we have studied the effect of maternal anemia to the neonatal anemia by estimation of cord hemoglobin levels.
Material and Methods: We enrolled 71 anemic mothers coming to tertiary care center and investigated for CBC parameters were studied like hemoglobin, MCH, MCHC, MCV and Hematocrit. The data were analysed for the effect of maternal hemoglobin level on neonatal hemoglobin.
Result: In our study, we found that:
Cord blood hemoglobin (HB) was significantly lower in severe maternal anemia (7.00) compared to mild (8.73) and moderate (8.76) cases (p<0.05).
Newborn Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) was significantly lower in severe maternal anemia (100.00) compared to mild (100.22) and moderate (102.21) cases (p<0.05).
Newborn Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) was significantly lower in severe maternal anemia (33.90) compared to mild (34.08) and moderate (34.83) cases (p<0.05).
Newborn Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) was significantly higher in severe maternal anemia (33.90) compared to mild (33.20) and moderate (33.53) cases (p<0.05).
Newborn hematocrit (%) was significantly higher in moderate maternal anemia (46.44) compared to mild (36.49) and severe (38.30) cases (p<0.05).
Conclusion: the maternal anemia having direct relation with the fetal hemoglobin level, MCH, MCHC ,MCV AND Hematocrit of the neonate and is having direct impact on the neonatal anemia.
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Dr. Siddheshwar Lakhe
MBBS, MD , Senior resident at Dept. of Paediatrics, Vilasrao Deshmukh Government Medical college , Latur
Dr. Rohit Male
MBBS, MD ,Senior resident at Dept. of Paediatrics, Vilasrao Deshmukh Government Medical college, Latur
Dr. Mahesh Patil
MBBS, MD ,Assistant Professor Dept. of Paediatrics, Vilasrao Deshmukh Government Medical college , Latur