SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOLOGICAL SCREENING OF NOVEL THIOSEMICARBAZONES WITH MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES
Main Article Content
Keywords
Organic Synthesis, Thiosemicarbazones, Molecular docking, Anti-bacterial, Anti-oxidant
Abstract
Thiosemicarbazones were synthesized by reacting carbonyl compounds with those micarbazide, the prepared thisemicar bazones such as (2E)-N-phenyl-2-[(1,5,7-trichloronaphthalen-2-yl)methylidene] hydrazine-1-carbothioamide,(2E)-N-phenyl-2-[(1,5,7-trihydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)methylidene] hydrazine-1-carbothioamide were characterized using diverse spectral techniques, such as UV–Vis and FT-IR. The synthesized compounds were subsequently evaluated for their antibacterial properties against Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negative Escherichia coli, using ciprofloxacin as a reference, as well as for their antidiabetic activities. For the evaluation of anti-diabetic activity, Acarbose served as the reference. Molecular docking results indicated that WS-1 and WS-2 exhibited superior performance against Alpha-glucosidase proteins, evidenced by their lowest binding energies (-8.4 and -8.6 kcal/mol, respectively) compared to other ligands. These findings suggest that WS-1 and WS-2 are promising candidates for further research and development by pharmaceutical companies to explore additional biological activities.
References
[1] E. Bavin, R. Rees, J. Robson, M. Seiler, D. Seymour, D. Suddaby, The tuberculostatic activity of some thiosemicarbazones, J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 2 (1) (1950) 764–772.
[2] D. Larsen, L.M. Langhorn, O.M. Akselsen, B.E. Nielsen, Pittelkow MJCs., Thiosemicarbazone organocatalysis: tetrahydropyranylation and 2-deoxygalactosylation reactions and kinetics-based mechanistic investigation, Chem. Sci. 8 (12) (2017) 7978–7982.
[3] C. Biot, B. Pradines, M.-H. Sergeant, J. Gut, P.J. Rosenthal, K. Chibale, Design, synthesis, and antimalarial activity of structural chimeras of thiosemicarbazone and ferroquine analogues, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 17 (23) (2007) 6434–6438.
[4] Shoukat, W., Hussain, M., Ali, A., Shafiq, N., Chughtai, A. H., Shakoor, B., ... & Mohany, M. (2025). Design, Synthesis, characterization and biological screening of novel thiosemicarbazones and their derivatives with Potent Antibacterial and Antidiabetic Activities. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1320, 139614.
[5] D. Banerjee, P. Yogeeswari, P. Bhat, A. Thomas, M. Srividya, D. Sriram, Novel isatinyl thiosemicarbazones derivatives as potential molecule to combat HIV-TB co-infection, European Eur. J. Med. Chem. 46 (1) (2011) 106–121.
[6] Afaq, S., Ashiq, F., Shoukat, W., Malik, W. M. A., Ismail, M., Ghafoor, A., ... & Chughtai, A. H. (2025). Highly enhanced electro-catalytic behavior of an amide functionalized Cu (II) coordination polymer on OER at large current densities. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1324, 140852.
[7] A. Siwek, J. Stefa´nska, K. Dzitko, A. Ruszczak, Antifungal effect of 4-arylthiosemicarbazides against Candida species. Search for molecular basis of antifungal activity of thiosemicarbazide derivatives, J. Mol. Model. 18 (9) (2012) 4159–4170.
[8] Ain, Q. U., Nazli, Z. I. H., Aslam, M., Zafar, I., Afridi, H. I., Unar, A., ... & Alsahli, A. A. (2024). Multifunctional Analysis of Banana Leaves Extracts for Dyeing Properties of Pima Cotton Fabric Using Different Mordants. Natural Product Communications, 19(2), 1934578X241231463.
[9] C. Shipman Jr, S.H. Smith, J.C. Drach, D.L. Klayman, Antiviral activity of 2-acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazones against herpes simplex virus, Antimicrob. Agents Ch. 19 (4) (1981) 682.
[10] Shoukat, W., Hussain, M., Mukhtiar, N., Hussain, S., & Shoukat, M. N. (2023). Exploring the Antibacterial Activities and Preliminary Sensing Studies of a Quinoline-Functionalized Thiosemicarbazone Derivative.
[11] A.J. Kesel, Broad-spectrum antiviral activity including human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C viruses mediated by a novel retinoid thiosemicarbazone derivative, Eur. J. Med. Chem. 46 (5) (2011) 1656–1664.
[12] Rehman, M. F. U., Zahra, M., Shoukat, W., Reshak, A. H., Ali, D., Raza, A., ... & Ramli, M. M. (2023). Surface modified ZnO nano structures: Electrochemical studies for energy applications and removal of emerging organic pollutant dye by photo induced hetero-catalysis. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 157, 111276.
[13] C. Stineman, J. Vance, D. West, I. Hall, The cytotoxicity of copper (II) complexes of 2-acetyl-pyridyl-4N-substituted thiosemicarbazones, Anticancer Res. 18 (6A) (1998) 4131–4139.
[14] Haidri, I., Qasim, M., Shahid, M., Farooq, M. M., Abbas, M. Q., Fatima, R., ... & Ullah, Q. (2024). Enhancing the Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Soil Microbial Biomass of tomato plants against the stress of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate by the application of bamboo biochar. Remittances Review, 9(2), 1609-1633.
[15] C. Chen, Y. Miao, K. De Winter, et al., Ruthenium-based catalytic systems incorporating a labile cyclooctadiene ligand with N-heterocyclic carbene precursors for the atom-economic alcohol amidation using amines, Molecules. 23 (10) (2018) 2413.
[16] Zafar, I., Rasool, R., Kausar, T., Ayaz, M. M., Fatima, H., Shoukat, W., & Ain, Q. U. (2025). Intervening with Fish Genetics and Breeding Programs to End Hunger and Achieve Food Security and Nutrition. A Global Perspective. In Food Security, Nutrition and Sustainability Through Aquaculture Technologies (pp. 129-172). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.
[17] A. Ramzan, A. Nazeer, A. Irfan, et al., Synthesis and Antiplatelet Potential Evaluation of 1, 3, 4-Oxadiazoles Derivatives, Int. J. Phys. Chem. 233 (12) (2019) 1741–1759.
[18] Shoukat, W., Shoukat, M. N., Hussain, S., Masood, M., Saeed, R., & Nazeer, M. N. (2022). An Efficient Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterizaton of Novel Thiosemicarbazone and Complexes. Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science, 3(5), 367-372.
[19]P.C. Sharma, K.K. Bansal, A. Sharma, D. Sharma, A. Deep, Thiazole-containing compounds as therapeutic targets for cancer therapy, Eur. J. Med. Chem. 188 (2020) 112016.
[20] Raza, A., Rehman, M. F. U., Javed, M., Zahra, M., Iqbal, S., Shoukat, W., ... & Farouk, A. E. (2024). RETRACTED ARTICLE: Fabrication of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Films Based on Graphene Oxide and Carbon Nanotubes for Nitrogenous Compound Sensing in Fuel Chemicals. JOM, 76(1), 588-588.
[21] K.D. Hargrave, F.K. Hess, J.T. Oliver, N-(4-Substituted-thiazolyl) oxamic acid derivatives, new series of potent, orally active antiallergy agents, J. Med. Chem. 26 (8) (1983) 1158–1163.
[22] Hussain, A., Noureen, A., Shoukat, W., Hussain, S., Ali, F., Ujjan, J. A., ... & Bapar, N. A. (2021). Mitigating The Effect of Salinity Stress through Foliar Application of Benzoic Acid in Spring Maize (Zea mays. L). Ilkogretim Online, 20(5), 7707-7712.
[23] P.C. Sharma, D. Sharma, A. Sharma, et al., New horizons in benzothiazole scaffold for cancer therapy: Advances in bioactivity, functionality, and chemistry, Appl. Mater. Today. 20 (2020) 100783.
[24] Raza, Aoun, M. Rehman, Mohsin Javed, Manzar Zahra, Shahid Iqbal, Waseem Shoukat, Yosef Jazaa et al. "Fabrication of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Films Based on Graphene Oxide and Carbon Nanotubes for Nitrogenous Compound Sensing in Fuel Chemicals." JOM (2023): 1-10.
[25] W.C. Patt, H.W. Hamilton, M.D. Taylor, et al., Structure-activity relationships of a series of 2-amino-4-thiazole-containing renin inhibitors, J. Med. Chem. 35 (14) (1992) 2562–2572.
[26] Shoukat, W., Hussain, S., Noureen, A., Khan, G., Ujjan, J. A., Zohra, A., ... & Saeed, H. (2021). Bacterial and Fungal Species of Oil Contaminated Soil of Banda Dauood Shah, KP Pakistan. Ilkogretim Online, 20(5), 7763-7769.
[27] F.W. Bell, A.S. Cntrell, M. Hoegberg, et al., Phenethylthiazolethiourea (PETT) compounds, a new class of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors. 1. Synthesis and basic structure-activity relationship studies of PETT analogs, J. Med. Chem. 38 (25) (1995) 4929–4936.
[28] Hussain, Altaf, Asma Noureen, Waseem Shoukat, Shujaat Hussain, Fawad Ali, Javed Ahmad Ujjan, Fawad Shabir Memon, and Nazir Ahmad Bapar. "Mitigating The Effect of Salinity Stress through Foliar Application of Benzoic Acid in Spring Maize (Zea mays. L)." Elementary Education Online 20, no. 5 (2021): 7707-7707.
[29] A. Kashyap, N Adhikari, A. Das, et al., Review on synthetic chemistry and antibacterial importance of thiazole derivatives, Curr. Drug. Discov. Technol. 15 (3) (2018) 214–228.
[30] Ather, N., Junaid, G., Abbas, W., Ramzan, S., Iqbal, Z., Rizwan, M., ... & Ramzan, M. Beyond Origins: Evolution and Extinction of humans Unraveling the Remarkable Story of Life's Evolution from Single-Celled Organisms to Modern Humans.
[31] Farukh, M., & Noureen, A. (2021). Fungi and bacteria as potent hydrocarbon degraders. Ilkogretim Online, 20(5), 7758-7762.
[32]Rind, K. H., Manzoor, S., Ali, S., Qureshi, W. A., & Saeed, H. (2021). Evaluating Fungal and Bacterial strains as hydrocarbon degrader from the soil of workshops. Ilkogretim Online, 20(3), 2175-2180.
[33]Shoukat, W., Hussain, S., Noureen, A., Khan, G., Ujjan, J. A., Zohra, A., ... & Saeed, H. (2021). Bacterial and Fungal Species of Oil Contaminated Soil of Banda Dauood Shah, KP Pakistan. Ilkogretim Online, 20(5), 7763-7769.
[34]Raza, A., Zahra, M., Qayyum, I., Shukat, W., & Zada, Z. (2023). Synthesis and Aromatic Diamine Intercalation of Graphene Oxide to Tailor the Electrochemical Properties. Iran. J. Chem. Chem. Eng. Research Article Vol, 42(5).
[35]Qayyum, I., Rehman, F. U., Zahra, M., Batool, K., Shoukat, W., Arshad, S., & Zada, Z. (2023). Progressive innovations in advanced functional materials for emerging bio-electronics, drugs sensing and healthcare. J Drug Alcohol Res, 12, 5.
[36] Chughtai, A. H., Ahmad, N., Younus, H. A., Laypkov, A., & Verpoort, F. (2015). Metal–organic frameworks: versatile heterogeneous catalysts for efficient catalytic organic transformations. Chemical Society Reviews, 44(19), 6804-6849.
[37]Chughtai, A. H., Ahmad, N., Younus, H. A., Verpoort, F., & Laypkov, A. (2015). Metal-organic frameworks: Versatile heterogeneous catalysts for efficient catalytic organic transformations. Chemical Society Reviews, 44(19), 6804-6849.
[38]Ahmad, N., Younus, H. A., Chughtai, A. H., & Verpoort, F. (2015). Metal–organic molecular cages: applications of biochemical implications. Chemical Society Reviews, 44(1), 9-25.
[39]Ali, R., Mahmood, A., Khan, M. A., Chughtai, A. H., Shahid, M., Shakir, I., & Warsi, M. F. (2014). Impacts of Ni–Co substitution on the structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of magnesium nano-ferrites fabricated by micro-emulsion method. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 584, 363-368.
[40]Ahmad, N., Younus, H. A., Chughtai, A. H., Van Hecke, K., Khattak, Z. A., Gaoke, Z., ... & Verpoort, F. (2018). Synthesis of 2D MOF having potential for efficient dye adsorption and catalytic applications. Catalysis Science & Technology, 8(16), 4010-4017.
[41]Zubair, A., Ahmad, Z., Mahmood, A., Cheong, W. C., Ali, I., Khan, M. A., ... & Ashiq, M. N. (2017). Structural, morphological and magnetic properties of Eu-doped CoFe2O4 nano-ferrites. Results in physics, 7, 3203-3208.
[42]Nazar, N., Manzoor, S., ur Rehman, Y., Bibi, I., Tyagi, D., Chughtai, A. H., ... & Ashiq, M. N. (2022). Metal-organic framework derived CeO2/C nanorod arrays directly grown on nickel foam as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for OER. Fuel, 307, 121823.
[43]Ahmed Malik, W. M., Afaq, S., Mahmood, A., Niu, L., Yousaf ur Rehman, M., Ibrahim, M., ... & Chughtai, A. H. (2022). A facile synthesis of CeO2 from the GO@ Ce-MOF precursor and its efficient performance in the oxygen evolution reaction. Frontiers in Chemistry, 10, 996560.
[44]Afaq, S., Akram, M. U., Malik, W. M. A., Ismail, M., Ghafoor, A., Ibrahim, M., ... & Chughtai, A. H. (2023). Amide Functionalized Mesoporous MOF LOCOM-1 as a Stable Highly Active Basic Catalyst for Knoevenagel Condensation Reaction. ACS omega, 8(7), 6638-6649.
[45]Sirati, M. M., Hussain, D., Mahmood, K., Chughtai, A. H., Yousaf-Ur-Rehman, M., Malik, W. M. A., ... & Ashiq, M. N. (2022). Single-step hydrothermal synthesis of amine functionalized Ce-MOF for electrochemical water splitting. Journal of Taibah University for Sciece, 16(1), 525-534.
[46] Y. Byun, D. Darby, K. Cooksey, P. Dawson, S. Whiteside, Develoment of oxygen scavenging system containing a natural free radical scavenger and a transition metal, Food Chem. 124 (2) (2011) 615–619.
[47] P.A. Waghorn, M.W. Jones, M.B. Theobald, et al., Shining light on the stability of metal thiosemicarbazonate complexes in living cells by FLIM, Chem. Sci. 4 (4) (2013) 1430–1441.
[48] M. Pagano, B. Demoro, J. Toloza, et al., Effect of ruthenium complexation on trypanocidal activity of 5-nitrofuryl containing thiosemicarbazones, Eur. J. Med. Chem. 44 (12) (2009) 4937–4943.
[49] N. Ahmad, A.H. Chughtai, H.A. Younus, F. Verpoort, Discrete metal-carboxylate self-assembled cages: Design, synthesis and applications, Coord. Chem. Rev. 280 (2014) 1–27.
[50] N. Foroughifar, A. Mobinikhaledi, H. Moghanian, Simple and efficient method for synthesis of novel 4-substituted 1-acylthiosemicarbazides via one-pot multicomponent reactions, Synth. Commun. 39 (20) (2009) 3668–3676.
[51] C. Tascini, G. Gemignani, S. Ferranti, et al., Microbiological activity and clinical efficacy of a colistin and rifampin combination in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, J. Chemother. 16 (3) (2004) 282–287.
[2] D. Larsen, L.M. Langhorn, O.M. Akselsen, B.E. Nielsen, Pittelkow MJCs., Thiosemicarbazone organocatalysis: tetrahydropyranylation and 2-deoxygalactosylation reactions and kinetics-based mechanistic investigation, Chem. Sci. 8 (12) (2017) 7978–7982.
[3] C. Biot, B. Pradines, M.-H. Sergeant, J. Gut, P.J. Rosenthal, K. Chibale, Design, synthesis, and antimalarial activity of structural chimeras of thiosemicarbazone and ferroquine analogues, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 17 (23) (2007) 6434–6438.
[4] Shoukat, W., Hussain, M., Ali, A., Shafiq, N., Chughtai, A. H., Shakoor, B., ... & Mohany, M. (2025). Design, Synthesis, characterization and biological screening of novel thiosemicarbazones and their derivatives with Potent Antibacterial and Antidiabetic Activities. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1320, 139614.
[5] D. Banerjee, P. Yogeeswari, P. Bhat, A. Thomas, M. Srividya, D. Sriram, Novel isatinyl thiosemicarbazones derivatives as potential molecule to combat HIV-TB co-infection, European Eur. J. Med. Chem. 46 (1) (2011) 106–121.
[6] Afaq, S., Ashiq, F., Shoukat, W., Malik, W. M. A., Ismail, M., Ghafoor, A., ... & Chughtai, A. H. (2025). Highly enhanced electro-catalytic behavior of an amide functionalized Cu (II) coordination polymer on OER at large current densities. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1324, 140852.
[7] A. Siwek, J. Stefa´nska, K. Dzitko, A. Ruszczak, Antifungal effect of 4-arylthiosemicarbazides against Candida species. Search for molecular basis of antifungal activity of thiosemicarbazide derivatives, J. Mol. Model. 18 (9) (2012) 4159–4170.
[8] Ain, Q. U., Nazli, Z. I. H., Aslam, M., Zafar, I., Afridi, H. I., Unar, A., ... & Alsahli, A. A. (2024). Multifunctional Analysis of Banana Leaves Extracts for Dyeing Properties of Pima Cotton Fabric Using Different Mordants. Natural Product Communications, 19(2), 1934578X241231463.
[9] C. Shipman Jr, S.H. Smith, J.C. Drach, D.L. Klayman, Antiviral activity of 2-acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazones against herpes simplex virus, Antimicrob. Agents Ch. 19 (4) (1981) 682.
[10] Shoukat, W., Hussain, M., Mukhtiar, N., Hussain, S., & Shoukat, M. N. (2023). Exploring the Antibacterial Activities and Preliminary Sensing Studies of a Quinoline-Functionalized Thiosemicarbazone Derivative.
[11] A.J. Kesel, Broad-spectrum antiviral activity including human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C viruses mediated by a novel retinoid thiosemicarbazone derivative, Eur. J. Med. Chem. 46 (5) (2011) 1656–1664.
[12] Rehman, M. F. U., Zahra, M., Shoukat, W., Reshak, A. H., Ali, D., Raza, A., ... & Ramli, M. M. (2023). Surface modified ZnO nano structures: Electrochemical studies for energy applications and removal of emerging organic pollutant dye by photo induced hetero-catalysis. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 157, 111276.
[13] C. Stineman, J. Vance, D. West, I. Hall, The cytotoxicity of copper (II) complexes of 2-acetyl-pyridyl-4N-substituted thiosemicarbazones, Anticancer Res. 18 (6A) (1998) 4131–4139.
[14] Haidri, I., Qasim, M., Shahid, M., Farooq, M. M., Abbas, M. Q., Fatima, R., ... & Ullah, Q. (2024). Enhancing the Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Soil Microbial Biomass of tomato plants against the stress of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate by the application of bamboo biochar. Remittances Review, 9(2), 1609-1633.
[15] C. Chen, Y. Miao, K. De Winter, et al., Ruthenium-based catalytic systems incorporating a labile cyclooctadiene ligand with N-heterocyclic carbene precursors for the atom-economic alcohol amidation using amines, Molecules. 23 (10) (2018) 2413.
[16] Zafar, I., Rasool, R., Kausar, T., Ayaz, M. M., Fatima, H., Shoukat, W., & Ain, Q. U. (2025). Intervening with Fish Genetics and Breeding Programs to End Hunger and Achieve Food Security and Nutrition. A Global Perspective. In Food Security, Nutrition and Sustainability Through Aquaculture Technologies (pp. 129-172). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.
[17] A. Ramzan, A. Nazeer, A. Irfan, et al., Synthesis and Antiplatelet Potential Evaluation of 1, 3, 4-Oxadiazoles Derivatives, Int. J. Phys. Chem. 233 (12) (2019) 1741–1759.
[18] Shoukat, W., Shoukat, M. N., Hussain, S., Masood, M., Saeed, R., & Nazeer, M. N. (2022). An Efficient Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterizaton of Novel Thiosemicarbazone and Complexes. Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science, 3(5), 367-372.
[19]P.C. Sharma, K.K. Bansal, A. Sharma, D. Sharma, A. Deep, Thiazole-containing compounds as therapeutic targets for cancer therapy, Eur. J. Med. Chem. 188 (2020) 112016.
[20] Raza, A., Rehman, M. F. U., Javed, M., Zahra, M., Iqbal, S., Shoukat, W., ... & Farouk, A. E. (2024). RETRACTED ARTICLE: Fabrication of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Films Based on Graphene Oxide and Carbon Nanotubes for Nitrogenous Compound Sensing in Fuel Chemicals. JOM, 76(1), 588-588.
[21] K.D. Hargrave, F.K. Hess, J.T. Oliver, N-(4-Substituted-thiazolyl) oxamic acid derivatives, new series of potent, orally active antiallergy agents, J. Med. Chem. 26 (8) (1983) 1158–1163.
[22] Hussain, A., Noureen, A., Shoukat, W., Hussain, S., Ali, F., Ujjan, J. A., ... & Bapar, N. A. (2021). Mitigating The Effect of Salinity Stress through Foliar Application of Benzoic Acid in Spring Maize (Zea mays. L). Ilkogretim Online, 20(5), 7707-7712.
[23] P.C. Sharma, D. Sharma, A. Sharma, et al., New horizons in benzothiazole scaffold for cancer therapy: Advances in bioactivity, functionality, and chemistry, Appl. Mater. Today. 20 (2020) 100783.
[24] Raza, Aoun, M. Rehman, Mohsin Javed, Manzar Zahra, Shahid Iqbal, Waseem Shoukat, Yosef Jazaa et al. "Fabrication of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Films Based on Graphene Oxide and Carbon Nanotubes for Nitrogenous Compound Sensing in Fuel Chemicals." JOM (2023): 1-10.
[25] W.C. Patt, H.W. Hamilton, M.D. Taylor, et al., Structure-activity relationships of a series of 2-amino-4-thiazole-containing renin inhibitors, J. Med. Chem. 35 (14) (1992) 2562–2572.
[26] Shoukat, W., Hussain, S., Noureen, A., Khan, G., Ujjan, J. A., Zohra, A., ... & Saeed, H. (2021). Bacterial and Fungal Species of Oil Contaminated Soil of Banda Dauood Shah, KP Pakistan. Ilkogretim Online, 20(5), 7763-7769.
[27] F.W. Bell, A.S. Cntrell, M. Hoegberg, et al., Phenethylthiazolethiourea (PETT) compounds, a new class of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors. 1. Synthesis and basic structure-activity relationship studies of PETT analogs, J. Med. Chem. 38 (25) (1995) 4929–4936.
[28] Hussain, Altaf, Asma Noureen, Waseem Shoukat, Shujaat Hussain, Fawad Ali, Javed Ahmad Ujjan, Fawad Shabir Memon, and Nazir Ahmad Bapar. "Mitigating The Effect of Salinity Stress through Foliar Application of Benzoic Acid in Spring Maize (Zea mays. L)." Elementary Education Online 20, no. 5 (2021): 7707-7707.
[29] A. Kashyap, N Adhikari, A. Das, et al., Review on synthetic chemistry and antibacterial importance of thiazole derivatives, Curr. Drug. Discov. Technol. 15 (3) (2018) 214–228.
[30] Ather, N., Junaid, G., Abbas, W., Ramzan, S., Iqbal, Z., Rizwan, M., ... & Ramzan, M. Beyond Origins: Evolution and Extinction of humans Unraveling the Remarkable Story of Life's Evolution from Single-Celled Organisms to Modern Humans.
[31] Farukh, M., & Noureen, A. (2021). Fungi and bacteria as potent hydrocarbon degraders. Ilkogretim Online, 20(5), 7758-7762.
[32]Rind, K. H., Manzoor, S., Ali, S., Qureshi, W. A., & Saeed, H. (2021). Evaluating Fungal and Bacterial strains as hydrocarbon degrader from the soil of workshops. Ilkogretim Online, 20(3), 2175-2180.
[33]Shoukat, W., Hussain, S., Noureen, A., Khan, G., Ujjan, J. A., Zohra, A., ... & Saeed, H. (2021). Bacterial and Fungal Species of Oil Contaminated Soil of Banda Dauood Shah, KP Pakistan. Ilkogretim Online, 20(5), 7763-7769.
[34]Raza, A., Zahra, M., Qayyum, I., Shukat, W., & Zada, Z. (2023). Synthesis and Aromatic Diamine Intercalation of Graphene Oxide to Tailor the Electrochemical Properties. Iran. J. Chem. Chem. Eng. Research Article Vol, 42(5).
[35]Qayyum, I., Rehman, F. U., Zahra, M., Batool, K., Shoukat, W., Arshad, S., & Zada, Z. (2023). Progressive innovations in advanced functional materials for emerging bio-electronics, drugs sensing and healthcare. J Drug Alcohol Res, 12, 5.
[36] Chughtai, A. H., Ahmad, N., Younus, H. A., Laypkov, A., & Verpoort, F. (2015). Metal–organic frameworks: versatile heterogeneous catalysts for efficient catalytic organic transformations. Chemical Society Reviews, 44(19), 6804-6849.
[37]Chughtai, A. H., Ahmad, N., Younus, H. A., Verpoort, F., & Laypkov, A. (2015). Metal-organic frameworks: Versatile heterogeneous catalysts for efficient catalytic organic transformations. Chemical Society Reviews, 44(19), 6804-6849.
[38]Ahmad, N., Younus, H. A., Chughtai, A. H., & Verpoort, F. (2015). Metal–organic molecular cages: applications of biochemical implications. Chemical Society Reviews, 44(1), 9-25.
[39]Ali, R., Mahmood, A., Khan, M. A., Chughtai, A. H., Shahid, M., Shakir, I., & Warsi, M. F. (2014). Impacts of Ni–Co substitution on the structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of magnesium nano-ferrites fabricated by micro-emulsion method. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 584, 363-368.
[40]Ahmad, N., Younus, H. A., Chughtai, A. H., Van Hecke, K., Khattak, Z. A., Gaoke, Z., ... & Verpoort, F. (2018). Synthesis of 2D MOF having potential for efficient dye adsorption and catalytic applications. Catalysis Science & Technology, 8(16), 4010-4017.
[41]Zubair, A., Ahmad, Z., Mahmood, A., Cheong, W. C., Ali, I., Khan, M. A., ... & Ashiq, M. N. (2017). Structural, morphological and magnetic properties of Eu-doped CoFe2O4 nano-ferrites. Results in physics, 7, 3203-3208.
[42]Nazar, N., Manzoor, S., ur Rehman, Y., Bibi, I., Tyagi, D., Chughtai, A. H., ... & Ashiq, M. N. (2022). Metal-organic framework derived CeO2/C nanorod arrays directly grown on nickel foam as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for OER. Fuel, 307, 121823.
[43]Ahmed Malik, W. M., Afaq, S., Mahmood, A., Niu, L., Yousaf ur Rehman, M., Ibrahim, M., ... & Chughtai, A. H. (2022). A facile synthesis of CeO2 from the GO@ Ce-MOF precursor and its efficient performance in the oxygen evolution reaction. Frontiers in Chemistry, 10, 996560.
[44]Afaq, S., Akram, M. U., Malik, W. M. A., Ismail, M., Ghafoor, A., Ibrahim, M., ... & Chughtai, A. H. (2023). Amide Functionalized Mesoporous MOF LOCOM-1 as a Stable Highly Active Basic Catalyst for Knoevenagel Condensation Reaction. ACS omega, 8(7), 6638-6649.
[45]Sirati, M. M., Hussain, D., Mahmood, K., Chughtai, A. H., Yousaf-Ur-Rehman, M., Malik, W. M. A., ... & Ashiq, M. N. (2022). Single-step hydrothermal synthesis of amine functionalized Ce-MOF for electrochemical water splitting. Journal of Taibah University for Sciece, 16(1), 525-534.
[46] Y. Byun, D. Darby, K. Cooksey, P. Dawson, S. Whiteside, Develoment of oxygen scavenging system containing a natural free radical scavenger and a transition metal, Food Chem. 124 (2) (2011) 615–619.
[47] P.A. Waghorn, M.W. Jones, M.B. Theobald, et al., Shining light on the stability of metal thiosemicarbazonate complexes in living cells by FLIM, Chem. Sci. 4 (4) (2013) 1430–1441.
[48] M. Pagano, B. Demoro, J. Toloza, et al., Effect of ruthenium complexation on trypanocidal activity of 5-nitrofuryl containing thiosemicarbazones, Eur. J. Med. Chem. 44 (12) (2009) 4937–4943.
[49] N. Ahmad, A.H. Chughtai, H.A. Younus, F. Verpoort, Discrete metal-carboxylate self-assembled cages: Design, synthesis and applications, Coord. Chem. Rev. 280 (2014) 1–27.
[50] N. Foroughifar, A. Mobinikhaledi, H. Moghanian, Simple and efficient method for synthesis of novel 4-substituted 1-acylthiosemicarbazides via one-pot multicomponent reactions, Synth. Commun. 39 (20) (2009) 3668–3676.
[51] C. Tascini, G. Gemignani, S. Ferranti, et al., Microbiological activity and clinical efficacy of a colistin and rifampin combination in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, J. Chemother. 16 (3) (2004) 282–287.
Article Sidebar
Published
Jan 06, 2025
Article Details
How to Cite
Adeel Hussain Chughtai, Wasif Mehmood Ahmad Malik, Safia Manzoor, Zohaib Ashraf, Shumaila Ashraf, Muhammad Nadeem Shoukat, & Muhammad Mueen. (2025). SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOLOGICAL SCREENING OF NOVEL THIOSEMICARBAZONES WITH MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 32(1), 50-63. https://doi.org/10.53555/qcpdrt18
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Author Biographies
Adeel Hussain Chughtai
Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
Wasif Mehmood Ahmad Malik
Department of Chemistry Emerson University Multan, Multab 60800, Punjab, Pakistan.
Safia Manzoor
Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
Zohaib Ashraf
Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
Shumaila Ashraf
Department of Chemistry Emerson University Multan, Multab 60800, Punjab, Pakistan.
Muhammad Nadeem Shoukat
Department of Chemistry Emerson University Multan, Multab 60800, Punjab, Pakistan.
Muhammad Mueen
SA – Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Science (SA-CIRBS),Faculty of Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad (IIUI), Pakistan.
How to Cite
Adeel Hussain Chughtai, Wasif Mehmood Ahmad Malik, Safia Manzoor, Zohaib Ashraf, Shumaila Ashraf, Muhammad Nadeem Shoukat, & Muhammad Mueen. (2025). SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOLOGICAL SCREENING OF NOVEL THIOSEMICARBAZONES WITH MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 32(1), 50-63. https://doi.org/10.53555/qcpdrt18