PHENOTYPIC IDENTIFICATION OF AMPC BETA-LACTAMASE AND ESBL IN CLINICAL ISOLATES OF COMMON GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS
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Keywords
AmpC beta-lactamase, Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), Gram-negative bacteria, Antibiotic resistance, Phenotypic identification
Abstract
Background: The emergence of antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, particularly those producing AmpC beta-lactamases and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), poses a significant challenge in clinical settings. This study aimed to phenotypically identify the prevalence of AmpC and ESBL producers among common Gram-negative bacterial isolates in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at [Institution Name] from January 2024 to September 2024. A total of 180 clinical isolates were collected from various specimens. Gram-negative bacilli were identified using standard microbiological techniques, and antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The production of AmpC and ESBL was determined using specific phenotypic tests, including the double-disc synergy test and inhibition zone measurement.
Results: Out of 180 isolates, 65 Gram-negative bacilli were identified, with Escherichia coli (33.8%) being the most prevalent organism, followed by Klebsiellapneumoniae (24.6%). The study revealed alarming resistance rates to key antibiotics, with E. coli showing 90.9% resistance to cefoxitin. A total of 24 isolates (36.9%) were confirmed as ESBL producers, while 15 (23%) produced AmpC beta-lactamase. Notably, 8 isolates (12.3%) exhibited dual ESBL and AmpC production.
Conclusion: The findings underscore a significant prevalence of AmpC and ESBL production among clinically relevant Gram-negative bacteria. This highlights the urgent need for robust antibiotic stewardship programs and regular surveillance of resistance patterns to effectively manage and treat infections caused by these multidrug-resistant organisms. Continued efforts are necessary to optimize the use of existing antibiotics and mitigate the rise of resistance in clinical settings.
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Dr Pinki Kumari
Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, PhuloJhano Medical College, Dumka, Jharkhand
Dr Jiwesh Kumar Thakur
Professor, Dept. of Surgery, Gouri Devi Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Durgapur, India.
Amit Kumar Patel
Senior resident, Department of Microbiology, PhuloJhano Medical College, Dumka, Jharkhand
Dr Aditya Kumar Jha
Specialist Medical officer, Sadar Hospital, Chaibasa, Jharkhand
Dr.Manas Ranjan Sahoo
Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Fakir Mohan Medical College, Balasore, odisha, India
Dr. Sai Ravi Kiran Biri
Professor, Department of Biochemistry, PhuloJhano Medical College, Dumka, Jharkhand