EFFECT OF VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTATION DURING PREGNANCY AND ITS OUTCOMES FOR MOTHER AND CHILD
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Abstract
Introduction: Vitamin D, a vital micronutrient, plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including bone health, immune function, and cellular regulation.
Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the effect of Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and its outcomes for mother and child.
Material and methods: This prospective study was conducted at Sandeman Provincial Hospital Quetta from June 2023 to December 2023. Baseline data on maternal characteristics, including age, parity, BMI, and socioeconomic status, were collected at enrollment. Maternal blood samples were obtained at regular intervals during pregnancy to assess serum vitamin D levels.
Results: Data was collected from 180 pregnant females. In the supplementation group (n=90), participants had a mean age of 28.02 years (± 4.56), slightly younger than the control group (n=90) with a mean age of 29.98 years (± 5.09). At baseline, both groups exhibited similar levels of vitamin D status, with mean levels of 15.1 ng/mL (± 3.02) in the supplementation group and 14.9 ng/mL (± 3.45) in the control group. In the supplementation group, maternal outcomes showed lower incidence rates compared to the control group, with 10% experiencing gestational diabetes compared to 15%, 8% experiencing preeclampsia compared to 12%, and 7% experiencing preterm birth compared to 10%. Neonatal outcomes also favored the supplementation group, with infants having higher birth weights (mean of 3.2 kg ± 0.3) compared to the control group (mean of 3.0 kg ± 0.4) and higher Apgar scores at 1 minute (mean of 9.2 ± 0.5 compared to 8.8 ± 0.6).
Conclusion: It is concluded that Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is widespread and has garnered increasing concern in the past decade, primarily due to its nonclassic actions, which contribute to various maternal and neonatal complications.
References
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Dr. Shazia Baloch
Consultant Gynaecologist, Gynae Unit 1 Sandeman Provincial Hospital Quetta
Dr. Rabia Iram
Consultant Gynaecologist, Gynae Unit 1 Sandeman Provincial Hospital Quetta
Dr. Aisa Sharif
Consultant Gynaecologist, THQ Hospital Murree
Dr. Nargis Taj
Assistant Professor Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bolan Medical College Quetta
Dr. Firdous Ara
Associate professor, OBG Unit 1, Sandeman Provincial Hospital Quetta
Dr. Maryam Shoaib
Associate Professor, Gynae unit 1, Sandeman Provincial Hospital Quetta