COMPARISON BETWEEN OUTCOMES OF INGUINAL HERNIOTOMY BY MITCHELL BANK AND MODIFIED FERGUSON TECHNIQUE FOR PEDIATRIC INGUINAL HERNIA
Main Article Content
Keywords
Children, Inguinal herniotomy, Mitchell-Banks technique, Modified Ferguson technique, Recurrence, Surgical outcomes
Abstract
Background: Inguinal hernia is a common pediatric condition stemming from a persistent processus vaginalis. Traditional approaches recommend the Mitchell-Banks’ herniotomy (MBT) for children under 2 years and the Ferguson herniotomy (FGT) for those over 2 years. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of these techniques across a broader age range.
Objective: To compare the outcomes of MBT and FGT in children aged 3 months to 6 years, focusing on surgical success and postoperative complications.
Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, conducted from July 2020 to June 2022, 190 children were equally divided into two groups: Group A underwent FGT and Group B underwent MBT. Follow-ups were scheduled at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post-surgery to assess hernia recurrence, wound infection, hydrocele, surgical hematoma, and testicular atrophy. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0, with a significance level set at P≤0.05.
Results: The MBT group comprised 95 patients (89.5% male, mean age 3.22±1.5 years); the FGT group also included 95 patients (88.4% male, mean age 2.85±1.6 years). At one-month follow-up, no recurrences were observed in the MBT group, while the FGT group reported a 3.1% recurrence rate.
Conclusion: The Mitchell-Banks’ technique is demonstrated to be a simple and effective method for inguinal herniotomy in children, showing a lower recurrence rate compared to the Modified Ferguson technique. It is viable for use in children beyond the traditionally recommended age of 2 years.
References
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2. Raveenthiran V, Agarwal P. Choice of repairing inguinal hernia in children: open versus laparoscopy. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 2017;84:555-63.
3. Sømme S, Bronsert M, Morrato E, Ziegler M. Frequency and variety of inpatient pediatric surgical procedures in the United States. Pediatrics. 2013;132(6):e1466-e72.
4. Dreuning K, Ten Broeke C, Twisk J, Robben S, Van Rijn R, Verbeke J, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of preoperative ultrasonography in predicting contralateral inguinal hernia in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European radiology. 2019;29:866-76.
5. Askarpour S, Peyvasteh M, Javaherizadeh H, Mehdianzadeh F. Recurrence and complications of pediatric inguinal hernia repair over 5 years. Annals of Pediatric Surgery. 2013;9(2):58-60.
6. Ksia A, Braiki M, Ouaghnan W, Sfar S, Ammar S, Youssef SB, et al. Male gender and prematurity are risk factors for incarceration in pediatric inguinal hernia: a study of 922 children. Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons. 2017;22(3):139-43.
7. Coran AGaC, Anthony and Adzick, N Scott and Krummel, Thomas M and Laberge, Jean-Martin and Shamberger, Robert. Pediatric surgery. AG C, editor. Philadelphia: Elesvier Health Sciences; 2012.
8. Fakhry T, Elhaw HI, Fawzy AN. Comparative study: repair of congenital inguinal hernia with and without opening the inguinal canal. International Surgery Journal. 2021;8(2):459-62.
9. Dagur G, Gandhi J, Suh Y, Weissbart S, Sheynkin YR, Smith NL, et al. Classifying hydroceles of the pelvis and groin: an overview of etiology, secondary complications, evaluation, and management. Current urology. 2017;10(1):1-14.
10. Hamid RaB, Nisar. One stitch abdominal closure herniotomy: An alternative to Laparoscopic hernia repair in infants. Current Pediatric Research. 2017.
11. Dreuning KaTB, CEM and Twisk, JWR and Robben, SGF and Van Rijn, RR and Verbeke, JIML and van Heurn, LWE and Derikx, JPM. Diagnostic accuracy of preoperative ultrasonography in predicting contralateral inguinal hernia in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European radiology. 2019;29:866--76.
12. Esposito CaG, Francesca and Farina, Alessandra and Del Conte, Fulvia and Cortese, Giuseppe and Servillo, Giuseppe and Escolino, Maria. Laparoscopic treatment of inguinal ovarian hernia in female infants and children: standardizing the technique. Journal of laparoendoscopic \& advanced surgical techniques. 2019;29:568--72.
13. Pogorelić Z, Anand, S., Križanac, Z. and Singh, A. Comparison of recurrence and complication rates following laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair among preterm versus full-term newborns: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Children. 2021;8:853.
14. Ein SHaN, Ike and Ein, Arlene. Six thousand three hundred sixty-one pediatric inguinal hernias: a 35-year review. Journal of pediatric surgery. 2006;41(5):980--6.
15. Nakashima MaI, Kazuki and Kawakami, Koji. Laparoscopic versus open repair for inguinal hernia in children: a retrospective cohort study. Surgery Today. 2019;49:1044--50.
16. Ibrahim MaG, Kabir Ibrahim and Mohammad, Mohammad Aminu and Akhparov, Nurlan Nurkenovich and Aipov, Rassulbek Rakhmanberdievich. Herniotomy in resource-scarce environment: Comparison of incisions and techniques. African journal of paediatric surgery: AJPS. 2015;12(1):45.
17. Ibrahim M, Abdussalam US, Getso KI, Mohammad MA, Chukwuemeka AL-J, Owolabi FL, et al. Open inguinal herniotomy: Analysis of variations. African Journal of Paediatric Surgery. 2015;12(2):131-5.
18. Chen Y, Wang F, Zhong H, Zhao J, Li Y, Shi Z. A systematic review and meta-analysis concerning single-site laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure for pediatric inguinal hernia and hydrocele. Surgical endoscopy. 2017;31:4888-901.
19. Singh HaW, DD. Management of congenital inguinal hernia at AVBRH. Indian J of Basic & Applied Medical Research-surgical advances (Specialty issue). 2016;5(4):13 - 23.
20. Nazem MaD, Mohamad Masoud Heydari and Sirousfard, Motaherh. Outcomes of pediatric inguinal hernia repair with or without opening the external oblique muscle fascia. Journal of research in medical sciences: the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. 2015;20(12):1172.
21. Askarpour SaP, Mehran and Sherafatmand, Shaghayegh. Comparison between inguinal herniotomies with and without incising external oblique aponeurosis: a randomized clinical trial. ABCD Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (S{\~a}o Paulo). 2017;30(3):187--9.
22. Kart YaO, C and others. Comparison of Inguinal Herniotomies with and Without Opening the External Oblique Aponeurosis in Children Above the Age of Two. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice. 2022;25:33.
23. Turk EaM, Mehmet Erdal and Edirne, Yesim and Karaca, Fahri and Saday, Cezmi and G{\"u}ven, Ahmet. Inguinal herniotomy with the Mitchell--Banks’ technique is safe in older children. Journal of pediatric surgery. 2014;49(7):1159--60.
24. Marte AaC, Anthony A and Aguiar, Liza M. The history of the pediatric inguinal hernia repair. Journal of Pediatric Urology. 2021;17:485--91.
25. Türk E, Memetoglu, M.E., Edirne, Y., Karaca, F., Saday, C. and Güven, A. Inguinal herniotomy with the Mitchell--Banks’ technique is safe in older children. Journal of pediatric surgery. 2014;49:1159--60.
26. Ravi KaH, DB. Surgical treatment of inguinal herniae in children. Hernia. 2003;7:137--40.
27. Wang KSao. Assessment and management of inguinal hernia in infants. Pediatrics. 2012;130(4):768--73.
28. Levitt MaF, D and Arbesman, MC and Brisseau, GF and Caty, MG and Glick, PL. Variability of inguinal hernia surgical technique: a survey of North American pediatric surgeons. Journal of pediatric surgery. 2002;37(5):745--51.
29. Ahmad HM, Naumeri F, Saud U, Butt G. Comparison of Ferguson and Gross herniotomy with Mitchell Banks’ herniotomy in boys older than two years. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021;37(1):40.
30. Raveenthiran VaA, P. Choice of repairing inguinal hernia in children: open versus laparoscopy. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 2017;84:555--63.
31. Kurlan MZ, Wels PB, Piedad OH. Inguinal herniorrhaphy by the Mitchell Banks technique. Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 1972;7(4):427-9.
32. Kurlan MZaW, Philip B and Piedad, Oscar H. Inguinal herniorrhaphy by the Mitchell Banks technique. Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 1972;7:427--9.
33. Javaid SR, Naima Choudhry, Mustafa Latif. Incidence of post-operative complications of inguinal hernia and hydrocele open surgery in children. Pak J Med Health Sciences. 2018;12:440--2.
34. Igwe AO, Talabi, A.O., Adisa, A.O., Adumah, C.C., Ogundele, I.O., Sowande, O.A. and Adejuyigbe, O. Comparative study of laparoscopic and open inguinal herniotomy in children in ile ife, Nigeria: a prospective randomized trial. Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques. 2019;29:1609--15.
35. Zendejas B, Zarroug AE, Erben YM, Holley CT, Farley DR. Impact of childhood inguinal hernia repair in adulthood: 50 years of follow-up. Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 2010;211(6):762-8.
36. Shah JaP, Y and Hassan, K and Thapa, G and Manandhar, K and Maharjan, SB. Is routine hospital visit after day case inguinal hernia surgery in children necessary? Journal of Nepal Health Research Council. 2013.
37. McMillan JAaF, Ralph David and DeAngelis, Catherine. Inguinal Hernia. Oski's solution: Oski's pediatrics: principles and practice: Wolters Kluwer; 2006.
38. Clarke S. Pediatric inguinal hernia and hydrocele: an evidence-based review in the era of minimal access surgery. Journal of laparoendoscopic & advanced surgical techniques. 2010;20:305--9.
39. Erdoğan D, Karaman, İ., Aslan, M.K., Karaman, A. and Çavuşoğlu, Y.H. Analysis of 3776 pediatric inguinal hernia and hydrocele cases in a tertiary center. Journal of pediatric surgery. 2013;48:1767--72.
40. Sandblom G, Gruber, G., Kald, A. and Nilsson, E. Audit and recurrence rates after hernia surgery. European Journal of Surgery. 2000;166:154--8.
41. Taylor K, Sonderman, K.A., Wolf, L.L., Jiang, W., Armstrong, L.B., Koehlmoos, T.P., Weil, B.R., Ricca Jr, R.L., Weldon, C.B., Haider, A.H. and Rice-Townsend, S.E. Hernia recurrence following inguinal hernia repair in children. Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 2018;53:2214--8.
42. Zendejas B, Zarroug, A.E., Erben, Y.M., Holley, C.T. and Farley, D.R. Impact of childhood inguinal hernia repair in adulthood: 50 years of follow-up. Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 2010;211:762--8.
43. Grosfeld JL, Minnick, K., Shedd, F., West, K.W., Rescorla, F.J. and Vane, D.W. Inguinal hernia in children: factors affecting recurrence in 62 cases. Journal of pediatric surgery. 1991;26:283--7.
44. Bisgaard TaB-N, Morten and Kehlet, Henrik. Re-recurrence after operation for recurrent inguinal hernia. A nationwide 8-year follow-up study on the role of type of repair. Annals of surgery. 2008;247:707--11.
45. Köckerling F, Koch, A., Lorenz, R., Schug-Pass, C., Stechemesser, B. and Reinpold, W. How long do we need to follow-up our hernia patients to find the real recurrence rate? Frontiers in surgery. 2015;2:24.
46. Glick PL, Boulanger S.C. Inguinal Hernias and Hydroceles. Pediatric Surgery: Elsevier Saunders; 2012. p. 985 - 1001.
47. Yildiz A, Çelebi, S., Akin, M., Karadağ, Ç.A., Sever, N. Laparoscopic hernioraphy: a better approach for recurrent hernia in boys? Pediatric surgery international. 2012;28:449--53.
48. Ibrahim MaMaAL, Umar Sharif and Abdussalam, Kabiru Ibrahim Getso and Mohammad, Mohammad Aminu and Chukwuemeka, Anyanwu Lofty-John and Owolabi, Femi Luqman and Akhparov, Nurlan Nurkenovich and Aipov, Rassulbek Rakhmanberdievich. Open inguinal herniotomy: Analysis of variations. African journal of paediatric surgery: AJPS. 2015;12(2):131.
49. Sabry AaH, TA and Allam, A and Ali, OKA. Congenital inguinal hernia repair with and without opening the inguinal canal. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. 2020;113(Supplement\_1):hcaa050--2.
50. Ahmad HMaN, Fatima and Saud, Usama and Butt, Ghazala. Comparison of Ferguson and Gross herniotomy with Mitchell Banks’ herniotomy in boys older than two years. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021;37:40.
51. Fakhry TaE, Hassan Ibrahim and Fawzy, Ahmed Nabil. Comparative study: repair of congenital inguinal hernia with and without opening the inguinal canal. International Surgery Journal. 2021;8:459--62.
52. Furuta Y. OK, Shioda H. Mitchell Banks method as standard procedure for pediatric inguinal hernia: Treatment experience and examination of 8148 cases. Journal of the Japanese Society of Pediatric Surgery. 2000;36:1042-9.
53. Nazem M, Dastgerdi MMH, Sirousfard M. Outcomes of pediatric inguinal hernia repair with or without opening the external oblique muscle fascia. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences. 2015;20(12):1172-6.
54. Kart Y, Öztürk C. Comparison of Inguinal Herniotomies with and Without Opening the External Oblique Aponeurosis in Children Above the Age of Two. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice. 2022;25(1):33-6.
55. Askarpour S, Peyvasteh M, Sherafatmand S. Comparison between inguinal herniotomies with and without incising external oblique aponeurosis: a randomized clinical trial. ABCD Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (São Paulo). 2017;30(03):187-9.
56. Sabry A, Hassan T, Allam A, Ali O. Congenital inguinal hernia repair with and without opening the inguinal canal. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. 2020;113
2. Raveenthiran V, Agarwal P. Choice of repairing inguinal hernia in children: open versus laparoscopy. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 2017;84:555-63.
3. Sømme S, Bronsert M, Morrato E, Ziegler M. Frequency and variety of inpatient pediatric surgical procedures in the United States. Pediatrics. 2013;132(6):e1466-e72.
4. Dreuning K, Ten Broeke C, Twisk J, Robben S, Van Rijn R, Verbeke J, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of preoperative ultrasonography in predicting contralateral inguinal hernia in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European radiology. 2019;29:866-76.
5. Askarpour S, Peyvasteh M, Javaherizadeh H, Mehdianzadeh F. Recurrence and complications of pediatric inguinal hernia repair over 5 years. Annals of Pediatric Surgery. 2013;9(2):58-60.
6. Ksia A, Braiki M, Ouaghnan W, Sfar S, Ammar S, Youssef SB, et al. Male gender and prematurity are risk factors for incarceration in pediatric inguinal hernia: a study of 922 children. Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons. 2017;22(3):139-43.
7. Coran AGaC, Anthony and Adzick, N Scott and Krummel, Thomas M and Laberge, Jean-Martin and Shamberger, Robert. Pediatric surgery. AG C, editor. Philadelphia: Elesvier Health Sciences; 2012.
8. Fakhry T, Elhaw HI, Fawzy AN. Comparative study: repair of congenital inguinal hernia with and without opening the inguinal canal. International Surgery Journal. 2021;8(2):459-62.
9. Dagur G, Gandhi J, Suh Y, Weissbart S, Sheynkin YR, Smith NL, et al. Classifying hydroceles of the pelvis and groin: an overview of etiology, secondary complications, evaluation, and management. Current urology. 2017;10(1):1-14.
10. Hamid RaB, Nisar. One stitch abdominal closure herniotomy: An alternative to Laparoscopic hernia repair in infants. Current Pediatric Research. 2017.
11. Dreuning KaTB, CEM and Twisk, JWR and Robben, SGF and Van Rijn, RR and Verbeke, JIML and van Heurn, LWE and Derikx, JPM. Diagnostic accuracy of preoperative ultrasonography in predicting contralateral inguinal hernia in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European radiology. 2019;29:866--76.
12. Esposito CaG, Francesca and Farina, Alessandra and Del Conte, Fulvia and Cortese, Giuseppe and Servillo, Giuseppe and Escolino, Maria. Laparoscopic treatment of inguinal ovarian hernia in female infants and children: standardizing the technique. Journal of laparoendoscopic \& advanced surgical techniques. 2019;29:568--72.
13. Pogorelić Z, Anand, S., Križanac, Z. and Singh, A. Comparison of recurrence and complication rates following laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair among preterm versus full-term newborns: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Children. 2021;8:853.
14. Ein SHaN, Ike and Ein, Arlene. Six thousand three hundred sixty-one pediatric inguinal hernias: a 35-year review. Journal of pediatric surgery. 2006;41(5):980--6.
15. Nakashima MaI, Kazuki and Kawakami, Koji. Laparoscopic versus open repair for inguinal hernia in children: a retrospective cohort study. Surgery Today. 2019;49:1044--50.
16. Ibrahim MaG, Kabir Ibrahim and Mohammad, Mohammad Aminu and Akhparov, Nurlan Nurkenovich and Aipov, Rassulbek Rakhmanberdievich. Herniotomy in resource-scarce environment: Comparison of incisions and techniques. African journal of paediatric surgery: AJPS. 2015;12(1):45.
17. Ibrahim M, Abdussalam US, Getso KI, Mohammad MA, Chukwuemeka AL-J, Owolabi FL, et al. Open inguinal herniotomy: Analysis of variations. African Journal of Paediatric Surgery. 2015;12(2):131-5.
18. Chen Y, Wang F, Zhong H, Zhao J, Li Y, Shi Z. A systematic review and meta-analysis concerning single-site laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure for pediatric inguinal hernia and hydrocele. Surgical endoscopy. 2017;31:4888-901.
19. Singh HaW, DD. Management of congenital inguinal hernia at AVBRH. Indian J of Basic & Applied Medical Research-surgical advances (Specialty issue). 2016;5(4):13 - 23.
20. Nazem MaD, Mohamad Masoud Heydari and Sirousfard, Motaherh. Outcomes of pediatric inguinal hernia repair with or without opening the external oblique muscle fascia. Journal of research in medical sciences: the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. 2015;20(12):1172.
21. Askarpour SaP, Mehran and Sherafatmand, Shaghayegh. Comparison between inguinal herniotomies with and without incising external oblique aponeurosis: a randomized clinical trial. ABCD Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (S{\~a}o Paulo). 2017;30(3):187--9.
22. Kart YaO, C and others. Comparison of Inguinal Herniotomies with and Without Opening the External Oblique Aponeurosis in Children Above the Age of Two. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice. 2022;25:33.
23. Turk EaM, Mehmet Erdal and Edirne, Yesim and Karaca, Fahri and Saday, Cezmi and G{\"u}ven, Ahmet. Inguinal herniotomy with the Mitchell--Banks’ technique is safe in older children. Journal of pediatric surgery. 2014;49(7):1159--60.
24. Marte AaC, Anthony A and Aguiar, Liza M. The history of the pediatric inguinal hernia repair. Journal of Pediatric Urology. 2021;17:485--91.
25. Türk E, Memetoglu, M.E., Edirne, Y., Karaca, F., Saday, C. and Güven, A. Inguinal herniotomy with the Mitchell--Banks’ technique is safe in older children. Journal of pediatric surgery. 2014;49:1159--60.
26. Ravi KaH, DB. Surgical treatment of inguinal herniae in children. Hernia. 2003;7:137--40.
27. Wang KSao. Assessment and management of inguinal hernia in infants. Pediatrics. 2012;130(4):768--73.
28. Levitt MaF, D and Arbesman, MC and Brisseau, GF and Caty, MG and Glick, PL. Variability of inguinal hernia surgical technique: a survey of North American pediatric surgeons. Journal of pediatric surgery. 2002;37(5):745--51.
29. Ahmad HM, Naumeri F, Saud U, Butt G. Comparison of Ferguson and Gross herniotomy with Mitchell Banks’ herniotomy in boys older than two years. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021;37(1):40.
30. Raveenthiran VaA, P. Choice of repairing inguinal hernia in children: open versus laparoscopy. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 2017;84:555--63.
31. Kurlan MZ, Wels PB, Piedad OH. Inguinal herniorrhaphy by the Mitchell Banks technique. Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 1972;7(4):427-9.
32. Kurlan MZaW, Philip B and Piedad, Oscar H. Inguinal herniorrhaphy by the Mitchell Banks technique. Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 1972;7:427--9.
33. Javaid SR, Naima Choudhry, Mustafa Latif. Incidence of post-operative complications of inguinal hernia and hydrocele open surgery in children. Pak J Med Health Sciences. 2018;12:440--2.
34. Igwe AO, Talabi, A.O., Adisa, A.O., Adumah, C.C., Ogundele, I.O., Sowande, O.A. and Adejuyigbe, O. Comparative study of laparoscopic and open inguinal herniotomy in children in ile ife, Nigeria: a prospective randomized trial. Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques. 2019;29:1609--15.
35. Zendejas B, Zarroug AE, Erben YM, Holley CT, Farley DR. Impact of childhood inguinal hernia repair in adulthood: 50 years of follow-up. Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 2010;211(6):762-8.
36. Shah JaP, Y and Hassan, K and Thapa, G and Manandhar, K and Maharjan, SB. Is routine hospital visit after day case inguinal hernia surgery in children necessary? Journal of Nepal Health Research Council. 2013.
37. McMillan JAaF, Ralph David and DeAngelis, Catherine. Inguinal Hernia. Oski's solution: Oski's pediatrics: principles and practice: Wolters Kluwer; 2006.
38. Clarke S. Pediatric inguinal hernia and hydrocele: an evidence-based review in the era of minimal access surgery. Journal of laparoendoscopic & advanced surgical techniques. 2010;20:305--9.
39. Erdoğan D, Karaman, İ., Aslan, M.K., Karaman, A. and Çavuşoğlu, Y.H. Analysis of 3776 pediatric inguinal hernia and hydrocele cases in a tertiary center. Journal of pediatric surgery. 2013;48:1767--72.
40. Sandblom G, Gruber, G., Kald, A. and Nilsson, E. Audit and recurrence rates after hernia surgery. European Journal of Surgery. 2000;166:154--8.
41. Taylor K, Sonderman, K.A., Wolf, L.L., Jiang, W., Armstrong, L.B., Koehlmoos, T.P., Weil, B.R., Ricca Jr, R.L., Weldon, C.B., Haider, A.H. and Rice-Townsend, S.E. Hernia recurrence following inguinal hernia repair in children. Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 2018;53:2214--8.
42. Zendejas B, Zarroug, A.E., Erben, Y.M., Holley, C.T. and Farley, D.R. Impact of childhood inguinal hernia repair in adulthood: 50 years of follow-up. Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 2010;211:762--8.
43. Grosfeld JL, Minnick, K., Shedd, F., West, K.W., Rescorla, F.J. and Vane, D.W. Inguinal hernia in children: factors affecting recurrence in 62 cases. Journal of pediatric surgery. 1991;26:283--7.
44. Bisgaard TaB-N, Morten and Kehlet, Henrik. Re-recurrence after operation for recurrent inguinal hernia. A nationwide 8-year follow-up study on the role of type of repair. Annals of surgery. 2008;247:707--11.
45. Köckerling F, Koch, A., Lorenz, R., Schug-Pass, C., Stechemesser, B. and Reinpold, W. How long do we need to follow-up our hernia patients to find the real recurrence rate? Frontiers in surgery. 2015;2:24.
46. Glick PL, Boulanger S.C. Inguinal Hernias and Hydroceles. Pediatric Surgery: Elsevier Saunders; 2012. p. 985 - 1001.
47. Yildiz A, Çelebi, S., Akin, M., Karadağ, Ç.A., Sever, N. Laparoscopic hernioraphy: a better approach for recurrent hernia in boys? Pediatric surgery international. 2012;28:449--53.
48. Ibrahim MaMaAL, Umar Sharif and Abdussalam, Kabiru Ibrahim Getso and Mohammad, Mohammad Aminu and Chukwuemeka, Anyanwu Lofty-John and Owolabi, Femi Luqman and Akhparov, Nurlan Nurkenovich and Aipov, Rassulbek Rakhmanberdievich. Open inguinal herniotomy: Analysis of variations. African journal of paediatric surgery: AJPS. 2015;12(2):131.
49. Sabry AaH, TA and Allam, A and Ali, OKA. Congenital inguinal hernia repair with and without opening the inguinal canal. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. 2020;113(Supplement\_1):hcaa050--2.
50. Ahmad HMaN, Fatima and Saud, Usama and Butt, Ghazala. Comparison of Ferguson and Gross herniotomy with Mitchell Banks’ herniotomy in boys older than two years. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021;37:40.
51. Fakhry TaE, Hassan Ibrahim and Fawzy, Ahmed Nabil. Comparative study: repair of congenital inguinal hernia with and without opening the inguinal canal. International Surgery Journal. 2021;8:459--62.
52. Furuta Y. OK, Shioda H. Mitchell Banks method as standard procedure for pediatric inguinal hernia: Treatment experience and examination of 8148 cases. Journal of the Japanese Society of Pediatric Surgery. 2000;36:1042-9.
53. Nazem M, Dastgerdi MMH, Sirousfard M. Outcomes of pediatric inguinal hernia repair with or without opening the external oblique muscle fascia. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences. 2015;20(12):1172-6.
54. Kart Y, Öztürk C. Comparison of Inguinal Herniotomies with and Without Opening the External Oblique Aponeurosis in Children Above the Age of Two. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice. 2022;25(1):33-6.
55. Askarpour S, Peyvasteh M, Sherafatmand S. Comparison between inguinal herniotomies with and without incising external oblique aponeurosis: a randomized clinical trial. ABCD Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (São Paulo). 2017;30(03):187-9.
56. Sabry A, Hassan T, Allam A, Ali O. Congenital inguinal hernia repair with and without opening the inguinal canal. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. 2020;113
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Aug 17, 2024
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Moeezah, Ghulam Mohy Ud Din, Nudrat Seemab, Mahboob Ahmad Bhutta, Imran Hashim, Muhammad Saleem, & Sulman Bajwa. (2024). COMPARISON BETWEEN OUTCOMES OF INGUINAL HERNIOTOMY BY MITCHELL BANK AND MODIFIED FERGUSON TECHNIQUE FOR PEDIATRIC INGUINAL HERNIA. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(8), 859-869. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v31i8.7482
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Author Biographies
Moeezah
Consultant Pediatric Surgeon, Social Security Teaching Hospital, Multan Road Lahore.
Ghulam Mohy Ud Din
Senior Registrar, Department of Pediatric Surgery & Pediatric Urology, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore
Nudrat Seemab
Consultant Pediatric Surgeon, Robina Memorial Hospital, Layyah
Mahboob Ahmad Bhutta
Assistant Professor, UCHS, Lahore
Imran Hashim
Specialist Pediatric Surgeon, Ibra Main Hospital, Ibra Oman.
Muhammad Saleem
Professor of Pediatric Surgery and Dean Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Farooq Hospital/Akhtar Saeed Medical & Dental College, Lahore
Sulman Bajwa
Consultant Pediatric Surgeon PAF Hospital Islamabad. Senior Registrar Pediatric Surgery, Fazaia Medical College, Islamabad
How to Cite
Moeezah, Ghulam Mohy Ud Din, Nudrat Seemab, Mahboob Ahmad Bhutta, Imran Hashim, Muhammad Saleem, & Sulman Bajwa. (2024). COMPARISON BETWEEN OUTCOMES OF INGUINAL HERNIOTOMY BY MITCHELL BANK AND MODIFIED FERGUSON TECHNIQUE FOR PEDIATRIC INGUINAL HERNIA. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(8), 859-869. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v31i8.7482