LIPID BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY AND STATIN EFFECTS ON TOTAL CHOLESTEROL LEVELS, CARDIOVASCULAR MORBIDITY, AND ALL-CAUSE DEATH IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Main Article Content
Keywords
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, All Cause Mortality, Morbidity, Statin
Abstract
Background: Lipids are hydrophobic and diverse in nature and thus essential for biological functions. Statins or HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are increasingly being prescribed to manage excess fat by inhibiting fatty acid-producing enzymes in the liver.
Objective: To examine the biochemical and physiological aspects of lipids and to assess the effects of treatment with statin on cardiovascular morbidity, total lipid levels, and all-cause mortality in patients with pulmonary disease chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Methodology: The present cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the biochemical and physiological aspects of lipids and the effects of treatment with statins on cardiovascular morbidity, total cholesterol concentrations, and all-cause mortality in 120 patients of COPD. The study setting was District Headquarters Hospital (DHQ) Charssada, and it spanned from September 2022 to September 2023. A non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used during the selection of participants.
Results: the mean age of study participants was 65.5 years with a male predominance (58.3%), a mean BMI of 29.4, and various smoking statuses which included 40% current smokers, 34% former smokers and 26% never smokers. The average duration of COPD was 7.9 years. Statin therapy significantly reduced total cholesterol from 251.2 mg/dL to 181.3 mg/dL, LDL from 162.5 mg/dL to 111.3 mg/dL, and triglycerides from 201.3 mg/dL to 151.4 mg/dL, while HDL increased from 42.5 mg/dL to 52.1 mg/dL. Statin users experienced lower incidences of myocardial infarction (9% vs. 25%), stroke (7% vs. 18%), and all-cause mortality (14% vs. 26%) compared to non-statin users. Statin use significantly reduced cardiovascular events and mortality risk (OR: 0.46), with age and COPD duration also being significant predictors.
Conclusion: Statin therapy significantly improves lipid profile and reduces cardiovascular morbidity and all-cause mortality in patients with COPD. These findings highlight potential benefits of statins beyond their lipid-lowering effects, particularly their anti-inflammatory effects that may provide additional benefits in COPD management Future studies should continue to investigate these benefits and establishes broad guidelines for statin use in COPD management.
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Dr. Rida Ubaid
House Officer, Peshawar Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Peshawar
Dr. Mahwish Israr
Demonstrator, Department of Physiology, Bacha Khan Medical College Mardan
Dr. Rabbia Jabbar
Senior Lecturer, Department of Pharmacology, Rehman College of Dentistry, Peshawar
Dr. Fouzia Qadir
Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, North West School of Medicine, Peshawar
Dr. Marifat Shah
Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Jinnah Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Peshawar
Dr. Ameena Palwasha
Senior Lecturer, Department of Physiology, Jinnah Medical College, Peshawar