MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AND ERGONOMIC RISKS IN A FLORICULTURAL COMPANY, MACHACHI, 2023
Main Article Content
Keywords
Musculoskeletal disorders, Ergonomic risks, Packagers, Cutters, Classifiers
Abstract
This study explored the relationship between ergonomic risks and the development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among post-harvest personnel at a floriculture company in Machachi during 2023. Using a quantitative approach, two main instruments were employed: the Nordic questionnaire and the RULA method. The research revealed a significant correlation between MSDs and ergonomic risks in the workplace, with a correlation coefficient of 0,457, indicating a meaningful relationship between these variables.
It was observed that bunchers experienced a high incidence of musculoskeletal issues in both arms and forearms, each at 87,5%. Similarly, cutters showed uniform impacts in the same regions. Classifiers reported a high prevalence of neck disorders at 76.9%. Age group analysis revealed that younger workers, aged 20 to 25, primarily experienced leg disorders, represented by 33.3%. In contrast, the 36 to 45 age group showed a very low prevalence of musculoskeletal discomfort, with the neck being the most affected area at only 10.7%. Workers aged 40 to 60 had the highest incidence of leg problems, represented by 33.3%.
In terms of gender, it was found that women experienced musculoskeletal discomfort in the right arm, forearm, and wrist at 57,7%, compared to men who reported 42,3%. Finally, the RULA method assessment identified that the positions of buncher, cutter, and classifier, with a score of 6, require immediate action and task redesign due to a high level of ergonomic risk. In contrast, the packer position scored four, indicating that task changes are needed to mitigate risks.
References
Lee S, De Barros FC, Shinohara C, De Castro M, De T, Sato O. Effect of an ergonomic intervention involving workstation adjustments on musculoskeletal pain in office workers-a randomized controlled clinical trial [Internet]. [cited 2024 Apr 29]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33250456/
2. Urrejola-Contreras G, Pérez Casanova D, Pincheira Guzmán E, Pérez Lizama M, Ávila Rodríguez A, Gary Zambra B. Musculoskeletal disorder in the upper extremity: Risk assessment and intervention in workers in the industrial area. Rev Asoc med Trab [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 Apr 29]; 30(1):63–72. Available from: https://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/medtra/v30n1/1132-6255-medtra-30-01-63.pdf
3. Pacheco MP, Carvalho PJ, Cavalheiro L, Sousa FM. Prevalence of Postural Changes and Musculoskeletal Disorders in Young Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2023 Dec 1 [cited 2024 Apr 29]; 20(24). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38131742/
4. Le D, Almaw RD, Rinaldi D, Ivanochko NK, Harris S, Benjamin A, et al. Barriers and strategies for recruiting participants who identify as racial minorities in musculoskeletal health research: a scoping review [Internet]. Vol. 11, Frontiers in Public Health. Frontiers Media SA; 2023 [cited 2024 Apr 29]. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1211520/full
5. Torres Carrillo J, Amador Rodríguez E. Validation of standardized Nordic questionnaires for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms in Petroleos Mexicanos workers. Rev Red Inv Sal Trab [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2024 Apr 29]; 6(4). Available from: https://rist.zaragoza.unam.mx/index.php/rist/article/view/716/507
6. Pérez Aldrete J, Aranda Beltrán C, Aldrete Rod. Musculoskeletal disorders in the upper limb: first edition. 2022;
7. Masiero S, Pignataro A, Piran G, Duso M, Mimche P, Ermani M, et al. Short-wave diathermy in the clinical management of musculoskeletal disorders: a pilot observational study. Int J Biometeorol. 2020 Jun 1; 64(6):981–8. Short-wave diathermy in the clinical management of musculoskeletal disorders: a pilot observational study.
8. Carrasco J, López Asqui AI, Barreno Gadvay AD. Ergonomic risks and their influence on work performance. LATAM Latin American Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities [Internet]. 2023 Jul 15 [cited 2024 Apr 29]; 4(2). Available from: https://latam.redilat.org/index.php/lt/article/view/836/1118
9. Neusa G, Jiménez J, Navarrete E. Occupational risk and its derived occupational pathologies in the floricultural sector of Ecuador. Rev Cienc Soc. 2023; XXIX (2):421–31. https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/rcs/article/view/39984
10. Mendoza Galindo D, Ávila Galindo E. Ergonomic risk factors related to the development of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in operations in the Floriculture sector. A systematic review. ECCI University [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 Apr 29]; Available from: https://repositorio.ecci.edu.co
11. Lavé A, Gondar R, Demetriades AK, Meling TR. Ergonomics and musculoskeletal disorders in neurosurgery: a systematic review. Acta Neurochirurgica ([Internet]. 2020; 16(2):2213–20. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-020-04494-4
12. Caiza-Ortiz KX, Chiriboga-Larrea GA, Vega-Falcón V, Jami-Carrera JE. Estimation of ergonomic risk in female workers of an Ecuadorian microenterprise. Interdisciplinary Peer-Reviewed Journal of Health Sciences [Internet]. 2022 Aug 14 [cited 2024 Apr 29]; 6(2):129. Available from: https://fundacionkoinonia.com.ve/ojs/index.php/saludyvida/article/view/2049
13. of U, applied C, environmental and, UDCA faculty, of DC, health LA, et al. Exposure to the ergonomic risk factor, musculoskeletal disorders and psychosocial aspects associated with the appearance of MSDs in flower cultivation workers. A theme review. 2020. https://repository.udca.edu.co/entities/publication/f9528e2a-df8e-4842-b4ef-147767496476
14. Vilañez Uvidia P. Ergonomic study and its incidence in musculoskeletal disorders of the operating staff of the postharvest area of the company Florícola Valentina Flowers" [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 Apr 29]. Available from: http://dspace.espoch.edu.ec/bitstream/123456789/15778/1/85T00620.pdf
15. Price JW. Osteopathic model of the development and prevention of occupational musculoskeletal disorders. Journal of Osteopathic Medicine. 2021 Mar 1; 121(3):287–305. https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jom-2020-0060/html
16. Regalado García GN, Regalado García KG, Arevalo Rojas JA, Escalona León D. Musculoskeletal disorders associated with occupational activity. Health, Science and Technology. 2023 Jan 1; three. https://revista.saludcyt.ar/ojs/index.php/sct/article/view/441
17. Calle Mollo SE. Qualitative and quantitative research designs. Ciencia Latina Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal. 2023 Jul 31; 7(4):1865–79. https://ciencialatina.org/index.php/cienciala/article/view/7016
18. Ramos-Galarza CA. The scope of an investigation. ScienceAmerica. 2020 Oct 21; 9(3):1–6. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=7746475
19. Manterola C, Quiroz G, Salazar P, García N. Methodology of study designs most frequently used in clinical research. Vol. 30, Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes. Ediciones Doyma, S.L.; 2019. p. 36–49. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0716864019300057
20. Mateos-González L, Rodríguez-Suárez J, Llosa JA, Agulló-Tomás E. Spanish version of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire: cross-cultural adaptation and validation in nursing aides. An Sist Sanit Navar. 2024; 47(1). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11016339/
21. Ortiz Porras J, Bancovich Erquínigo A, Candia Chávez T, Huayanay Palma L, Raez Guevara L. Ergonomic method to reduce the level of risk of musculoskeletal disorders in a textile manufacturing SME in Lima - Peru. Industrial Data. 2023 Jan 24; 25(2):143–69. http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1810-99932022000200143
22. Aguilar Reyes J. Statistics as a Tool in Scientific Methodology. La Caracola Editores. 2022. http://cimogsys.espoch.edu.ec/direccion-publicaciones/public/docs/books/2023-01-18-130629-L2022-005.pdf
23. Carlos Ernesto Flores Tapia K smirnov, Lissette Flores Cevallos K. Tests to verify the normality of data in production processes. Journals of Social and Humanistic Sciences [Internet]. 2021; 23(2):83–106. Available from: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1892http://orcid.org/0000-0003
24. Gómez-Galán M, Callejón-Ferre ÁJ, Díaz-Pérez M, Carreño-Ortega Á, López-Martínez A. Risk of musculoskeletal disorders in pepper cultivation workers. EXCLI J. 2021; 20:1033–54. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34267615/
25. Barneo-Alcántara M, Díaz-Pérez M, Gómez-Galán M, Carreño-Ortega Á, Callejón-Ferre ÁJ. Musculoskeletal disorders in agriculture: A review from web of science core collection. Vol. 11, Agronomy. MDPI; 2021. https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/10/2017
26. Zerbo Šporin D, Kozinc Ž, Prijon T, Šarabon N. Incidence and Duration of Sick Leave Due to Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Accommodation and Food Services Activities Sector in Slovenia: A Nationwide 5-Year Observational Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 1; 20(4). https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/4/3133
27. Kgakge K, Chelule PK, Kahere M, Ginindza TG. Investigating the Risk of Patient Manual Handling Using the Movement and Assistance of Hospital Patients Method among Hospital Nurses in Botswana. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Mar 26; 21(4):399. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/21/4/399
28. Bysack RK, Chakrabarti S, Naskar S, Chakrabarti S, Basu M. Occupational Health Hazards, and Morbidity among Nurserymen in a Rural Area of West Bengal. Indian J Public Health. 2023 Apr 1; 67(2):203–7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37459013/
29. Simbaña Amendaño SE, Cárdenas Cahueñas H, Campos Villalta YY. Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders due to forced postures in workers who telecommute in financial institutions. Accepted [Internet]. 5(3):1–12. Available from: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5058-9306docsonia1503@hotmail.com
30. Rodríguez-Blanco S, Valdés-Recarey M, Leyva Quert AY. Superdominant anterior descending coronary artery. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2017 Nov 1; 70(11):1006.
31. Kaur N, Kaur DrH, Bal DrSK. Work-related risk factors faced by female workers engaged in flower cultivation. Pharma Innov. 2020 Jul 1; 9(7S):202–7. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/356398748_Work-related_risk_factors_faced_by_female_workers_engaged_in_flower_cultivation
32. Dzakpasu FQS, Carver A, Brakenridge CJ, Cicuttini F, Urquhart DM, Owen N, et al. Musculoskeletal pain, and sedentary behaviour in occupational and non-occupational settings: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Vol. 18, International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. BioMed Central Ltd; 2021. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34895248/
33. Munala JM, Olivier B, Karuguti WM, Karanja SM. Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders amongst flower farm workers in kenya. South African Journal of Physiotherapy. 2021; 77(1). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8008086/
34. Ketut I, Suarbawa GJ, Yusuf M, Sudiajeng L. Ergonomic Factors Which Affect the Work Productivity of Clove Flower Harvesters. 2024; 14(2). https://ijaseit.insightsociety.org/index.php/ijaseit/article/view/19783
2. Urrejola-Contreras G, Pérez Casanova D, Pincheira Guzmán E, Pérez Lizama M, Ávila Rodríguez A, Gary Zambra B. Musculoskeletal disorder in the upper extremity: Risk assessment and intervention in workers in the industrial area. Rev Asoc med Trab [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 Apr 29]; 30(1):63–72. Available from: https://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/medtra/v30n1/1132-6255-medtra-30-01-63.pdf
3. Pacheco MP, Carvalho PJ, Cavalheiro L, Sousa FM. Prevalence of Postural Changes and Musculoskeletal Disorders in Young Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2023 Dec 1 [cited 2024 Apr 29]; 20(24). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38131742/
4. Le D, Almaw RD, Rinaldi D, Ivanochko NK, Harris S, Benjamin A, et al. Barriers and strategies for recruiting participants who identify as racial minorities in musculoskeletal health research: a scoping review [Internet]. Vol. 11, Frontiers in Public Health. Frontiers Media SA; 2023 [cited 2024 Apr 29]. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1211520/full
5. Torres Carrillo J, Amador Rodríguez E. Validation of standardized Nordic questionnaires for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms in Petroleos Mexicanos workers. Rev Red Inv Sal Trab [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2024 Apr 29]; 6(4). Available from: https://rist.zaragoza.unam.mx/index.php/rist/article/view/716/507
6. Pérez Aldrete J, Aranda Beltrán C, Aldrete Rod. Musculoskeletal disorders in the upper limb: first edition. 2022;
7. Masiero S, Pignataro A, Piran G, Duso M, Mimche P, Ermani M, et al. Short-wave diathermy in the clinical management of musculoskeletal disorders: a pilot observational study. Int J Biometeorol. 2020 Jun 1; 64(6):981–8. Short-wave diathermy in the clinical management of musculoskeletal disorders: a pilot observational study.
8. Carrasco J, López Asqui AI, Barreno Gadvay AD. Ergonomic risks and their influence on work performance. LATAM Latin American Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities [Internet]. 2023 Jul 15 [cited 2024 Apr 29]; 4(2). Available from: https://latam.redilat.org/index.php/lt/article/view/836/1118
9. Neusa G, Jiménez J, Navarrete E. Occupational risk and its derived occupational pathologies in the floricultural sector of Ecuador. Rev Cienc Soc. 2023; XXIX (2):421–31. https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/rcs/article/view/39984
10. Mendoza Galindo D, Ávila Galindo E. Ergonomic risk factors related to the development of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in operations in the Floriculture sector. A systematic review. ECCI University [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 Apr 29]; Available from: https://repositorio.ecci.edu.co
11. Lavé A, Gondar R, Demetriades AK, Meling TR. Ergonomics and musculoskeletal disorders in neurosurgery: a systematic review. Acta Neurochirurgica ([Internet]. 2020; 16(2):2213–20. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-020-04494-4
12. Caiza-Ortiz KX, Chiriboga-Larrea GA, Vega-Falcón V, Jami-Carrera JE. Estimation of ergonomic risk in female workers of an Ecuadorian microenterprise. Interdisciplinary Peer-Reviewed Journal of Health Sciences [Internet]. 2022 Aug 14 [cited 2024 Apr 29]; 6(2):129. Available from: https://fundacionkoinonia.com.ve/ojs/index.php/saludyvida/article/view/2049
13. of U, applied C, environmental and, UDCA faculty, of DC, health LA, et al. Exposure to the ergonomic risk factor, musculoskeletal disorders and psychosocial aspects associated with the appearance of MSDs in flower cultivation workers. A theme review. 2020. https://repository.udca.edu.co/entities/publication/f9528e2a-df8e-4842-b4ef-147767496476
14. Vilañez Uvidia P. Ergonomic study and its incidence in musculoskeletal disorders of the operating staff of the postharvest area of the company Florícola Valentina Flowers" [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 Apr 29]. Available from: http://dspace.espoch.edu.ec/bitstream/123456789/15778/1/85T00620.pdf
15. Price JW. Osteopathic model of the development and prevention of occupational musculoskeletal disorders. Journal of Osteopathic Medicine. 2021 Mar 1; 121(3):287–305. https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jom-2020-0060/html
16. Regalado García GN, Regalado García KG, Arevalo Rojas JA, Escalona León D. Musculoskeletal disorders associated with occupational activity. Health, Science and Technology. 2023 Jan 1; three. https://revista.saludcyt.ar/ojs/index.php/sct/article/view/441
17. Calle Mollo SE. Qualitative and quantitative research designs. Ciencia Latina Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal. 2023 Jul 31; 7(4):1865–79. https://ciencialatina.org/index.php/cienciala/article/view/7016
18. Ramos-Galarza CA. The scope of an investigation. ScienceAmerica. 2020 Oct 21; 9(3):1–6. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=7746475
19. Manterola C, Quiroz G, Salazar P, García N. Methodology of study designs most frequently used in clinical research. Vol. 30, Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes. Ediciones Doyma, S.L.; 2019. p. 36–49. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0716864019300057
20. Mateos-González L, Rodríguez-Suárez J, Llosa JA, Agulló-Tomás E. Spanish version of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire: cross-cultural adaptation and validation in nursing aides. An Sist Sanit Navar. 2024; 47(1). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11016339/
21. Ortiz Porras J, Bancovich Erquínigo A, Candia Chávez T, Huayanay Palma L, Raez Guevara L. Ergonomic method to reduce the level of risk of musculoskeletal disorders in a textile manufacturing SME in Lima - Peru. Industrial Data. 2023 Jan 24; 25(2):143–69. http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1810-99932022000200143
22. Aguilar Reyes J. Statistics as a Tool in Scientific Methodology. La Caracola Editores. 2022. http://cimogsys.espoch.edu.ec/direccion-publicaciones/public/docs/books/2023-01-18-130629-L2022-005.pdf
23. Carlos Ernesto Flores Tapia K smirnov, Lissette Flores Cevallos K. Tests to verify the normality of data in production processes. Journals of Social and Humanistic Sciences [Internet]. 2021; 23(2):83–106. Available from: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1892http://orcid.org/0000-0003
24. Gómez-Galán M, Callejón-Ferre ÁJ, Díaz-Pérez M, Carreño-Ortega Á, López-Martínez A. Risk of musculoskeletal disorders in pepper cultivation workers. EXCLI J. 2021; 20:1033–54. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34267615/
25. Barneo-Alcántara M, Díaz-Pérez M, Gómez-Galán M, Carreño-Ortega Á, Callejón-Ferre ÁJ. Musculoskeletal disorders in agriculture: A review from web of science core collection. Vol. 11, Agronomy. MDPI; 2021. https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/10/2017
26. Zerbo Šporin D, Kozinc Ž, Prijon T, Šarabon N. Incidence and Duration of Sick Leave Due to Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Accommodation and Food Services Activities Sector in Slovenia: A Nationwide 5-Year Observational Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 1; 20(4). https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/4/3133
27. Kgakge K, Chelule PK, Kahere M, Ginindza TG. Investigating the Risk of Patient Manual Handling Using the Movement and Assistance of Hospital Patients Method among Hospital Nurses in Botswana. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Mar 26; 21(4):399. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/21/4/399
28. Bysack RK, Chakrabarti S, Naskar S, Chakrabarti S, Basu M. Occupational Health Hazards, and Morbidity among Nurserymen in a Rural Area of West Bengal. Indian J Public Health. 2023 Apr 1; 67(2):203–7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37459013/
29. Simbaña Amendaño SE, Cárdenas Cahueñas H, Campos Villalta YY. Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders due to forced postures in workers who telecommute in financial institutions. Accepted [Internet]. 5(3):1–12. Available from: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5058-9306docsonia1503@hotmail.com
30. Rodríguez-Blanco S, Valdés-Recarey M, Leyva Quert AY. Superdominant anterior descending coronary artery. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2017 Nov 1; 70(11):1006.
31. Kaur N, Kaur DrH, Bal DrSK. Work-related risk factors faced by female workers engaged in flower cultivation. Pharma Innov. 2020 Jul 1; 9(7S):202–7. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/356398748_Work-related_risk_factors_faced_by_female_workers_engaged_in_flower_cultivation
32. Dzakpasu FQS, Carver A, Brakenridge CJ, Cicuttini F, Urquhart DM, Owen N, et al. Musculoskeletal pain, and sedentary behaviour in occupational and non-occupational settings: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Vol. 18, International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. BioMed Central Ltd; 2021. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34895248/
33. Munala JM, Olivier B, Karuguti WM, Karanja SM. Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders amongst flower farm workers in kenya. South African Journal of Physiotherapy. 2021; 77(1). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8008086/
34. Ketut I, Suarbawa GJ, Yusuf M, Sudiajeng L. Ergonomic Factors Which Affect the Work Productivity of Clove Flower Harvesters. 2024; 14(2). https://ijaseit.insightsociety.org/index.php/ijaseit/article/view/19783
Article Sidebar
Published
Jun 26, 2024
Article Details
How to Cite
Maritza Leidy Yánez Morillo, Cristina E. Almeida-Naranjo, Juan Carlos Flores, & Navarrete Alboreda Edmundo Daniel. (2024). MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AND ERGONOMIC RISKS IN A FLORICULTURAL COMPANY, MACHACHI, 2023. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(6), 1826-1838. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v31i6.6770
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Author Biographies
Maritza Leidy Yánez Morillo
Médico General, Estudiante de Magister en Higiene y Salud Ocupacional, Universidad Técnica del Norte
Cristina E. Almeida-Naranjo
PhD. Universidad Técnica del Norte, Docente
Juan Carlos Flores
PhD. Director Vinculo con la Sociedad ITSO Oriente,
Navarrete Alboreda Edmundo Daniel
Ingeniero en Seguridad Industrial, Seguridad Ocupacional y Gestión Ambiental. Máster en prevención de Riesgos de Trabajo. PhD. En Ciencias de la Salud Ocupacional. Universidad Técnica del Norte.
How to Cite
Maritza Leidy Yánez Morillo, Cristina E. Almeida-Naranjo, Juan Carlos Flores, & Navarrete Alboreda Edmundo Daniel. (2024). MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AND ERGONOMIC RISKS IN A FLORICULTURAL COMPANY, MACHACHI, 2023. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(6), 1826-1838. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v31i6.6770