PERIODONTAL STATUS IN ADULTS EXPOSED TO SMOKED TOBACCO (CONVENTIONAL CIGARETTE VS. E-CIGARETTE): A SINGLE-CENTRE STUDY
Main Article Content
Keywords
cigarette smoking, e-cigarette smoking, periodontitis, vaping, periodontal health, periodontal pocket
Abstract
Background: The increased trend of e-cigarettes among young adults has become a popular alternative to traditional cigarette smoking. Proponents believed it to be a safer alternative to smoking, citing lower exposure to many of the poisonous compounds found in tobacco smoke. However, the influence of e-cigarettes on oral health has gained increased interest among researchers and dental practitioners.
Objectives: To assess the frequency of cigarette and e-cigarette smokers and to evaluate their association with periodontitis.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 360 participants aged between 18 and 60 who visited the dental OPD of a public sector university. A validated questionnaire was administered to record demographic details, oral hygiene practices, and consumption practices of cigarettes and e-cigarettes. The periodontal assessment was done using CPI and CAL indices. The association of periodontal status among the groups was reported using Pearson’s chi-square test, while logistic regression was performed for multivariate analysis.
Results: Participants with periodontitis reported more consumption of cigarettes, while participants with generalized chronic periodontitis reported more consumption of e-cigarettes. There was a significant association between the status of periodontitis and the type of smoker (p<0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that e-cigarette smokers (OR=5.42), primary education (OR=4.29), graduates (OR=4.30), good oral hygiene (OR=0.04), fair oral hygiene (OR=0.05), and use of fluoridated tooth paste (OR=0.45) were significant risk factors for generalized periodontitis.
Conclusion: Compared to conventional cigarette smokers, e-cigarette smokers have a profound detrimental effect on periodontium, measured by periodontal parameters (CAL & PD).
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Sadaf Arshi, Msc
Postal Address: Dr Ishrat Ul Ebad Khan, Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Ohja Campus, Dow University of Health Sciences. Phone No: +923330377328
Sana Masood, Bds
Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Dr Ishrat-ul-Ebad Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
Sohail Saadat, Mds
Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Dr Ishrat-ul-Ebad Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
Hira Fatima Waseem, Phd
School of Public Health, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
Javaid Unar, Msc
Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Dr Ishrat-ul-Ebad Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
Muhammad Uzair, Morthrcsed, Mfdrscsi, Mfdrsed
Baqai Dental College, Karachi 75340, Pakistan