PREVALENCE OF HABITS RELATED ORAL MUCOSAL LESIONS AMONG PATIENTS VISITING TAGORE DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN CHENGALPATTU DISTRICT
Main Article Content
Keywords
Oral mucosal lesions, Tobacco chewers, Smoking, Alcohol, Leukoplakia
Abstract
Background:
Oral mucosal lesion (OML) refers to abnormal changes in the color, appearance, swelling, or loss of integrity of oral mucosal surface, resulting from bacterial, viral, fungal, or local damage, systemic disorders, or adverse habits like excessive alcohol, cigarette, or betel nut use. This research aims to raise public awareness and encourage people to give up indulgence in these habits.
Aim:
The study aims to assess the prevalence of habit-related oral mucosal lesions among patients visiting Tagore Dental College and Hospital in Chengalpattu district.
Methodology:
The study screened 384 patients at Tagore Dental College and Hospital for oral mucosal lesions-related habits. A thorough clinical history was taken, and oral mucosal lesions were diagnosed following WHO guidelines. The findings were compiled and statistically analyzed.
Results:
In a study of 384 participants, oral leukoplakia (37.2%) was the most common oral mucosal lesion, followed by tobacco pouch keratosis (34.1%) and other lesions. The analysis revealed a strong association between oral mucosal lesions and various habits, with erythroplakia (69%) predominantly associated with smoking and alcohol use. Other lesions unrelated to premalignant lesions (28.6%) were significantly associated with smokeless tobacco and alcohol use. Oral Candidiasis (100% within cases) was exclusively associated with smoking and alcohol. Oral Leukoplakia shows varied habit associations, with the highest prevalence (53.3%) in cases involving smoking and alcohol. Overall, a statistically significant difference was observed (χ2= 223.075; P < 0.001).
Conclusion:
This study concluded that habits such as tobacco use and alcohol consumption have a significant association with the occurrence of oral mucosal lesions. These findings could help healthcare professionals raise patient awareness and provide useful data for mitigation and targeted interventions.
References
2. Naveed N. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions and their correlation to adverse habits - a pilot study. Int J Dev Res. 2017;7:8845.
3. Feng J, Zhou Z, Shen X, et al. Prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions: a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China. J Oral Pathol Med. 2015;44(7):490-494.
4. Chandroth SV, Venugopal HK, Puthenveetil S, et al. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions among fishermen of Kutch coast, Gujarat, India. Int Marit Health. 2014;65(4):192-198.
5. Neville BW, Allen CM, Chi AC. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. 4th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2016.
6. Thada SR, Pai KM. Prevalence of habit-associated oral mucosal lesions among outpatients - A prospective cross-sectional study. Int J Res Health Sci. 2014;2(1):263-273.
7. Winn DM. Tobacco use and oral disease. J Dent Educ. 2001;65:306-312.
8. Kamala KA, Sankethguddad S, Nayak AG, Sanade AR, Ashwini Rani SR. Prevalence of oromucosal lesions in relation to tobacco habit among a Western Maharashtra population. Indian J Cancer. 2019;56:15-18.
9. Ko YC, Huang YL, Lee CH, Chen MJ, Lin LM, Tsai CC. Betel quid chewing, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption related to oral cancer in Taiwan. J Oral Pathol Med. 1995;24:450-453.
10. Kramer IR, Pindborg JJ, Bezroukov V, Infirri JS. Guide to epidemiology and diagnosis of oral mucosal diseases and conditions. World Health Organization. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1980;8:1-26.
11. Kasat V, Joshi M, Somasundaram KV, Viragi P, Dhore P, Sahuji S. Tobacco use, its influences, triggers, and associated oral lesions among the patients attending a dental institution in rural Maharashtra, India. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2012 Jan;2(1):25-30.
12. Mishra A, Sharma D, et al. Pattern and prevalence of tobacco use and associated oral mucosal lesions: a hospital-based cross-sectional study at a tertiary care hospital in central India. Int J Res Med Sci. 2015;3(9):2304-2309.
13. Kinra S, Bowen LJ, Lyngdoh T, Prabhakaran D, Reddy KS, Ramakrishnan L, Gupta R, Bharathi AV, Vaz M, Kurpad AV, Smith GD, Ben-Shlomo Y, Ebrahim S. Sociodemographic patterning of non-communicable disease risk factors in rural India: a cross sectional study. BMJ. 2010 Sep 27;341:c4974.
14. Gupta V, Yadav K, Anand K. Patterns of tobacco use across rural, urban, and urban-slum populations in a north Indian community. Indian J Community Med. 2010;35:245-251.
15. El Toum S, Cassia A, Bouchi N, Kassab I. Prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions by sex and age categories: a retrospective study of patients attending Lebanese School of Dentistry. Int J Dent. 2018:4030134.
16. Karthik R, Mohan N. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions among dental patients with mixed habits in Salem district - A study. J Pharm Bioall Sci 2017;9:S55-67.
17. Saraswathi TR, Ranganathan K, Shanmugam S, Sowmya R, Narasimhan PD, Gunaseelan R. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in relation to habits: Cross-sectional study in South India. Ind J Dent Res. 2006;17:121–5.
18. Sujatha D, Hebbar PB, Pai A. Prevalence and correlation of oral lesions among tobacco smokers, tobacco chewers, areca nut and alcohol users. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(4):1633-7.
19. Joshi M, Tailor M. Prevalence of most commonly reported tobacco-associated lesions in central Gujarat: A hospital-based cross-sectional study. Indian J Dent Res 2016; 27:4059.
20. Patil PB, Bathi R, Chaudhari S. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in dental patients with tobacco smoking, chewing, and mixed habits: A cross-sectional study in South India. J Family Community Med. 2013;20(2):130–5.
21. Poornima Chandra, Poornima Govindraju. Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions Among Tobacco Users. Oral Health Prev Dent 2012; 10: 149-153 19.
22. Salonen L, Axell T, Hellden L. Occurrence of oral mucosal lesions, the influence of tobacco habits and an estimate of treatment time in an adult Swedish population. J Oral Pathol Med. 1990;19:170-6.
23. Hashibe M, Mathew B, Kuruvilla B, Thomas G, Sankaranarayanan R, Parkin DM, Zhang ZF. Chewing tobacco, alcohol, and the risk of erythroplakia. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2000 Jul;9(7):639-45.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
P. Sangavi CRRI
CRRI, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Rathinamangalam, Chennai
Dr. Narmadha MDS
Senior lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Rathinamangalam, Chennai.
Dr. GS Asokan MDS
Professor and Head of the Department, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Rathinamangalam, Chennai.
Dr. S Angelin Teena MDS
Senior lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Rathinamangalam, Chennai.
N.M. Rajapriya
CRRI, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Rathinamangalam, Chennai.
M. Charulatha
CRRI, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Rathinamangalam, Chennai.
