A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW EVALUATING THE ROLE OF NURSES AND PROCESSES FOR DELIVERING EARLY MOBILITY INTERVENTIONS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Main Article Content
Keywords
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Abstract
Objectives: To investigate processes for delivering early mobility interventions in adult intensive care unit patients used in research and quality improvement studies and the role of nurses in early mobility interventions.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted. Electronic databases PubMED, CINAHL, PEDro, and Cochrane were searched for studies published from 2000 to June 2017 that implemented an early mobil- ity intervention in adult intensive care units. Included studies involved progression to ambulation as a component of the intervention, included the role of the nurse in preparing for or delivering the interven- tion, and reported at least one patient or organisational outcome measure. The System Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) model, a framework for understanding structure, processes, and healthcare outcomes, was used to evaluate studies.
Results: 25 studies were included in the final review. Studies consisted of randomised control trials, prospective, retrospective, or mixed designs. A range of processes to support the delivery of early mobil- ity were found. These processes include forming interdisciplinary teams, increasing mobility staff, mobil- ity protocols, interdisciplinary education, champions, communication, and feedback.
Conclusion: Variation exists in the process of delivering early mobility in the intensive care unit. In par- ticular, further rigorous studies are needed to better understand the role of nurses in implementing early mobility to maintain a patient’s functional status.
References
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2. Azuh, O., Gammon, H., Burmeister, C., Frega, D., Nerenz, D., DiGiovine, B., Siddiqui, A., 2016. Benefits of early active mobility in the medical intensive care unit: a pilot study. Am. J. Med. 129 (8), 866–871.
3. Bailey, P., Thomsen, G.E., Spuhler, V.J., Blair, R., Jewkes, J., Bezdjian, L., Veale, K., Rodriquez, L., Hopkins, R.O., 2007. Early activity is feasible and safe in respiratory failure patients. Crit. Care Med. 35 (1), 139–145.
4. Bakhru, R.N., Wiebe, D.J., McWilliams, D.J., Spuhler, V.J., Schweickert, W.D., 2015. An environmental scan for early mobilization practices in U.S. ICUs. Crit. Care Med. 43 (11), 2360–2369.
5. Balas, M.C., Vasilevskis, E.E., Olsen, K.M., Schmid, K.K., Shostrom, V., Cohen, M.Z., Peitz, G., Gannon, D.E., Sisson, J., Sullivan, J., Stothert, J.C., 2014. Effectiveness and safety of the awakening and breathing coordination, delirium monitoring/management, and early exercise/mobility bundle. Crit. Care Med. 42 (5), 1024–1036.
6. Barber, E.A., Everard, T., Holland, A.E., Tipping, C., Bradley, S.J., Hodgson, C.L., 2015. Barriers and facilitators to early mobilisation in intensive care: a qualitative study. Aust. Crit. Care 28 (4), 177–182.
7. Berney, S.C., Harrold, M., Webb, S.A., Seppelt, I., Patman, S., Thomas, P.J., Denehy, L., 2013. Intensive care unit mobility practices in Australia and New Zealand: a point prevalence study. Crit. Care Resusc. 15 (4), 260–265.
8. Carayon, P., Schoofs Hundt, A., Karsh, B.T., Gurses, A.P., Alvarado, C.J., Smith, M., Flatley Brennan, P., 2006. Work system design for patient safety: the SEIPS model. Qual. Saf. Health Care 15 (Suppl. 1), i50–58.
9. Carayon, P., Wetterneck, T.B., Rivera-Rodriguez, A.J., Hundt, A.S., Hoonakker, P., Holden, R., Gurses, A.P., 2014. Human factors systems approach to healthcare quality and patient safety. Appl. Ergon. 45 (1), 14–25.
10. Casey, C.M., 2013. The study of activity in older ICU patients: an integrative review. J. Gerontol. Nurs. 39 (8), 12–25.
11. Chan, K.S., Friedman, L.S., Dinglas, V.D., Hough, C.L., Morris, P.E., Mendez-Tellez, P.A., Jackson, J.C., Ely, E.W., Hopkins, R.O., Needham, D.M., 2016. Evaluating physical outcomes in acute respiratory distress syndromes: validity, responsiveness, and minimal important difference of 4-meter gait speed test. Crit. Care Med. 44 (5), 859–868.
12. Choi, J., Tasota, F.J., Hoffman, L.A., 2008. Mobility interventions to improve outcomes in patients undergoing prolonged mechanical ventilation: a review of the literature. Biol. Res. Nurs. 10 (1), 21–33.
13. Dafoe, S., Chapman, M.J., Edwards, S., Stiller, K., 2015. Overcoming barriers to the mobilisation of patients in an intensive care unit. Anaesth. Intensive Care 43 (6), 719–727.
14. Dammeyer, J.A., Baldwin, N., Packard, D., Harrington, S., Christofferson, B., Christopher, J., Strachan, C.L., Iwashyna, J., 2013. Mobilizing outcomes: implementation of a nurse-led multidisciplinary mobility program. Crit. Care Nurs. Q. 36 (1), 109–119.
15. Davis, J., Crawford, K., Wierman, H., Osgood, W., Cavanaugh, J., Smith, K.A., Mette, S., Orff, S., 2013. Mobilization of ventilated older adults. J. Geriatric Phys. Therapy 36 (4), 162–168.
16. Dickinson, S., Tschannen, D., Shever, L.L., 2013. Can the use of an early mobility program reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers in a surgical critical care unit? Crit. Care Nurs. Q. 36 (1), 127–140.
17. Donabedian, A., 1978. The quality of medical care. Science 200 (4344), 856–864.
18. Drolet, A., DeJuilio, P., Harkless, S., Henricks, S., Kamin, E., Leddy, E.A., Lloyd, J.M., Waters, C., Williams, S., 2013. Move to improve: the feasibility of using an early mobility protocol to increase. Phys. Ther. 93 (2), 197–207.
19. Dubb, R., Nydahl, P., Hermes, C., Schwabbauer, N., Toonstra, A., Parker, A.M., Kaltwasser, A., Needham, D.M., 2016. Barriers and strategies for early mobilization of patients in intensive care units. Ann. Am. Thorac. Soc. 13 (5), 724–730.
20. Ehlenbach, W.J., Larson, E.B., Curtis, J.R., Hough, C.L., 2015. Physical function and disability after acute care and critical illness hospitalizations in a prospective cohort of older adults. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 63 (10), 2061–2069.
21. Fraser, D., Spiva, L., Forman, W., Hallen, C., 2015. Original research: implementation of an early mobility program in an ICU. Am. J. Nurs. 115 (12), 49–58.
22. Garzon-Serrano, J., Ryan, C., Waak, K., Hirschberg, R., Tully, S., Bittner, E.A., Chipman, D.W., Schmidt, U., Kasotakis, G., Benjamin, J., Zafonte, R., 2011. Early mobilization in critically ill patients: patients’ mobilization level depends on health care provider’s profession. PM&R 3 (4), 307–313.
23. Gosselink, R., Bott, J., Johnson, M., Dean, E., Nava, S., Norrenberg, M., Vincent, J.L., 2008. Physiotherapy for adult patients with critical illness: recommendations of the european respiratory society and european society of intensive care medicine task force on physiotherapy for critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med. 34 (7), 1188–1199.
24. Grimshaw, J.M., Shirran, L., Thomas, R., Mowatt, G., Fraser, C., Bero, L., Grilli, R., Harvey, E., Oxman, A., O’Brien, M.A., 2001. Changing provider behavior: an overview of systematic reviews of interventions. Med. Care 39 (8 Suppl. 2), II2– 45.
25. Hanekom, S., Gosselink, R., Dean, E., Van Aswegen, H., Roos, R., Ambrosino, N., Louw, Q., 2011. The development of a clinical management algorithm for early physical activity and mobilization of critically ill patients: synthesis of evidence and expert opinion and its translation into practice. Clin. Rehabil. 25 (9), 771– 787.
26. Hassan, A., Rajamani, A., Fitzsimons, F., 2017. The MOVIN’ project (Mobilisation Of Ventilated Intensive care patients at Nepean): A quality improvement project based on the principles of knowledge translation to promote nurse-led mobilisation of critically ill ventilated patients. Intensive Crit. Care Nurs.
27. Hildreth, A.N., Enniss, T., Martin, R.S., Miller, P.R., Mitten-Long, D., Gasaway, J., Ebert, F., Butcher, W., Browder, K., Chang, M.C., Hoth, J.J., 2010. Surgical intensive care unit mobility is increased after institution of a computerized mobility order set and intensive care unit mobility protocol: a prospective cohort analysis. Am. Surg. 76 (8), 818–822.
28. Hodgson, C.L., Bailey, M., Bellomo, R., Berney, S., Buhr, H., Denehy, L., Gabbe, B., Harrold, M., Higgins, A., Iwashyna, T.J., Papworth, R., 2016. A binational multicenter pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial of early goal-directed mobilization in ICU. Crit. Care Med. 44 (6), 1145–1152.
29. Hodgson, C.L., Needham, D., Haines, K., Bailey, M., Ward, A., Harrold, M., Young, P., Zanni, J., Buhr, H., Higgins, A., Presneil, J., 2014. Feasibility and inter-rater reliability of the ICU Mobility Scale. Heart Lung 43 (1), 19–24.
30. Honiden, S., Connors, G.R., 2015. Barriers and challenges to the successful implementation of an intensive care unit mobility program: understanding systems and human factors in search for practical solutions. Clin. Chest Med. 36 (3), 431–440.
31. Hoyer, E.H., Brotman, D.J., Chan, K.S., Needham, D.M., 2015. Barriers to early mobility of hospitalized general medicine patients: survey development and results. Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 94 (4), 304–312.
32. Iwashyna, T.J., Ely, E.W., Smith, D.M., Langa, K.M., 2010. Long-term cognitive impairment and functional disability among survivors of severe sepsis. JAMA 304 (16), 1787–1794.
33. Kalisch, B.J., Xie, B., 2014. Errors of omission: missed nursing care. West. J. Nurs. Res. 36 (7), 875–890.
34. Kayambu, G., Boots, R., Paratz, J., 2013. Physical therapy for the critically ill in the
35. ICU: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit. Care Med. 41 (6), 1543–1554.
36. Klein, K., Mulkey, M., Bena, J.F., Albert, N.M., 2015. Clinical and psychological effects of early mobilization in patients treated in a neurologic ICU: a comparative
37. study. Crit. Care Med. 43 (4), 865–873.
38. Kohn, L.T., Corrigan, J.M., Donaldson, M.S. (Eds.), 2000. To Err is Human: Building A Safer Health System. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
39. Li, Z., Peng, X., Zhu, B., Zhang, Y., Xi, X., 2013. Active mobilization for mechanically ventilated patients: a systematic review. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 94 (3), 551– 561.
40. Mah, J.W., Staff, I., Fichandler, D., Butler, K.L., 2013. Resource-efficient mobilization programs in the intensive care unit: who stands to win? Am. J. Surg. 206 (4), 488– 493.
41. McWilliams, D., Weblin, J., Atkins, G., Bion, J., Williams, J., Elliott, C., Whitehouse, T., Snelson, C., 2015. Enhancing rehabilitation of mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit: A quality improvement project. J. Crit. Care 30 (1), 13– 18.
42. Messer, A., Comer, L., Forst, S., 2015. Implementation of a progressive mobilization program in a medical-surgical intensive care unit. Crit. Care Nurse 35 (5), 28– 42.
43. Morris, P.E., Berry, M.J., Files, D.C., Thompson, J.C., Hauser, J., Flores, L., Dhar, S., Chmelo, E., Lovato, J., Case, L.D., Bakhru, R.N., 2016. Standardized rehabilitation and hospital length of stay among patients with acute respiratory failure: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 315 (24), 2694–2702.
44. Morris, P.E., Goad, A., Thompson, C., Taylor, K., Harry, B., Passmore, L., Ross, A., Anderson, L., Baker, S., Sanchez, M., Penley, L., 2008. Early intensive care unit mobility therapy in the treatment of acute respiratory failure. Crit. Care Med. 36 (8), 2238–2243.
45. Moss, M., Nordon-Craft, A., Malone, D., Pelt, D., Frankel, S.K., Warner, M.L., 2016. A randomized trial of an intensive physical therapy program for acute respiratory failure patients. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 193 (10), 1101–1110.
46. Needham, D.M., Korupolu, R., Zanni, J.M., Pradhan, P., Colantuoni, E., Palmer, J.B., Brower, R.G., Fan, E., 2010. Early physical medicine and rehabilitation for patients with acute respiratory failure: a quality improvement project. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 91 (4), 536–542.
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Published
Dec 13, 2022
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How to Cite
Nashmyaha Slamah Al Enaze, Nouf Mohmmad Al Ghtane, Nora Mohammed A Abdulkader, Miaad Abdullah Al Anezy, Sultanah Hassan Alhassan, Haifa Dahy Alshammary, Yousef Muhammad Al-Ghurab, & Anoud Khalaf Alonazi. (2022). A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW EVALUATING THE ROLE OF NURSES AND PROCESSES FOR DELIVERING EARLY MOBILITY INTERVENTIONS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 29(04), 1684-1696. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v29i04.4835
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Author Biographies
Nashmyaha Slamah Al Enaze
Nursing Medical Center Riyadh
Nouf Mohmmad Al Ghtane
Nursing Medical Center Riyadh
Nora Mohammed A Abdulkader
Nursing Medical Center Riyadh
Miaad Abdullah Al Anezy
Nursing Medical Center Riyadh
Sultanah Hassan Alhassan
Nursing Medical Center Riyadh
Haifa Dahy Alshammary
Nursing Medical Center Riyadh
Yousef Muhammad Al-Ghurab
Nursing Medical Center Riyadh
Anoud Khalaf Alonazi
Nursing Medical Center Riyadh
How to Cite
Nashmyaha Slamah Al Enaze, Nouf Mohmmad Al Ghtane, Nora Mohammed A Abdulkader, Miaad Abdullah Al Anezy, Sultanah Hassan Alhassan, Haifa Dahy Alshammary, Yousef Muhammad Al-Ghurab, & Anoud Khalaf Alonazi. (2022). A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW EVALUATING THE ROLE OF NURSES AND PROCESSES FOR DELIVERING EARLY MOBILITY INTERVENTIONS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 29(04), 1684-1696. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v29i04.4835