THE STUDY OF THE PATTERN OF MIGRAINE AND ITS TRIGGERS AMONG WOMEN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY FROM NORTHERN INDIA
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Keywords
Prevalence, triggers, co-morbidity, migraine, women, northern India
Abstract
Introduction: The peak prevalence of migraine occurs during the childbearing years; however migraine symptomatology often worsens in midlife due to the hormonal fluctuations of the menopause transition, often with an increase in the number of headache days per month. This study aims to assess the pattern, sociodemographic factors, and triggers of migraine in women in Northern India.
Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Psychiatry, Rajarshi Dasrath Autonomous State Medical College and Community Health Centre, Ayodhya. Females aged 20 to 40 years who fulfill the diagnostic criteria of migraine under the ICHD-3 Classification were included. A questionnaire was used to collect the data based on the Hamilton anxiety rating scale, Beck depression inventory, Pretreatment Migraine headache questionnaire, and Migraine screen questionnaire. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 16 (SPSS, Inc., 89 Chicago, IL, USA).
Results: The mean age of migraine aura patients was 29.97 years and patients without aura were 27.10 years. Patients experiencing migraine aura reported a significantly higher frequency of headaches (13.00 episodes) compared to those without aura (7.15 episodes) (p=0.002). A significantly higher proportion of patients with migraine aura exhibit moderate to severe levels of depression (87.5%) compared to those without aura (12.5%), (p-value=0.007). Similarly, a higher prevalence of moderate to severe anxiety is observed among aura sufferers (85.7%) compared to non-aura individuals (14.3%), (p-value=0.021). A higher proportion of patients with aura report severe headaches (71.4%) compared to those without aura (28.6%), (p-value=0.013). Noise emerged as the most common trigger, with 37 patients mentioning it as a factor precipitating migraine attacks.
Conclusion: The findings of our study emphasize the need for early detection through screening of migraine in the study population and necessary lifestyle measures to minimize its burden.
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Dr.Pradeep Kumar Yadav
Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry Rajarshi Dasrath Autonomous State Medical College, Ayodhya, UP, India
Dr.Priyanka Yadav
Consultant Gynecologist, Community Health Centre, Rudauli, Ayodhya, UP, India
Dr.Abbas Mehdi
Professor, Department of Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry Rajarshi Dasrath Autonomous State Medical College, Ayodhya, UP, India Psychiatry, Career Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India