Evaluation of The Anti-Cancer Efficiency of Lavender Oil and Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Through Induction of Apoptosis
Main Article Content
Keywords
Cancer cell lines, lavender oil, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), Apoptosis
Abstract
Due to their high effectiveness and lack of adverse effects, numerous researches have recently concentrated on the use of biological agents and natural products as an alternative method of treating many incurable diseases, such as cancer. In this study, NDV and lavender oil were tested on cancer cell lines (AMJ-13 and HCAM) as well as normal cell line (HBL-100). The study's findings demonstrated that the study materials (lavender oil, NDV) were cytotoxic to malignant cell lines when tested using the MTT assay, where the IC50 values for NDV were MOI0.0065 for the cancerous cell line AMJ-13 and MOI0.0068 for the cancerous cell line HCAM, and the IC50 values for lavender oil were 5.77 μg / ml for the cancerous cell line AMJ-13 and 5.55 μg / ml for the HCAM cell line, Pathological abnormalities appeared in the treated cells when they were examined with hematoxylin and eosin (H & E), indicating that each substance's harmful effects, both separately and in combination, had an impact on the cells' appearance . Additionally, to examine the occurrence of programmed cell death, cells were stained with acridine orange and ethidium bromide (AO/EB).
References
1. AbbasAllaftah, A. N., & AlHassan, A. A. Y. (2022, January). Lavender oil anti-oxidative and anti-tumor activity. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2386, No. 1, p. 020045). AIP Publishing LLC.
2. Al-Ali, A. A., Alsalami, K. A., & Athbi, A. M. (2022). Cytotoxic effects of CeO2 NPs and β-Carotene and their ability to induce apoptosis in human breast normal and cancer cell lines. Iraqi Journal of Science, 923-937.
3. Al-Jassim, Z. G., Al-Abbassi, M. G., & Yaseen, N. Y. (2014). The Cytotoxic Effect of 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose Combination with 5-Fluorourasil and NO-Aspirin on Mammary Adenocacinoma Cell Line. J Nat Sci Res www, 4(19), 2225-921.
4. Al-Shammari, A. M., Al-Esmaeel, W. N., Al Ali, A. A. A., Hassan, A. A., & Ahmed, A. A. (2019, April). Enhancement of oncolytic activity of newcastle disease virus through combination with retinoic acid against digestive system malignancies. In molecular Therapy (Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 126-127). 50 HAMPSHIRE ST, FLOOR 5, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA: CELL PRESS.
5. Al-Ziaydi, A. G., Al-Shammari, A. M., Hamzah, M. I., Kadhim, H. S., & Jabir, M. S. (2020). Newcastle disease virus suppress glycolysis pathway and induce breast cancer cells death. Virusdisease, 31(3), 341-348.
6. Ariizumi, T., Ogose, A., Kawashima, H., Hotta, T., Umezu, H., & Endo, N. (2009). Multinucleation followed by an acytokinetic cell division in myxofibrosarcoma with giant cell proliferation. Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, 28(1), 1-6.
7. BARKAT, M., & LAIB, I. N. (2012). Antioxidant activity of the essential oil from the flowers of Lavandula stoechas. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, 4(7), 96-101.
8. Cancer. World Health Organization. Available from: http://www.who.int/ mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en. [Accessed on 2017 Feb 17].
9. De Queiroz, N. M. G. P., Xia, T., Konno, H., & Barber, G. N. (2019). Ovarian Cancer Cells Commonly Exhibit Defective STING Signaling Which Affects Sensitivity to Viral OncolysisSTING Signaling in Ovarian Cancer. Molecular Cancer Research, 17(4), 974-986.
10. Fahmy, M. A., Abd-Alla, H. I., Hassan, E. E., Hassan, Z. M., & Heba-tollah, M. S. (2020). Genotoxicity and sperm defects induced by 5-FU in male mice and the possible protective role of Pentas lanceolata-iridoids. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 850, 503145.
11. Fahmy, M. A., Farghaly, A. A., Hassan, E. E., Hassan, E. M., Hassan, Z. M., Mahmoud, K., & Omara, E. A. (2022). Evaluation of the Anti-Cancer/Anti-Mutagenic Efficiency of Lavandula officinalis Essential Oil. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 23(4), 1215-1222.
12. Falih, S. M., Al-Saray, S. T., Alfaris, A. A., & Al-Ali, A. A. (2022). The synergistic effect of eucalyptus oil and retinoic acid on human esophagus cancer cell line SK-GT-4. Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, 23(1), 1-12.
13. Falih, S. M., Al-Saray, S. T., Alfaris, A. A., & Al-Ali, A. A. (2022). The synergistic effect of eucalyptus oil and retinoic acid on human esophagus cancer cell line SK-GT-4. Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, 23(1), 1-12.
14. Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, et al. Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2020 (https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed February 2021).
15. Gezici, S. (2018). Promising anticancer activity of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) essential oil through induction of both apoptosis and necrosis. Annals of Phytomedicine, 7(2), 38-45.
16. Gezici, S. and Sekeroglu, N. (2017). Regulation of micro RNAs by natural products and bioactive compounds obtained from common medicinal plants: Novel strategy in cancer therapy. Ind. J. Pharm. Educ. Res., 51(3):483-488.
17. Hassan, S. A. H., Al-Shammari, A. M., & Allawe, A. B. Oncolytic Effect Of Non-Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus Lasota Strain In Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines In Vitro.
18. Hemminki, O., Dos Santos, J. M., & Hemminki, A. (2020). Oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy. Journal of hematology & oncology, 13(1), 1-15.
19. Hemminki, O., Dos Santos, J. M., & Hemminki, A. (2020). Oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy. Journal of hematology & oncology, 13(1), 1-15.
20. Jhawar, S. R., Thandoni, A., Bommareddy, P. K., Hassan, S., Kohlhapp, F. J., Goyal, S., ... & Zloza, A. (2017). Oncolytic viruses—natural and genetically engineered cancer immunotherapies. Frontiers in Oncology, 7, 202.
21. Kalantari, A., Keyvanfar, H., & Mortazavi, P. (2020). Evaluation of apoptosis induction by newcastle disease virus LaSota strain in human breast carcinoma cells. Archives of Razi Institute, 75(3), 367.
22. Keshavarz, M., Nejad, A. S. M., Esghaei, M., Bokharaei-Salim, F., DianatMoghadam, H., Keyvani, H., & Ghaemi, A. (2019). Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus reduces growth of cervical cancer cell by inducing apoptosis. Saudi
Journal of Biological Sciences, 27(1), 47-52.
23. Khan, T., Ali, M., Khan, A., Nisar, P., Jan, S. A., Afridi, S., & Shinwari, Z. K. (2019). Anticancer plants: A review of the active phytochemicals, applications in animal models, and regulatory aspects. Biomolecules, 10(1), 47.
24. Ko, B. K., Lee, S. Y., Lee, Y. H., Hwang, I. S., Persson, H., Rockberg, J., ... & Lee, J. S. (2014). Combination of novel HER2-targeting antibody 1E11 with trastuzumab shows synergistic antitumor activity in HER2-positive gastric cancer. Molecular oncology, 9(2), 398-408.
25. Liu, K., Liu, P. C., Liu, R., & Wu, X. (2015). Dual AO/EB staining to detect apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells compared with flow cytometry. Medical science monitor basic research, 21, 15.
26. Liu, K., Liu, P. C., Liu, R., & Wu, X. (2015). Dual AO/EB staining to detect apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells compared with flow cytometry. Medical science monitor basic research, 21, 15.
27. Mondal, M., Guo, J., He, P., & Zhou, D. (2020). Recent advances of oncolytic virus in cancer therapy. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 16(10), 2389-2402.
28. Nadri, M. H., Salim, Y., Basar, N., Yahya, A., & Zulkifli, R. M. (2014). Antioxidant activities and tyrosinase inhibition effects of Phaleria macrocarpa extracts. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 11(3), 107-111.
29. Nikšić, H., Kovač-Bešović, E., Makarević, E., Durić, K., Kusturica, J., & Muratovic, S. (2017). Antiproliferative, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. essential oil. Journal of Health Sciences, 7(1).
30. Ould-Moussa, N., Safi, M., Guedeau-Boudeville, M. A., Montero, D., Conjeaud, H., & Berret, J. F. (2014). In vitro toxicity of nanoceria: effect of coating and stability in biofluids. Nanotoxicology, 8(7), 799-811.
31. Pejin, B., Iodice, C., Bogdanović, G., Kojić, V., & Tešević, V. (2017). Stictic acid inhibits cell growth of human colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 10, S1240-S1242.
32. Rasoul, L. M., Ali, L. F., & Mohammed, N. S. (2019). The Promising Anti-Tumor Impact of Newcastle Disease Virus Expressing IL-2 and P53 Genes in Many Cancer Cell Lines In vitro. Iraqi journal of biotechnology, 18(2).
33. Ravindra, P. V., Tiwari, A. K., Ratta, B., Chaturvedi, U., Palia, S. K., Subudhi, P. K., ... & Chauhan, R. S. (2008). Induction of apoptosis in Vero cells by Newcastle disease virus requires viral replication, de-novo protein synthesis and caspase activation. Virus research, 133(2), 285-290.
34. Ravindra, P. V., Tiwari, A. K., Sharma, B., & Chauhan, R. S. (2009). Newcastle disease virus as an oncolytic agent. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 130(5).
35. Rejhová, A., Opattová, A., Čumová, A., Slíva, D., & Vodička, P. (2018). Natural compounds and combination therapy in colorectal cancer treatment. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 144, 582-594.
36. Rejhová, A., Opattová, A., Čumová, A., Slíva, D., & Vodička, P. (2018). Natural compounds and combination therapy in colorectal cancer treatment. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 144, 582-594.
37. Ruiz, R. B., & Hernández, P. S. (2016). Cancer chemoprevention by dietary phytochemicals: Epidemiological evidence. Maturitas, 94, 13-19.
38. Russell, L., Swanner, J., Jaime-Ramirez, A. C., Wang, Y., Sprague, A., Banasavadi-Siddegowda, Y., ... & Kaur, B. (2018). PTEN expression by an oncolytic herpesvirus directs T-cell mediated tumor clearance. Nature communications, 9(1), 1-16.
39. Sabo, V. A., & Knezevic, P. (2019). Antimicrobial activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. plant extracts and essential oils: A review. Industrial crops and products, 132, 413-429.
40. Sharma, M., Grewal, K., Jandrotia, R., Batish, D. R., Singh, H. P., & Kohli, R. K. (2022). Essential oils as anticancer agents: Potential role in malignancies, drug delivery mechanisms, and immune system enhancement. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 146, 112514.
41. Siegel, R.L.; Miller, K.D and Jemal, A. (2018). Cancer statistics, 2018. CA. A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 68(1):7-30.
42. Soković, M., Glamočlija, J., Marin, P. D., Brkić, D., & Van Griensven, L. J. (2010). Antibacterial effects of the essential oils of commonly
consumed medicinal herbs using an in vitro model. Molecules, 15(11), 7532-7546.
43. Soulaimani, B., Nafis, A., Kasrati, A., Rochdi, A., Mezrioui, N. E., Abbad, A., & Hassani, L. (2019). Chemical composition, antimicrobial activity and synergistic potential of essential oil from endemic Lavandula maroccana (Mill.). South African Journal of Botany, 125, 202-206.
44. Stevens, A., Lowe, J. S., & Scott, I. (2008). Core pathology. Elsevier Health Sciences.
45. Velazquez-Kronen, R., & Nelson, J. (2020). World Cancer Day 2020–reflecting on a decade of NIOSH cancer research.
46. Zhao, Y., Chen, R., Wang, Y., Qing, C., Wang, W., & Yang, Y. (2017). In vitro and in vivo efficacy studies of Lavender angustifolia essential oil and its active constituents on the proliferation of human prostate cancer. Integrative cancer therapies, 16(2), 215-226.
47. Zheljazkov, V. D., Kacaniova, M., Dincheva, I., Radoukova, T., Semerdjieva, I. B., Astatkie, T., & Schlegel, V. (2018). Essential oil composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the galbuli of six juniper species. Industrial Crops and Products, 124, 449-458.
48. Zhou, Y., Tang, J., Du, Y., Ding, J., & Liu, J. Y. (2016). The green tea polyphenol EGCG potentiates the antiproliferative activity of sunitinib in human cancer cells. Tumor Biology, 37(7), 8555-8566.
49. Zu, Y., Yu, H., Liang, L., Fu, Y., Efferth, T., Liu, X., & Wu, N. (2010). Activities of ten essential oils towards Propionibacterium acnes and PC-3, A-549 and MCF-7 cancer cells. Molecules, 15(5), 3200-3210.
2. Al-Ali, A. A., Alsalami, K. A., & Athbi, A. M. (2022). Cytotoxic effects of CeO2 NPs and β-Carotene and their ability to induce apoptosis in human breast normal and cancer cell lines. Iraqi Journal of Science, 923-937.
3. Al-Jassim, Z. G., Al-Abbassi, M. G., & Yaseen, N. Y. (2014). The Cytotoxic Effect of 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose Combination with 5-Fluorourasil and NO-Aspirin on Mammary Adenocacinoma Cell Line. J Nat Sci Res www, 4(19), 2225-921.
4. Al-Shammari, A. M., Al-Esmaeel, W. N., Al Ali, A. A. A., Hassan, A. A., & Ahmed, A. A. (2019, April). Enhancement of oncolytic activity of newcastle disease virus through combination with retinoic acid against digestive system malignancies. In molecular Therapy (Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 126-127). 50 HAMPSHIRE ST, FLOOR 5, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA: CELL PRESS.
5. Al-Ziaydi, A. G., Al-Shammari, A. M., Hamzah, M. I., Kadhim, H. S., & Jabir, M. S. (2020). Newcastle disease virus suppress glycolysis pathway and induce breast cancer cells death. Virusdisease, 31(3), 341-348.
6. Ariizumi, T., Ogose, A., Kawashima, H., Hotta, T., Umezu, H., & Endo, N. (2009). Multinucleation followed by an acytokinetic cell division in myxofibrosarcoma with giant cell proliferation. Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, 28(1), 1-6.
7. BARKAT, M., & LAIB, I. N. (2012). Antioxidant activity of the essential oil from the flowers of Lavandula stoechas. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, 4(7), 96-101.
8. Cancer. World Health Organization. Available from: http://www.who.int/ mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en. [Accessed on 2017 Feb 17].
9. De Queiroz, N. M. G. P., Xia, T., Konno, H., & Barber, G. N. (2019). Ovarian Cancer Cells Commonly Exhibit Defective STING Signaling Which Affects Sensitivity to Viral OncolysisSTING Signaling in Ovarian Cancer. Molecular Cancer Research, 17(4), 974-986.
10. Fahmy, M. A., Abd-Alla, H. I., Hassan, E. E., Hassan, Z. M., & Heba-tollah, M. S. (2020). Genotoxicity and sperm defects induced by 5-FU in male mice and the possible protective role of Pentas lanceolata-iridoids. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 850, 503145.
11. Fahmy, M. A., Farghaly, A. A., Hassan, E. E., Hassan, E. M., Hassan, Z. M., Mahmoud, K., & Omara, E. A. (2022). Evaluation of the Anti-Cancer/Anti-Mutagenic Efficiency of Lavandula officinalis Essential Oil. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 23(4), 1215-1222.
12. Falih, S. M., Al-Saray, S. T., Alfaris, A. A., & Al-Ali, A. A. (2022). The synergistic effect of eucalyptus oil and retinoic acid on human esophagus cancer cell line SK-GT-4. Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, 23(1), 1-12.
13. Falih, S. M., Al-Saray, S. T., Alfaris, A. A., & Al-Ali, A. A. (2022). The synergistic effect of eucalyptus oil and retinoic acid on human esophagus cancer cell line SK-GT-4. Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, 23(1), 1-12.
14. Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, et al. Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2020 (https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed February 2021).
15. Gezici, S. (2018). Promising anticancer activity of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) essential oil through induction of both apoptosis and necrosis. Annals of Phytomedicine, 7(2), 38-45.
16. Gezici, S. and Sekeroglu, N. (2017). Regulation of micro RNAs by natural products and bioactive compounds obtained from common medicinal plants: Novel strategy in cancer therapy. Ind. J. Pharm. Educ. Res., 51(3):483-488.
17. Hassan, S. A. H., Al-Shammari, A. M., & Allawe, A. B. Oncolytic Effect Of Non-Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus Lasota Strain In Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines In Vitro.
18. Hemminki, O., Dos Santos, J. M., & Hemminki, A. (2020). Oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy. Journal of hematology & oncology, 13(1), 1-15.
19. Hemminki, O., Dos Santos, J. M., & Hemminki, A. (2020). Oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy. Journal of hematology & oncology, 13(1), 1-15.
20. Jhawar, S. R., Thandoni, A., Bommareddy, P. K., Hassan, S., Kohlhapp, F. J., Goyal, S., ... & Zloza, A. (2017). Oncolytic viruses—natural and genetically engineered cancer immunotherapies. Frontiers in Oncology, 7, 202.
21. Kalantari, A., Keyvanfar, H., & Mortazavi, P. (2020). Evaluation of apoptosis induction by newcastle disease virus LaSota strain in human breast carcinoma cells. Archives of Razi Institute, 75(3), 367.
22. Keshavarz, M., Nejad, A. S. M., Esghaei, M., Bokharaei-Salim, F., DianatMoghadam, H., Keyvani, H., & Ghaemi, A. (2019). Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus reduces growth of cervical cancer cell by inducing apoptosis. Saudi
Journal of Biological Sciences, 27(1), 47-52.
23. Khan, T., Ali, M., Khan, A., Nisar, P., Jan, S. A., Afridi, S., & Shinwari, Z. K. (2019). Anticancer plants: A review of the active phytochemicals, applications in animal models, and regulatory aspects. Biomolecules, 10(1), 47.
24. Ko, B. K., Lee, S. Y., Lee, Y. H., Hwang, I. S., Persson, H., Rockberg, J., ... & Lee, J. S. (2014). Combination of novel HER2-targeting antibody 1E11 with trastuzumab shows synergistic antitumor activity in HER2-positive gastric cancer. Molecular oncology, 9(2), 398-408.
25. Liu, K., Liu, P. C., Liu, R., & Wu, X. (2015). Dual AO/EB staining to detect apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells compared with flow cytometry. Medical science monitor basic research, 21, 15.
26. Liu, K., Liu, P. C., Liu, R., & Wu, X. (2015). Dual AO/EB staining to detect apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells compared with flow cytometry. Medical science monitor basic research, 21, 15.
27. Mondal, M., Guo, J., He, P., & Zhou, D. (2020). Recent advances of oncolytic virus in cancer therapy. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 16(10), 2389-2402.
28. Nadri, M. H., Salim, Y., Basar, N., Yahya, A., & Zulkifli, R. M. (2014). Antioxidant activities and tyrosinase inhibition effects of Phaleria macrocarpa extracts. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 11(3), 107-111.
29. Nikšić, H., Kovač-Bešović, E., Makarević, E., Durić, K., Kusturica, J., & Muratovic, S. (2017). Antiproliferative, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. essential oil. Journal of Health Sciences, 7(1).
30. Ould-Moussa, N., Safi, M., Guedeau-Boudeville, M. A., Montero, D., Conjeaud, H., & Berret, J. F. (2014). In vitro toxicity of nanoceria: effect of coating and stability in biofluids. Nanotoxicology, 8(7), 799-811.
31. Pejin, B., Iodice, C., Bogdanović, G., Kojić, V., & Tešević, V. (2017). Stictic acid inhibits cell growth of human colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 10, S1240-S1242.
32. Rasoul, L. M., Ali, L. F., & Mohammed, N. S. (2019). The Promising Anti-Tumor Impact of Newcastle Disease Virus Expressing IL-2 and P53 Genes in Many Cancer Cell Lines In vitro. Iraqi journal of biotechnology, 18(2).
33. Ravindra, P. V., Tiwari, A. K., Ratta, B., Chaturvedi, U., Palia, S. K., Subudhi, P. K., ... & Chauhan, R. S. (2008). Induction of apoptosis in Vero cells by Newcastle disease virus requires viral replication, de-novo protein synthesis and caspase activation. Virus research, 133(2), 285-290.
34. Ravindra, P. V., Tiwari, A. K., Sharma, B., & Chauhan, R. S. (2009). Newcastle disease virus as an oncolytic agent. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 130(5).
35. Rejhová, A., Opattová, A., Čumová, A., Slíva, D., & Vodička, P. (2018). Natural compounds and combination therapy in colorectal cancer treatment. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 144, 582-594.
36. Rejhová, A., Opattová, A., Čumová, A., Slíva, D., & Vodička, P. (2018). Natural compounds and combination therapy in colorectal cancer treatment. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 144, 582-594.
37. Ruiz, R. B., & Hernández, P. S. (2016). Cancer chemoprevention by dietary phytochemicals: Epidemiological evidence. Maturitas, 94, 13-19.
38. Russell, L., Swanner, J., Jaime-Ramirez, A. C., Wang, Y., Sprague, A., Banasavadi-Siddegowda, Y., ... & Kaur, B. (2018). PTEN expression by an oncolytic herpesvirus directs T-cell mediated tumor clearance. Nature communications, 9(1), 1-16.
39. Sabo, V. A., & Knezevic, P. (2019). Antimicrobial activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. plant extracts and essential oils: A review. Industrial crops and products, 132, 413-429.
40. Sharma, M., Grewal, K., Jandrotia, R., Batish, D. R., Singh, H. P., & Kohli, R. K. (2022). Essential oils as anticancer agents: Potential role in malignancies, drug delivery mechanisms, and immune system enhancement. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 146, 112514.
41. Siegel, R.L.; Miller, K.D and Jemal, A. (2018). Cancer statistics, 2018. CA. A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 68(1):7-30.
42. Soković, M., Glamočlija, J., Marin, P. D., Brkić, D., & Van Griensven, L. J. (2010). Antibacterial effects of the essential oils of commonly
consumed medicinal herbs using an in vitro model. Molecules, 15(11), 7532-7546.
43. Soulaimani, B., Nafis, A., Kasrati, A., Rochdi, A., Mezrioui, N. E., Abbad, A., & Hassani, L. (2019). Chemical composition, antimicrobial activity and synergistic potential of essential oil from endemic Lavandula maroccana (Mill.). South African Journal of Botany, 125, 202-206.
44. Stevens, A., Lowe, J. S., & Scott, I. (2008). Core pathology. Elsevier Health Sciences.
45. Velazquez-Kronen, R., & Nelson, J. (2020). World Cancer Day 2020–reflecting on a decade of NIOSH cancer research.
46. Zhao, Y., Chen, R., Wang, Y., Qing, C., Wang, W., & Yang, Y. (2017). In vitro and in vivo efficacy studies of Lavender angustifolia essential oil and its active constituents on the proliferation of human prostate cancer. Integrative cancer therapies, 16(2), 215-226.
47. Zheljazkov, V. D., Kacaniova, M., Dincheva, I., Radoukova, T., Semerdjieva, I. B., Astatkie, T., & Schlegel, V. (2018). Essential oil composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the galbuli of six juniper species. Industrial Crops and Products, 124, 449-458.
48. Zhou, Y., Tang, J., Du, Y., Ding, J., & Liu, J. Y. (2016). The green tea polyphenol EGCG potentiates the antiproliferative activity of sunitinib in human cancer cells. Tumor Biology, 37(7), 8555-8566.
49. Zu, Y., Yu, H., Liang, L., Fu, Y., Efferth, T., Liu, X., & Wu, N. (2010). Activities of ten essential oils towards Propionibacterium acnes and PC-3, A-549 and MCF-7 cancer cells. Molecules, 15(5), 3200-3210.
Article Sidebar
Published
Mar 29, 2023
Article Details
How to Cite
Fatema Fawzi Younis Al-Habeeb, & Ali Abd Alateef Abd Alhassan Al Ali. (2023). Evaluation of The Anti-Cancer Efficiency of Lavender Oil and Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Through Induction of Apoptosis. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 30(5), 391–406. https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2023.30.05.040
Issue
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.