COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SERUM VITAMIN D LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND NON-DIABETIC INDIVIDUALS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Main Article Content
Keywords
Vitamin D, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, HbA1c, Insulin Resistance, Hypovitaminosis D
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D plays a significant role in glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and pancreatic β-cell function. Emerging evidence suggests an association between vitamin D deficiency and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but findings remain inconsistent, particularly in Indian populations where both conditions are highly prevalent.
Aim: To compare serum vitamin D levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic individuals.
Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Dr. N. Y. Tasgaonkar Medical College, Karjat, including 50 participants divided into two groups: Group A (T2DM patients, n=25) and Group B (non-diabetic controls, n=25). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were estimated using chemiluminescent immunoassay. Glycemic parameters including fasting blood glucose and HbA1c were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using independent t-test and Pearson correlation, with significance set at p<0.05.
Results: Serum vitamin D levels were significantly lower in the diabetic group compared to controls. A higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was observed among diabetic patients. A statistically significant negative correlation was noted between vitamin D levels and HbA1c.
Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is significantly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and may contribute to poor glycemic control. Routine monitoring and correction of vitamin D deficiency could be beneficial in diabetic patients.
References
2. Mitri J, Muraru MD, Pittas AG. Vitamin D and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2011;65(9):1005–1015. doi:10.1038/ejcn.2011.118
3. Chiu KC, Chu A, Go VLW, Saad MF. Hypovitaminosis D is associated with insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;79(5):820–825.doi:10.1093/ajcn/79.5.820
4. Palomer X, González-Clemente JM, Blanco-Vaca F, Mauricio D. Role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2008;10(3):185–197. doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2007. 00710.x
5. Kayaniyil S, Vieth R, Retnakaran R, Knight JA, Qi Y, Gerstein HC. Association of vitamin D with insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction in subjects at risk for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(6):1379–1381. doi:10.2337/dc09-2321
6. Maestro B, Campión J, Dávila N, Calle C. Stimulation by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 of insulin receptor expression. Endocr J. 2000;47(4):383–391. doi:10.1507/endocrj.47.383
7. Forouhi NG, Ye Z, Rickard AP, Khaw KT, Luben R, Langenberg C. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and the risk of type 2 diabetes: results from the EPIC-Norfolk cohort. Diabetologia. 2012;55(8):2173–2182. doi:10.1007/s00125-012-2544-y
8. Pittas AG, Nelson J, Mitri J, Hillmann W, Garganta C, Nathan DM. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and progression to diabetes in patients at risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(3): E436–E440. doi:10.1210/jc.2011-2282
9. Scragg R, Sowers M, Bell C. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, diabetes, and ethnicity in the United States. Diabetes Care. 2004;27(12):2813–2818. doi:10.2337/diacare.27.12.2813
10. Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2007;357(3):266–281. doi:10.1056/NEJMra070553
11. Need AG, O’Loughlin PD, Horowitz M, Nordin BEC. Relationship between fasting serum glucose and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(8):4688–4691. doi:10.1210/jc.2005-0447
12. Mathieu C, Gysemans C, Giulietti A, Bouillon R. Vitamin D and diabetes. Diabetologia. 2005;48(7):1247–1257. doi:10.1007/s00125-005-1802-7
13. Pittas AG, Harris SS, Stark PC, Dawson-Hughes B. The effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on blood glucose and markers of inflammation. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(4):980–986. doi:10.2337/dc06-1994.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
