EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF TERMINALIA BELLIRICA AGAINST N-NITROSODIETHYLAMINE (DIETHYLNITROSAMINE)-INDUCED LIVER CANCER IN MALE WISTAR ALBINO RATS
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Keywords
Terminalia bellirica, Hepatocellular carcinoma, N nitrosodiethylamine (DEN), Lipid peroxidation
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading global cause of mortality, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presenting as a highly aggressive tumor often linked to chronic liver disease and chemical carcinogens such as N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN). DEN induces intense oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation (LPO), and the depletion of endogenous antioxidant defenses. This study investigates the antioxidant and chemopreventive efficacy of the ethanolic extract of Terminalia bellirica (EETB) on DEN-induced liver cancer in male Wistar albino rats. Rats were divided into four groups (n = 6): a normal control, a DEN-induced cancer group, a DEN + EETB treatment group (300 mg/kg body weight orally for 30 days), and an EETB-only control group. Biochemical evaluations revealed that DEN intoxication significantly elevated basal and stimulated lipid peroxidation (TBARS) while drastically depleting enzymic (SOD, CAT, GPx) and nonenzymic (GSH, Vitamin C, Vitamin E) antioxidants in both serum and liver tissues (P < 0.001). Oral administration of EETB successfully reversed elevated TBARS levels and significantly restored both enzymic and nonenzymic antioxidant profiles toward baseline homeostatic concentrations. These findings demonstrate that EETB effectively combats DEN-induced oxidative stress and exhibits robust therapeutic and chemopreventive potential against hepatocellular carcinoma.
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