PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF AJUGA BRACTEOSA AND CIRSIUM HORRIDULUM FROM DISTRICT DIR LOWER KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN
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Keywords
Antibacterial, antifungal, plant extract, Ajuga bracteosa, Salmonella typhi
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to carry out phytochemical characterization and evaluation of antimicrobial properties in ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Cirsium horridulum and Ajuga bracteosa against bacterial pathogens like, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus pneumonae Salmonella typhi and fungal strains, like Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium graminearum, Aspergillus nigar, and Candida albicans. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals were assessed for bioactive constituents in both plants. The results of this study showed that some organism were resistant the plant extract such as Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The findings of the agar well-diffusion method demonstrated dose-dependent action of plant extracts against testes samples of bacteria and fungi. The highest antibacterial effect of Ajuga bracteosa (25.2±1.23) and Cirsium horridulum (23.5±1.51) was recorded against Salmonella typhi. The antifungal activity showed that the highest zone of inhibition (27.1±1.26) and (28.4±3.23) against Aspergillus nigar were exhibited by the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Ajuga bracteosa and Cirsium Horridulum, respectively. The phytochemical assessment of selected plants also revealed both plants contain highly important constituents like coumarins, flavonoids, proteins, phlobatanins, tannins, terpenoids, phenols and alkaloids.
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