EFFECT OF PERIODONTAL THERAPY AND VITAMIN C ON SERUM C-REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVELS AND ASSOCIATED ORAL ANATOMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES
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Keywords
Periodontitis, Phase I therapy, Vitamin C, C-reactive protein, periodontal therapy, inflammation.
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the supporting tissues of the teeth which can lead to inflammation in other parts of the body. One of the inflammatory markers that could be elevated in PD patients is the serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). The effects of phase I periodontal therapy will decrease local periodontal inflammation, and vitamin C may benefit further, owing to its antioxidant and immune supporting properties.
Objective: To determine the effect of Phase I periodontal therapy with adjunctive vitamin C on serum C-reactive protein levels in patients with generalized chronic moderate periodontitis.
Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test comparative study carried out in Department of Periodontology at Sardar Begum Dental College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, from January 2025 to June 2025. Forty patients having generalized chronic moderate periodontitis were included and were divided into two groups of 20 patients each. Group A was given the periodontal therapy (Phase I) with vitamin C and Group B received the periodontal therapy (Phase I) with placebo. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) was taken before and after 1 month. A SPSS version 26 data analysis software was used for the analysis of data. The mean values and standard deviations were obtained for the CRP levels and also for the comparison between groups independent sample t-test was used. A p value of < 0.05 was deemed as statistically significant.
Results: The study included 17 males and 23 females. Before treatment, the mean serum CRP level was 39.8720 ± 25.95338 mg/L in the vitamin C group and 35.2720 ± 36.12485 mg/L in the placebo group. After one month, CRP decreased to 8.7895 ± 9.85048 mg/L in the vitamin C group and 26.4155 ± 29.67659 mg/L in the placebo group. The post-treatment difference between the groups was statistically significant, indicating a greater reduction in CRP among patients receiving adjunctive vitamin C.
Conclusion: Phase I periodontal therapy with adjunctive vitamin C was more effective in reducing serum CRP levels than Phase I periodontal therapy with placebo. Vitamin C may be considered a useful adjunct in patients with generalized chronic moderate periodontitis for reducing systemic inflammatory burden.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
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Ureba Zaheer
Senior Registrar, Department of Periodontology, Sardar Begum Dental College, Peshawar, Pakistan
Afaq Farooq
Associate Professor, Department of Periodontology, Sardar Begum Dental College, Peshawar, Pakistan
Rabia Inam Gandapore
Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Bacha Khan Dental College, Mardan, Pakistan
Rizwan Zafar Langrial
Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology, Bakhtawar Amin Medical & Dental College, Multan, Pakistan
Ahmed
Senior Registrar, Department of Periodontology, CMH Lahore and IOD, Lahore, Pakistan
Rahmatullah
Regional Manager, Ismile Alinger KPK, Dental Aesthetic Clinic, Peshawar, Pakistan
