EVALUATION OF THYROID DYSFUNCTION IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH GESTATIONAL & PRE-GESTATIONAL DIABETES AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE GONDA, UTTAR PRADESH
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Keywords
Gestational diabetes, Thyroid function etc.
Abstract
Introduction- The thyroid gland, a key organ of the endocrine system, can be affected by persistently elevated blood glucose levels and the body’s compensatory mechanisms to correct carbohydrate imbalance. Pregnancy significantly influences hormonal balance, particularly thyroid activity. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was historically defined as a spectrum of glucose metabolism abnormalities. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and thyroid dysfunction are among the most common endocrine disorders affecting pregnant women.
Objectives- To investigate the prevalence and risk of thyroid disturbance in pregnant women with gestational and pre-gestational diabetes.
Methods- This was a descriptive analytical study with a cross-sectional design aimed at evaluating thyroid dysfunction in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM). A total of 100 pregnant women were enrolled in the study.
Results- The mean age of participants with pre-gestational diabetes was 30.8 ± 4.7 years, while those with gestational diabetes had a mean age of 30.2 ± 4.5 years. The most frequently observed pattern in both groups was mild to moderate hypertension, indicating a comparable trend across the two categories. Participants with pre-gestational diabetes showed a higher mean TSH level 10.2 ± 4.8 μIU/mL) with slightly elevated FT3 (1.8 ± 0.6 pg/mL) and FT4 (11.4 ± 2.7 ng/dL), indicating altered thyroid function associated with gestational diabetes.
Conclusion -This study demonstrates that while pre-gestational diabetes (PGDM) and gestational diabetes (GDM) patients are comparable in age and gestational period, PGDM is associated with more pronounced metabolic and endocrine disturbances. Specifically, patients with PGDM exhibited higher fasting blood glucose, reflecting impaired glycaemic control during pregnancy, along with adverse lipid profiles characterized by elevated triglycerides, LDL, and total cholesterol, and reduced HDL, indicating an increased cardiovascular risk.
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Anshika Saxena
Tutor, Department of Allied Health Sciences, GIMS Noida, U.P
Priyanka Yadav
Assistant Professor Department of Allied Health Sciences, SINPS, Sultanpur U.P
Ujala Tripathi
Assistant Professor Department of Allied Health Sciences, SINPS, Sultanpur U.P
