IMPACT OF SMOKING ON LUNG FUNCTION TEST AND CHEST EXPANSION AMONG YOUNG ADULTS - A SYSTEMIC REVIEW
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Abstract
Background: Smoking is a major preventable cause of respiratory dysfunction globally. Young adults are increasingly engaging in smoking habits, often unaware of the early impact on lung health.
Objective: To assess and compare the lung function and chest expansion between young adult male smokers and non-smokers.
Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted among 100 young adult males (50 smokers and 50 non-smokers) aged 15–24 years. Lung function parameters including Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC%, and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) were measured using a spirometer. Chest expansion was measured at the level of the fourth intercostal space using a measuring tape. Data were analysed using independent t-tests.
Results: Smokers showed significantly lower values in FVC (3.12 ± 0.56 vs. 4.05 ± 0.47 L), FEV1 (2.67 ± 0.49 vs. 3.85 ± 0.51 L), FEV1/FVC% (85.4 ± 4.6 vs. 95.1 ± 3.7), PEFR (370.2 ± 52.4 vs. 480.6 ± 60.3 L/min), and chest expansion (3.1 ± 0.7 vs. 4.3 ± 0.8 cm) compared to non-smokers (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Smoking has a significant negative impact on lung function and chest expansion in young adult males. Early screening and targeted interventions are essential to prevent long-term respiratory complications.
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Srajan
Tutor, Physiology Department, Autonomous State Medical College Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India,
Syed Tahseen Raza
Assistant Professor, Physiology Department, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital Era University, Lucknow, India
Seema Singh
Professor and Head, Physiology Department, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital,Era University,Lucknow, India,
