ASSESSMENT OF SERUM ADENOSINE DEAMINASE ACTIVITY AS A RISK MARKER FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION IN HYPOTHYROIDISM: A CASE CONTROL STUDY

Abstract

Background: Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome that results from the insufficient production of thyroid hormones leading to slow down the metabolic activities. It has been widely reported that thyroid gland is very much prone to autoimmune disorder. Adenosine deaminase (ADA), an enzyme distributed in the human tissues, is considered as nonspecific marker of cell-mediated immunity. Also it is suggested to be an important enzyme for modulating the bioactivity of thyroid hormones, but its clinical significance in thyroid disorders is not yet characterized.
Aim: To study the correlation of TSH with ADA as possible predictor of cardiovascular dysfunction.
Materials & Methods: This was a hospital based cross sectional study. A total of 200 subjects Study population was divided into two groups based on their thyroid reports. Patients with normal TSH, values (Below 5.0 mIU/L) were considered Control (Group 1). Patients with high TSH levels were classified as being hypothyroid mentioned as Cases (Above 10.0  mIU/L)  (Group 2). Among controls 21 (21%) were males and 79 (79%) females. Among cases 18 (18%) were males and 82 (82%) females reflecting the higher prevalence of hypothyroidism. This research was examined at Indore Index Medical College & Research Centre patients. After approval, the study's researchers began. Before the study, each subject gave informed consent. Healthy controls were those without history of hypothyroidism with any other medications or treatments, also pateints with any medical/ surgical illness like Cardio vascular disorders, Diabetes Mellitus, kidney failure, Liver disorders and other major chronic illnesses were excluded.

Results: The present investigation was designed as an age matched case–control study, including 100 hypothyroid patients (cases) and 100 healthy individuals (controls). The primary objective was to evaluate the consequences of hypothyroidism on ADA levels, and to establish correlations that highlight their role in cardiovascular risk. Key Findings included, ADA level was found to be significantly higher in overt hypothyroid patients as compared to normal euthyroid subjects. Importantly ADA levels correlated positively with TSH values, (r = 0.651, p < 0.001, S) Reflecting that greater thyroid dysfunction is accompanied by heightened inflammatory activity. Our findings suggest that ADA may play a role in the pathophysiology of thyroid disorders; however, a large-scale study is required to predict the relationship.