ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DENTURE BASE SURFACE ROUGHNESS, CANDIDA COLONIZATION, AND DENTURE STOMATITIS SEVERITY IN COMPLETE DENTURE WEARERS.
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Keywords
Denture stomatitis, Candida albicans, surface roughness, denture base acrylic resin, biofilm, prosthodontics
Abstract
Objective: Denture stomatitis (DS) is a common inflammatory condition among complete denture wearers and is strongly associated with Candida albicans colonization on denture surfaces. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical relationship between the surface roughness (Rₐ) of heat-polymerized acrylic denture bases and the density of Candida albicans colonization in patients diagnosed with denture stomatitis in the teaching hospital network of Peshawar.
Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2024 to February 2025. A total of 120 complete denture wearers presenting with clinical signs of Newton’s Type II and Type III denture stomatitis were included. Surface roughness of the intaglio denture surface was measured using a digital profilometer. Microbial samples were obtained from both the denture base and palatal mucosa. The samples were cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar, and fungal colonization was quantified as colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26. Spearman correlation and multivariable logistic regression were applied to assess the relationship between surface roughness and Candida colonization.
Results: A strong positive correlation was observed between denture surface roughness and fungal colonization (rₛ = 0.84, p < 0.001). Dentures with surface roughness greater than 0.2 µm demonstrated significantly higher Candida counts (11.95 ± 3.84 ×10³ CFU/mL) compared with smoother surfaces (1.42 ± 0.55 ×10³ CFU/mL). Higher roughness values were also associated with increased severity of denture stomatitis. Multivariable regression analysis showed that surface roughness greater than 0.2 µm significantly increased the odds of high Candida colonization (OR = 4.12, 95% CI: 2.15–7.88, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The findings demonstrate a strong association between denture base surface roughness and Candida colonization in patients with denture stomatitis. Dentures with rougher surfaces are significantly more likely to harbor dense fungal biofilms. Strict laboratory finishing and polishing protocols aimed at maintaining surface roughness below 0.2 µm may help reduce Candida colonization and improve clinical outcomes in complete denture wearers.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Hanif Ullah
BDS, FCPS, Senior Registrar, Department of Prosthodontics, Frontier Medical and Dental College, Abbottabad,
Afnan Rahman
BDS, FCPS, Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Women Medical and Dental College, Abbottabad, Email:
Rozeena Farooq
BDS, FCPS, Dental Surgeon, RHC Shinkiari Email:
Sharqa Yasin
BDS, House Officer, Institute of Dental Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Kohat
Faraz Habib
BDS, House Officer, Institute of Dental Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Kohat
Shafi Ur Rahman
BDS, House Officer, Institute of Dental Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Kohat
