EVALUATION OF PREVALENCE & ASSOCIATION OF VARIOUS CARDIAC ABNORMALITIES WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN ADULT RURAL POPULATION OF INDIA: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
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Keywords
Chronic kidney disease, Cardiovascular disease, LVH, hypercholestremia, obesity, rural, India
Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health challenge. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD. There is definite evidence that prevalence of CVD among End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients is very high by the time renal replacement treatment is started and is the leading causes of death in even in renal transplant recipients.
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and types of cardiac dysfunction associated with chronic kidney disease, with an intention to recommend management of cardiovascular disease and associated risk factors more aggressively in this subset of patients.
Methods: A prospective observational cross- sectional study conducted at Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital. The first 76 adult patients of CKD presenting to the outpatient and inpatient department were enrolled in the study. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and Echocardiography (ECHO) were carried out to assess cardiac abnormalities, ultrasound of abdomen, and routine tests including lipid profile and 24 hour urinary protein were done to assess renal function and associated risk factors.
Results: Most of the patients with cardiac abnormalities with CKD were between 35 to 45 years (p=0.009) with a higher prevalence in men (56.6%). 77.6% patients had cardiac abnormalities out of which left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was most prevalent (39.9%) followed by valvular lesion like mitral regurgitation (27.6%), tricuspid regurgitation (26.3%), global hypokinesia (26.3%) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (13.6%). Risk factor analysis revealed over weight ( 28.9%) , obesity ( 9.2%), and hypercholesterolemia (22.4%) as significant predictor of cardiac disease in CKD patients.
Conclusion: The study’s findings strongly suggest that routine cardiovascular screening using ECG, echocardiography, and lipid profiling can facilitate early identification of high-risk patients of CKD with cardiac complications.
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Dr Jidnyasa Joshi
Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital Bareilly, UP, India. Mobile- 8275590092
Dr. Brahamjit Singh
Associate Professor, Department of Medical Oncology, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital Bareilly, UP, India. Mobile- 9075175037
Dr. Sudhir Kumar Yadav
Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital Bareilly, UP, India. Mobile – 98372610852
Dr. Seema Seth
Professor and Head of the Department of Internal Medicine, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital Bareilly, UP, India, Mobile- 9839091800
