A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ABDOMINAL BREATHING AND PURSED-LIP BREATHING ON OXYGEN SATURATION AND QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS
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Keywords
Active Cycle of Breathing Technique, Diaphragmatic Breathing, Pursed-lip Breathing,Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Respiratory Physical Therapy
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), is transmitted through airborne droplets and primarily affects the lungs. Pulmonary TB often results in mucus accumulation, leading to secondary infections, atelectasis, reduced lung capacity, respiratory muscle weakness, and potential respiratory failure. Breathing exercises, particularly abdominal breathing and pursed-lip breathing (PLB), may improve pulmonary outcomes by enhancing oxygenation and reducing respiratory distress.Objective:
This study aimed to compare the effects of DB and PLB, combined with the Active Cycle of Breathing Technique (ACBT), on oxygen saturation and quality of life in patients with pulmonary TB.
Methods:
A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 60 patients with active pulmonary TB, aged 25–65 years, recruited through convenience sampling from Allied Hospital II, Faisalabad. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: abdominal breathing+ ACBT (n = 30) and PLB + ACBT (n = 30). Oxygen saturation and quality of life (measured using the Quality of Life for Respiratory Illness Questionnaire, QOLRIQ) were assessed at baseline, and at the 2nd, 4th, and 6th weeks. Data were analyzed using SPSS with descriptive statistics and repeated measures ANOVA.
Results:
Both interventions significantly improved oxygen saturation over time (p < .001). PLB yielded a slightly greater mean increase (+0.60, SD = 0.516, p = .005) compared to abdominal breathing (+0.56, SD = 0.527, p = .013). Quality of life improved significantly in both groups, with abdominal breathing showing greater improvement (+8.00, SD = 3.972, p < .001) than PLB (+6.30, SD= 3.199, p < .001).
Conclusion:
Both DB and PLB, when combined with ACBT, effectively enhanced oxygen saturation and quality of life in pulmonary TB patients. PLB was slightly more effective in improving oxygenation, while abdominal breathing showed superior effects on quality of life.
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Dr. Ramiza Khalid
College of Physical Therapy, Government College University, Faisalabad
Areeb Fatima
College of Physical Therapy, Government College University, Faisalabad
Huzaifa Usman
College of Physical Therapy, Government College University, Faisalabad
Maryam Razazaq
College of Physical Therapy, Government College University, Faisalabad
Rumaisa
College of Physical Therapy, Government College University, Faisalabad
