ECTOINE FROM HALOMONAS DAQINGENSIS DSH-3: CYTOTOXICITY AND PROTECTIVE POTENTIAL
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Keywords
ectoine, Halomonas daqingensis, cytotoxicity, HaCaT, B16-F10, antioxidant, melanin inhibition, skin lightening, MTT assay, LPS stress
Abstract
: Ectoine is a protective solute synthesized by extremophilic bacteria and is gaining attention for its potential use in dermatology and cosmetics due to its ability to safeguard cells from stress.
Objectives: This study investigated the cytotoxic and protective effects of ectoine extracted from Halomonas daqingensis strain DSH-3 on human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and melanoma cells (B16-F10).
Methods: Ectoine was extracted and evaluated in vitro. Cytotoxicity was determined using the MTT assay, while antioxidant activity was assessed by measuring GSH-Px and SOD levels under LPS-induced oxidative stress. Skin-lightening potential was examined through mushroom tyrosinase inhibition and UV-induced melanin synthesis assays.
Results: The MTT assay demonstrated a dose-dependent cytotoxicity profile, with cell viability remaining above 99% at the lowest tested concentration (7.8 µg/mL) but declining at higher doses. Antioxidant assays showed a significant increase in GSH-Px and SOD activity, confirming the cytoprotective properties of ectoine. Although the compound displayed limited mushroom tyrosinase inhibition (IC₅₀ > 1000 µg/mL), it effectively reduced UV-induced melanin synthesis in keratinocytes by 51.02% at 500 µg/mL.
Conclusion: Ectoine from H. daqingensis DSH-3 exhibits strong antioxidant and cytoprotective activities with promising applications in managing oxidative stress and hyperpigmentation. However, its role as a direct tyrosinase inhibitor appears limited.
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Dr. Shilanjali Bhalerao
Department of Microbiology, Gulbarga University, Sedam Road, Jnana Ganga, Kalaburagi, Karnataka 585106, India
Dr. Sudarshan Ashok
Department of Microbiology, Gulbarga University, Sedam Road, Jnana Ganga, Kalaburagi, Karnataka 585106, India
Dr. Dayanand Agsar
Professor, Department of Microbiology, Gulbarga University, Sedam Road, Jnana Ganga, Kalaburagi, Karnataka 585106, India
Dr. Gangagni Rao Anupoju
Chief Scientist and head, Department of energy and Environmental engineering (DEEE), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka , Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
Dr. Kumaraguru Thenkrishan
Senior scientist, Organic synthesis & process chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tanaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India