DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL DENTAL GEL FOR ORAL HEALTH FROM HERBAL SOURCE
Main Article Content
Keywords
Neem extract, Clove oil, Antimicrobial dental gel, Natural oral care, Streptococcus mutans, Oral infections and Herbal formulation.
Abstract
This study focuses on the development and characterization of an antimicrobial dental gel using natural ingredients, including neem extract, clove oil, honey, and vitamin E. Three gel formulations (F1, F2, and F3) were prepared with varying concentrations of these ingredients and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and skin irritation potential. The results showed that all formulations exhibited antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans, with F3 demonstrating the most significant activity. F3 had a pH of 7.0, viscosity of 9632 cps, and spreadability of 26.08. The study suggests that the F3 formulation holds potential for development as a natural, plant-based oral gel for managing and preventing oral infections.
References
2. Alzohairy MA. Therapeutics role of Azadirachta indica (Neem) and their active constituents in diseases prevention and treatment. Evidence‐Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2016;2016 (1):7382506.
3. Tashkandi H. Honey in wound healing: An updated review. Open life sciences. 2021 Oct 6;16(1):1091- 100.
4. Biswas K, Chattopadhyay I, Banerjee RK, Bandyopadhyay U. Biological activities and medicinal properties of neem (Azadirachta indica). Current science. 2002 Jun 10:1336-45.
5. Haro-González JN, Castillo-Herrera GA, Martínez-Velázquez M, Espinosa-Andrews H. Clove essential oil (Syzygium aromaticum L. Myrtaceae): Extraction, chemical composition, food applications, and essential bioactivity for human health. Molecules. 2021 Oct 22;26(21):6387.
6. Dhakad AK, Kumar R, Choudhary R, Singh S, Khan S, Poonia PK. Traditional to modern perspectives on Neem (Azadirachta indica): A gateway to bioactive compounds, sustainable agrochemicals and industrial applications. Industrial Crops and Products. 2025 Sep 1;231:121155.
7. Voleti VK, Shaik SB, Konduru C, Peyam S, Yaramsetti CK, Pasala S, Pitchaimuthu SP. Formulation and development of dental gel containing clove oil for the treatment of human periodontal diseases. J Com pr Pharm. 2016;3:1-7.
8. Raj PG, Ranjeetha AR, Aishwarya KS, Ananya MS, Anjana NK. Formulation And Evaluation Of Topical Gel Containing Econazole Nitrate. IJP. 2024;11(11):636-40.
9. Dantas MG, Reis SA, Damasceno CM, Rolim LA, Rolim-Neto PJ, Carvalho FO, Quintans-Junior LJ, Almeida JR. Development and evaluation of stability of a gel formulation containing the monoterpene borneol. The Scientific World Journal. 2016;2016(1):7394685.
10. Traynor B, Uvegi H, Olivetti E, Lothenbach B, Myers RJ. Methodology for pH measurement in high alkali cementitious systems. Cement and Concrete Research. 2020 Sep 1;135:106122.
11. Raj PG, Ranjeetha AR, Aishwarya KS, Ananya MS, Anjana NK. Formulation And Evaluation Of Topical Gel Containing Econazole Nitrate. IJP. 2024;11(11):636-40.
12. Patel H, Panchal MS, Shah S, Vadalia KR. Formulation and evaluation of transdermal gel of sildenafil citrate. Int J Pharm Res Allied Sci. 2012 Mar 5;1(3):103-8.
13. Raj PG, Ranjeetha AR, Aishwarya KS, Ananya MS, Anjana NK. Formulation And Evaluation Of Topical Gel Containing Econazole Nitrate. IJP. 2024;11(11):636-40.
14. Nematpour N, Moradipour P, Zangeneh MM, Arkan E, Abdoli M, Behbood L. The application of nanomaterial science in the formulation a novel antibiotic: Assessment of the antifungal properties of mucoadhesive clotrimazole loaded nanofiber versus vaginal films. Materials Science and Engineering: C. 2020 May 1; 110:110635.
15. Panwar A, Upadhyay N, Bairagi M, Gujar S, Darwhekar G, Jain D. Emulgel: A review. Asian J Pharm Life Sci. 2011;2231:4423.
16. Abdelkader HS, Alayafi AA, Ahmed HE, Bin Osail RA. The antibacterial activity of nanosilver coupled edible plant extracts against Streptococcus mutans, the cause of dental caries. J. Pharm. Res. Int. 2021;33:167-86.
17. Finn RK. Theory of agar diffusion methods for bioassay. Analytical Chemistry. 1959 Jun 1;31(6):975-7.
18. Schantz EJ, Lauffer MA. Diffusion measurements in agar gel. Biochemistry. 1962 Jul 1;1(4):658-63.
19. Hossain TJ. Methods for screening and evaluation of antimicrobial activity: A review of protocols, advantages, and limitations. European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology. 2024 May 14;14(2):97-115.
20. Barnes L, Heithoff DM, Mahan SP, House JK, Mahan MJ. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing to evaluate minimum inhibitory concentration values of clinically relevant antibiotics. STAR protocols. 2023 Sep 15;4(3):102512.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Mr. Abhijit N. Daf
Agnihotri Institute of Pharmacy, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
Dr. Prasad P. Jumade
Agnihotri College of Pharmacy, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
Dr. Dinesh S. Wanjari
Agnihotri Institute of Pharmacy, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
Mr. Om R. Umate
Agnihotri Institute of Pharmacy, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
Mr. Saksham B. Zyate
Agnihotri Institute of Pharmacy, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
Mr. Kartik P. Kolhe
Agnihotri Institute of Pharmacy, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
Mr. Ashwin A. Yelchalwar
Agnihotri Institute of Pharmacy, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
Mr. Jitu T. Turkar
Agnihotri Institute of Pharmacy, Wardha, Maharashtra, India